Oracle安装--简单篇

Oracle安装之简单篇

安装准备包

linuxredhat5.8操作系统

oracle11g（以下是包名）

linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

安装准备

配置IP，hosts，主机名。

备注hosts文件一定要与主机名对应。（如下）

127.0.0.1               localhost.localdomain localhost::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6192.168.66.249  dbserver.cjl.com

配置oracle环境脚本

#!/bin/bash#查看内存大小echo "Mem Check:swap >2G,MEM >2G"grep -i memtotal /proc/meminfogrep -i swaptotal /proc/meminfo#配置yum本地源cat </etc/yum.repos.d/rhel.repo[local][local]calbaseurl=file:///mnt/Server/enabled=1gpgcheck=0END#挂载光盘并安装插件mount /dev/cdrom /mntyum -y groupinstall "Development Tools"yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-* gcc gcc-c++* glibc* kernel-headers ksh libaio* libgcc#配置路由cat <> /etc/sysctl.conffs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048576ENDsysctl -p#创建用户组和用户并授权groupadd -g 500 oinstallgroupadd -g 501 dbauseradd -g oinstall -G dba oracleecho "123123" |passwd --stdin oraclemkdir /opt/oraclechown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oraclechmod -R 775 /opt/oraclesudo mkdir /opt/tmpsudo chmod a+rw /opt/tmp#添加用户环境变量cat <>/home/oracle/.bash_profileumask 022export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2/db_1export ORACLE_SID=orclexport LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA".ZHS16GBKexport PATH=\$PATH:\$ORACLE_HOME/binexport DISPLAY=:0.0END#添加认证模块cat <>/etc/pam.d/loginsession    required     /lib64/security/pam_limits.sosession    required     pam_limits.soEND#设置oracle限制cat <>/etc/security/limits.conforacle  soft    nproc   2047oracle  hard    nproc   16384oracle  soft    nofile  1024oracle  hard    nofile  65536oracle  soft    stack   10240END#oracle软堆栈限制cat <>/etc/profileif [ $USER = "oracle" ];then        if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];then                ulimit -p 16384                ulimit -p 65536        else                ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536        fifiEND

解压Oracle11g的包到oracle用户的home目录

unzip -d /home/oracle linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip && unzip -d /home/oraclelinux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

允许用户oracle从本机访问

[root@dbserver ~]# xhost +access control disabled, clients can connect from any host

切换用户并进入解压目录运行安装

[root@dbserver ~]# su - oracle[oracle@dbserver ~]$ lsdatabase[oracle@dbserver ~]$ cd database/[oracle@dbserver database]$ ./runInstaller

运行root用户执行提示脚本

[root@dbserver ~]# /opt/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh 更改权限/opt/oracle/oraInventory.添加组的读取和写入权限。删除全局的读取, 写入和执行权限。更改组名/opt/oracle/oraInventory 到 oinstall.脚本的执行已完成。[root@dbserver ~]# /opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/root.sh Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...The following environment variables are set as:    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle    ORACLE_HOME=  /opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:    Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...Creating /etc/oratab file...Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed byDatabase Configuration Assistant when a database is createdFinished running generic part of root.sh script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed.Finished product-specific root actions.[root@dbserver ~]#

访问以上地址测试https://dbserver.cjl.com:1158/em/

oracle用户访问测试

[oracle@dbserver database]$ sqlplus sys as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Sep 18 05:28:47 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Enter password: Connected to:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing optionsSQL> show user;USER is "SYS"SQL>

图形界面添加数据库

如果重新启动还需web访问可用以下命令重新获取网址

[oracle@dbserver ~]$ emctl start dbconsoleOracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0 Copyright (c) 1996, 2009 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.https://dbserver.cjl.com:1158/em/console/aboutApplicationStarting Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control ........ started. ------------------------------------------------------------------Logs are generated in directory /opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/dbserver.cjl.com_orcl/sysman/log

如果发现不能使用dbca命令时试试它

[oracle@dbserver ~]$ /opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/bin/dbca Xlib: connection to ":0.0" refused by serverXlib: No protocol specified[root@dbserver ~]# xhost +access control disabled, clients can connect from any host

启动数据库先启动监听

[oracle@dbserver ~]$ lsnrctlLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 18-SEP-2015 05:07:44Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.LSNRCTL> startStarting /opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/network/admin/listener.oraLog messages written to /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/dbserver/listener/alert/log.xmlListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=dbserver.cjl.com)(PORT=1521)))Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias                     LISTENERVersion                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - ProductionStart Date                18-SEP-2015 05:07:50Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 secTrace Level               offSecurity                  ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP                      OFFListener Parameter File   /opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File         /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/dbserver/listener/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary...  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=dbserver.cjl.com)(PORT=1521)))The listener supports no servicesThe command completed successfullyLSNRCTL> quit[oracle@dbserver ~]$ sqlplus sys as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Sep 18 05:08:12 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Enter password: Connected to an idle instance.SQL> startupORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area  839282688 bytesFixed Size                  2217992 bytesVariable Size             541067256 bytesDatabase Buffers          289406976 bytesRedo Buffers                6590464 bytesDatabase mounted.Database opened.SQL> show user;USER is "SYS"SQL> alter database open;alter database open*ERROR at line 1:ORA-01531: a database already open by the instanceSQL> quitDisconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

关闭数据库

shutdown immediate

shutdown abort （上一条关闭不能执行，则执行这条强制关机）

关闭监听

lsnrctl stop

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