mysql多实例安装
多实例安装，同时开启多个不同的服务器端口3306 3307
大公司安装数据库一般编译安装，并且会在优化之后做成rpm包，以便统一使用
安装好mysql，如果以前的单实例mysql有开启执行
pkill mysqld
rm -f /etc/init.d/mysqld
然后做多实例安装，这里mysql安装目录/application/mysql
mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data
tree /data/
ll /application/mysql/support-files/ #mysql默认为用户提供的多个配置文件模板my*.conf
vim /data/3306/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock
basedir = /application/mysql
datadir = /data/3306/data
open_files_limit = 1024
back_log = 600
max_connections = 800
max_connect_errors = 3000
table_cache = 614
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet =8M
sort_buffer_size = 1M
join_buffer_size = 1M
thread_cache_size = 100
thread_concurrency = 2
query_cache_size = 2M
query_cache_limit = 1M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
#default_table_type = InnoDB
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 2M
max_heap_table_size = 2M
long_query_time = 1
pid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pid
relay-log = /data/3306/relay-bin
relay-log-info-file = /data/3306/relay-log.info
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_binlog_size = 2M
key_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M
lower_case_table_names = 1
skip-name-resolve
slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
server-id = 1
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 4M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = 0
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 2M
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/3306/mysql_3306.err
pid-file=/data/3306/mysqld.pid
修改目录，改成你的mysql安装目录
sed -i "s#/application/mysql#/usr/local/mysql#g" /data/3306/my.cnf
vim /data /3307/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3307
socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3307
socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock
basedir = /application/mysql
datadir = /data/3307/data
open_files_limit = 1024
back_log = 600
max_connections = 800
max_connect_errors = 3000
table_cache = 614
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet =8M
sort_buffer_size = 1M
join_buffer_size = 1M
thread_cache_size = 100
thread_concurrency = 2
query_cache_size = 2M
query_cache_limit = 1M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
#default_table_type = InnoDB
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 2M
max_heap_table_size = 2M
long_query_time = 1
pid-file = /data/3307/mysql.pid
relay-log = /data/3307/relay-bin
relay-log-info-file = /data/3307/relay-log.info
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_binlog_size = 2M
key_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M
lower_case_table_names = 1
skip-name-resolve
slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
server-id = 3
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 4M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = 0
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 2M
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/3307/mysql_3307.err
pid-file=/data/3307/mysqld.pid
修改目录，改成你的mysql安装目录
sed -i "s#/application/mysql#/usr/local/mysql#g" /data/3307/my.cnf
编辑mysql启动脚本
vim /data/3306/mysql
#!/bin/sh
##############################################
#this scripts is created by jie at 2017-06-20
#init
port=3306
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd="qwe123" #<==这里和数据库密码一致
CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin"
mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"
#startup function
function_start_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
/bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 >/dev/null &
else
printf "MySQL is running...\n"
exit
fi
}
#stop function
function_stop_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
exit
else
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown
fi
}
#restart function
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 2
function_start_mysql
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql{start|stop|restart}\n"
esac
修改目录sed -i "s#/application/mysql#/usr/local/mysql#g" /data/3306/mysql
vim /data/3307/mysql
#!/bin/sh
##############################################
#this scripts is created by jie at 2017-06-20
#init
port=3307
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd="qwe123" #<==这里和数据库密码一致
CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin"
mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"
#startup function
function_start_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
/bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 >/dev/null &
else
printf "MySQL is running...\n"
exit
fi
}
#stop function
function_stop_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
exit
else
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown
fi
}
#restart function
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 2
function_start_mysql
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql{start|stop|restart}\n"
esac
修改目录sed -i "s#/application/mysql#/usr/local/mysql#g" /data/3307/mysql
[root@*** data]# tree /data/
/data/
├── 3306
│ ├── data
│ ├── my.cnf
│ └── mysql
└── 3307
├── data
├── my.cnf
└── mysql
多实例启动文件中，启动mysql不同实例服务，所执行的命令实质是有区别的
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
停止mysql不同实例服务的实质命令
mysqladmin -u root -pqwe123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown
mysqladmin -u root -pqwe123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock shutdown
授权chown -R mysql.mysql /data
find /data -name mysql|xargs ls -l
find /data -name mysql|xargs chmod 700
find /data -name mysql -exec ls -l {} \;根上面那个效果一样
ls /application/mysql/bin/mysql
echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile #把mysql安装目录bin定义到环境变量
[root@web1 ~]# tail -1 /etc/profile
export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
[root@web1 ~]# echo $PATH
/application/mysql/bin:/application/mysql/bin:/application/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
也可以不设置环境变量，设置软连接
ln -s /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/
cd /application/mysql/scripts
初始化数据库
./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data --user=mysql
./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --user=mysql
看到如下显示成功
Installing MySQL system tables...
170620 12:43:43 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.48-log) starting as process 29870 ...
OK
Filling help tables...
170620 12:43:43 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.48-log) starting as process 29877 ...
OK
查看目录tree /data
启动多实例数据库
/data/3306/mysql start
/data/3307/mysql start
echo "/data/3306/mysql start" >>/etc/rc.local #加入开机启动
echo "/data/3307/mysql start" >>/etc/rc.local
mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock #登入数据库无密码
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
直接root身份进来
设置密码
mysqladmin -u root -S /data/3306/mysql.sock password 'qwe123'
mysql -uroot -pqwe123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
mysqladmin -u root -S /data/3307/mysql.sock password 'qwe123'
mysql -uroot -pqwe123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
小贴士：因为mysql有密码，被其他用户看到会很不安全，所以把权限改为700，属组root
find /data -type f -name "mysql" -exec chmod 700 {} \;
find /data -type f -name "mysql" -exec chown root.root {} \;
禁止使用pkill、kill -9、killall -9等命令强制杀死数据库，这会引起无法启动故障。
