单机oracle安装

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月02日单机oracle安装===配置yum源===
[base]
name=rhel6-base
baseurl=file:///os
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0


[Server]
name=rhel6-Server
baseurl=file:///os/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0


[HighAvailability]
name=rhel6-HighAvailability
baseurl=file:///os/HighAvailability
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0


[LoadBalancer]
name=rhel6-LoadBalancer
baseurl=file:///os/LoadBalancer
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0


[ResilientStorage]
name=rhel6-ResilientStorage
baseurl=file:///os/ResilientStorage
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0


[ScalableFileSystem]
name=rhel6-ScalableFileSystem
baseurl=file:///os/ScalableFileSystem
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0


===安装软件oracle所需===
echo 'multilib_policy=all' >> /etc/yum.conf ==安装32位和64位===
yum install -y binutils
yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33
yum install -y elfutils-libelf
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel-static
yum install -y gcc
yum install -y gcc-c++
yum install -y glibc
yum install -y glibc-common
yum install -y glibc-devel
yum install -y glibc-headers
yum install -y kernel-headers
yum install -y ksh
yum install -y libaio
yum install -y libaio-devel
yum install -y libgcc
yum install -y libgomp
yum install -y libstdc
yum install -y libstdc++-devel
yum install -y make
yum install -y sysstat
yum install -y unixODBC
yum install -y unixODBC-devel
===
yum install -y binutils
yum install -y compat-libcap1
yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33
yum install -y glibc
yum install -y glibc-devel
yum install -y ksh
yum install -y libaio
yum install -y libaio-devel
yum install -y libX11
yum install -y libXau
yum install -y libXi
yum install -y libXtst
yum install -y libgcc
yum install -y libstdc++
yum install -y libstdc++-devel
yum install -y libxcb
yum install -y make
yum install -y nfs-utils
yum install -y net-tools
yum install -y smartmontools
yum install -y sysstat
====
binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7 (x86_64)
compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7 (i686)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7 (x86_64)
glibc-2.17-36.el7 (i686)
glibc-2.17-36.el7 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7 (i686)
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7 (x86_64)
ksh
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7 (i686)
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7 (i686)
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7 (x86_64)
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7 (i686)
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7 (i686)
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7 (i686)
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64)
libxcb-1.9-5.el7 (i686)
libxcb-1.9-5.el7 (x86_64)
libX11-1.6.0-2.1.el7 (i686)
libX11-1.6.0-2.1.el7 (x86_64)
libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7 (i686)
libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7 (x86_64)
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7 (i686)
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7 (x86_64)
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7 (i686)
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7 (x86_64)
make-3.82-19.el7 (x86_64)
net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7 (x86_64) (for Oracle RAC and Oracle Clusterware)
nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.21.el7.x86_64 (for Oracle ACFS)
smartmontools-6.2-4.el7 (x86_64)
sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7 (x86_64)


规划：
1、IP规划
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
119.23.147.63 shardcat
119.23.134.20 shardnode1
119.23.134.28 shardnode2
2、磁盘规划
+CRS 三个10G的盘
+DGDATA 4个200G的盘
+ARCH 1个200G






1、创建用户和组
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1001 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1002 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1003 oper
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 1001 -g oinstall -G dba,oper -m oracle
echo nihao123, |passwd --stdin oracle
2、创建文件夹
mkdir -p /oracle/app/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/
chmod -R 775 /oracle/app/
mkdir -p /oracle/app/oraInventory
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/oraInventory
chmod -R 775 /oracle/app/oraInventory
mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /oracle/app/oracle
3、编辑.bash_profile
#for grid
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/grid/product/11.2.0/grid
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"
export THREADS_FLAG=native
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export THREADS_FLAG=native
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi


#for oracle
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle
export DB_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export GSM_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/gsm
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=shardcat
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
alias gsm_env='. /home/oracle/gsm_env'
alias db_env='. /home/oracle/db_env'
==
gsm_env
export ORACLE_HOME=$GSM_HOME
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin
db_env
export ORACLE_HOME=$DB_HOME
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin
4、修改系统参数
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 10240
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 10240
=========================
vi /etc/pam.d/login
# oracle
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
================================================
vi /etc/sysctl.conf


fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 1048576
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
==============================================
设置vnc
yum install -y tigervnc-server

cp /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:3.service
vi /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:3.service


[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target


[Service]
Type=simple
# Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l oracle -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i -geometry 1024x768"
PIDFile=/home/oracle/.vnc/%H%i.pid
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'


[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
==
[root@shardnode1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@shardnode1 ~]# systemctl start vncserver@:3.service
===============================================================
unix平台
Oracle11g 参数(必选参数）
archive_lag_target=3600
audit_trail = none
control_file_record_keep_time = 90
db_files=5000
deferred_segment_creation=false
enable_ddl_logging=true
fast_start_mttr_target=300
open_cussors=1000
open_links=50
processes=2000
remote_login_passwordfile = none
sessions=2200
undo_retention=300
sec_max_failed_login_attempts=30
parallel_max_servers=30




（可调内存参数）
memory_max_target=0
memory_target=0
pga_aggregate_target=800M
sga_target=5G
shared_pool_size=1G
db_cache_size=3G
large_pool_size=256M
java_pool_size=256M
stream_pool_size=256M
log_buffer=30M




（可选参数）
ddl_lock_timeout = 10
sec_case_sensitive_logon=false
sec_return_server_release_banner=true
use_large_pages = false
filesystemio_options=SETALL --在ext4下有BUG，不能设，仅当数据文件在本地文件系统时才设置。




ASM实例参数：
memory_target = 1g (至少是1g）




alter system set archive_lag_target=3600 scope=both;
alter system set audit_trail = none scope=spfile;
#alter system set control_file_record_keep_time = 90 scope=both;
#alter system set db_files=5000 scope=both;
alter system set deferred_segment_creation=false scope=both;
alter system set enable_ddl_logging=true scope=both;
alter system set fast_start_mttr_target=300 scope=both;
alter system set open_cussors=1000 scope=both;
alter system set open_links=50 scope=both;
#alter system set processes=2000 scope=both;
alter system set remote_login_passwordfile = none scope=spfile;
#alter system set sessions=2200 scope=both;
alter system set undo_retention=300 scope=both;
alter system set sec_max_failed_login_attempts=30 scope=both;
alter system set parallel_max_servers=30 scope=both;