MongoDB分片集群部署详解

一、环境说明

1、我们prod环境MongoDB的集群架构是做的分片集群的部署，但是目前我们没有分片，即所有数据都在一个分片上，后期如果数量大，需要分配，集群随时可以分片，对业务方透明

2、各个角色的部署情况

3、MongoDB版本

mongos> db.version()4.0.4-62-g7e345a7

二、基础信息准备

0、系统优化

echo "never" >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabledecho "never" >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

1、下载MongoDB二进制文件

cd /chj/appwget ops.chehejia.com:9090/pkg/chj_mongodb_4.0.4.tar.gztar -zxvf chj_mongodb_4.0.4.tar.gz

2、相关目录建立

#建立base目录mkdir /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db#把MongoDB二进制文件移动到base目录下的bin文件夹mv chj_mongodb_4.0.4/bin /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/bin#建立认证文件目录mkdir /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/auth#建立配置文件目录mkdir /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/conf#建立config server的data和日志目录mkdir /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/config/data -pmkdir /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/config/log#建立mongos的日志目录mkdir /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/mongos/log -p#建立数据节点data和日志目录 mkdir /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/shard1/data -pmkdir /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/shard1/log

3、相关配置文件编写

A、mongos的配置文件编写

vim /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/conf/mongos.confsystemLog: destination: file logAppend: true path: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/mongos/log/mongos.logprocessManagement: fork: true # fork and run in background pidFilePath: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/mongos/log/mongos.pid # location of pidfile timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet: port: 27000 bindIpAll: true maxIncomingConnections: 1000 unixDomainSocket:  enabled: true  pathPrefix: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/mongos/log  filePermissions: 0700security: keyFile: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/auth/keyfile.key# authorization: enabled#replication:sharding: configDB: repl_configsvr/172.21.244.101:27100,172.21.244.102:27100,172.21.244.94:27100

B、config server的配置文件编写

vim /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/conf/config.confsystemLog: destination: file logAppend: true path: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/config/log/congigsrv.logstorage: dbPath: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/config/data journal:  enabled: true wiredTiger:  engineConfig:   directoryForIndexes: trueprocessManagement: fork: true # fork and run in background pidFilePath: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/config/log/configsrv.pid # location of pidfile timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet: port: 27100 bindIp: 0.0.0.0 # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting. #bindIpAll: true maxIncomingConnections: 1000 unixDomainSocket:  enabled: true  pathPrefix: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/config/data  filePermissions: 0700security: keyFile: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/auth/keyfile.key authorization: enabledreplication: replSetName: repl_configsvrsharding: clusterRole: configsvr

C、存储节点的配置文件编写

vim /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/conf/shard1.confsystemLog: destination: file logAppend: true path: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/shard1/log/shard1.logstorage: dbPath: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/shard1/data journal:  enabled: true wiredTiger:  engineConfig:   directoryForIndexes: trueprocessManagement: fork: true # fork and run in background pidFilePath: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/shard1/log/shard1.pid # location of pidfile timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet: port: 27101 bindIp: 0.0.0.0 # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting. #bindIpAll: true maxIncomingConnections: 1000 unixDomainSocket:  enabled: true  pathPrefix: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/shard1/data  filePermissions: 0700security: keyFile: /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/auth/keyfile.key authorization: enabledreplication: replSetName: shard1sharding: clusterRole: shardsvr

4、生产key认证文件

echo "chj123456" >/chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/auth/keyfile.key#设置文件的权限为400，不然服务无法启动chmod 400 /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/auth/keyfile.key

三、集群初始化

1、启动 config server 服务

/chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/bin/mongod -f /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/conf/config.conf

2、初始化config server集群

#登录其中一个config server节点/chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/bin/mongo --port 27100#配置集群config = { _id:"repl_configsvr",members:[ {_id:0,host:"172.21.244.101:27100"}, {_id:1,host:"172.21.244.102:27100"}, {_id:2,host:"172.21.244.94:27100"}] }#初始化集群rs.initiate(config)PS：结果输出如下，说明集群初始化成功，可以通过rs.status()命令查看集群状态{    "ok" : 1,    "$gleStats" : {        "lastOpTime" : Timestamp(1557538260, 1),        "electionId" : ObjectId("000000000000000000000000")    },    "lastCommittedOpTime" : Timestamp(0, 0)}

3、启动存储节点服务

/chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/bin/mongod -f /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/conf/shard1.conf

4、初始化存储集群

#登录你希望是主节点的服务器/chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/bin/mongo --port 27101#配置集群config = { _id:"shard1",members:[ {_id:0,host:"172.21.244.101:27101"}, {_id:1,host:"172.21.244.102:27101"},{_id:2,host:"172.21.244.94:27101",arbiterOnly:true}] }#初始化集群rs.initiate(config)PS：结果输出如下，说明集群初始化成功，可以通过rs.status()命令查看集群状态{ "ok" : 1 }

5、添加存储集群的管理账号

登录主节点

/chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/bin/mongo --port 27101use admindb.createUser({user: "root",pwd: "123456",roles: [ { role: "root", db: "admin" } ]})

6、启动mongos 服务

/chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/bin/mongos -f /chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/conf/mongos.conf

7、添加config server的管理账号

登录任意一个mongos节点

/chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/bin/mongo --port 27000use admindb.createUser({user: "root",pwd: "123456",roles: [ { role: "root", db: "admin" } ]})

8、把存储节点添加到mongos

登录任意一个mongos节点（如果是在上一步的窗口，需要退出重新登录）

/chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/bin/mongo --port 27000use admindb.auth('root','123456')#添加分片sh.addShard('shard1/172.21.244.101:27101,172.21.244.102:27101,172.21.244.94:27101')#查看分片状态sh.status()

四、交付业务方

1、建立应用账号

登录任意一个mongos节点/chj/data/mongodb/chj_db/bin/mongo --port 27000use admindb.auth('root','123456')#切到业务数据库use chj_db#建立读写账号db.createUser({  user: "chj_db_rw",  pwd: "123456",  roles: [   { role: "readWrite", db: "chj_db" },   { role: "dbOwner", db: "chj_db" }  ]})#建立只读账号(根据业务需求确认是否需要)db.createUser({user: "chj_db_r",pwd: "123456",roles: [ { role: "read", db: "chj_db" } ]})

2、交付开发人员信息

连接地址：172.21.244.101:27000，172.21.244.102:27000，172.21.244.94:27000库名：chj_db账号：chj_db_rw密码：123456

五、数据库启用分片

如果后期业务量大，需要开启分片，配置如下

#指定需要分片的数据库mongos> sh.enableSharding("chj_db") {    "ok" : 1,    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1557546835, 3),    "$clusterTime" : {        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1557546835, 3),        "signature" : {            "hash" : BinData(0,"bkrrr8Kxrr9j9udrDc/hURHld38="),            "keyId" : NumberLong("6689575940508352541")        }    }}#在chj_db数据库和users集合中创建了name和age为升序的片键mongos> sh.shardCollection("chj_db.users",{name:1,age:1}) {    "collectionsharded" : "chj_db.users",    "collectionUUID" : UUID("59c0b99f-efff-4132-b489-f6c7e3d98f42"),    "ok" : 1,    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1557546861, 12),    "$clusterTime" : {        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1557546861, 12),        "signature" : {            "hash" : BinData(0,"UBB1A/YODnmXwG5eAhgNLcKVzug="),            "keyId" : NumberLong("6689575940508352541")        }    }}#查看分片情况mongos> sh.status() --- Sharding Status --- sharding version: {    "_id" : 1,    "minCompatibleVersion" : 5,    "currentVersion" : 6,    "clusterId" : ObjectId("5cd625e0da695346d740f749") } shards:    { "_id" : "shard1", "host" : "shard1/172.21.244.101:27101,172.21.244.102:27101", "state" : 1 } active mongoses:    "4.0.4-62-g7e345a7" : 3 autosplit:    Currently enabled: yes balancer:    Currently enabled: yes    Currently running: no    Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0    Migration Results for the last 24 hours:        No recent migrations databases:    { "_id" : "chj_db", "primary" : "shard1", "partitioned" : true, "version" : { "uuid" : UUID("82088bc7-7b98-4033-843d-7058d8d959f6"), "lastMod" : 1 } }        chj_db.users            shard key: { "name" : 1, "age" : 1 }            unique: false            balancing: true            chunks:                shard1 1            { "name" : { "$minKey" : 1 }, "age" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "name" : { "$maxKey" : 1 }, "age" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard1 Timestamp(1, 0)    { "_id" : "config", "primary" : "config", "partitioned" : true }        config.system.sessions            shard key: { "_id" : 1 }            unique: false            balancing: true            chunks:                shard1 1            { "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard1 Timestamp(1, 0)

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