Kubernetes中怎么部署应用

这期内容当中小编将会给大家带来有关Kubernetes中怎么部署应用，文章内容丰富且以专业的角度为大家分析和叙述，阅读完这篇文章希望大家可以有所收获。

通过Eclipse构建一个Spring Boot项目以下简称demo，其中连接mysql的property文件application-k8s.properties内容如下：

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://${MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST:127.0.0.1}:${MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT:3306}/${MYSQL_DATABASE:demo} spring.datasource.username=${MYSQL_ROOT_USER:root} spring.datasource.password=${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD:123456} spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect  spring.jpa.database = MYSQL  # Show or not log for each sql query  spring.jpa.show-sql = true  # Hibernate ddl auto (create, create-drop, update)  spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto = update

我们通过环境变量来指定数据库的连接参数，其中：

1. 鸿蒙官方战略合作共建--HarmonyOS技术社区

2. MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST：mysql的hostname或者IP地址

3. MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT：mysql的端口号

4. MYSQL_DATABASE：连接mysql的数据库名

5. MYSQL_ROOT_USER：mysql的root用户名

6. MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD：mysql的root用户名密码

将demo打包成jar文件，并且用Dockerfile制作成Docker Image上传到私有Registry。

打包jar文件

mvn package -Dmaven.test.skip=true INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO]  [INFO] --------------------------< com.example:demo >-------------------------- [INFO] Building demo 0.0.1 [INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]--------------------------------- [INFO]  [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:resources (default-resources) @ demo --- [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. [INFO] Copying 4 resources [INFO] Copying 0 resource [INFO]  [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:compile (default-compile) @ demo --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO]  [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:testResources (default-testResources) @ demo --- [INFO] Not copying test resources [INFO]  [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ demo --- [INFO] Not compiling test sources [INFO]  [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.1:test (default-test) @ demo --- [INFO] Tests are skipped. [INFO]  [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.1.1:jar (default-jar) @ demo --- [INFO] Building jar: /Users/xiaobaoqiang/workspace/demo/spring-boot/target/demo.jar [INFO]  [INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.1.3.RELEASE:repackage (repackage) @ demo --- [INFO] Replacing main artifact with repackaged archive [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 1.731 s [INFO] Finished at: 2019-03-31T12:33:52+08:00 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dockerfile如下：

# base image FROM daocloud.io/java:8  # MAINTAINER MAINTAINER xiaobaoqiang@163.com  # add demo.jar to docker tmp folder ADD ./demo.jar /tmp  # run demo.jar package CMD ["java", "-jar", "/tmp/demo.jar"]  EXPOSE 9999

制作Docker镜像

docker build -t 10.0.0.10:5000/app/demo:v2.0 . Sending build context to Docker daemon 44.18 MB Step 1/5 : FROM daocloud.io/java:8  ---> d23bdf5b1b1b Step 2/5 : MAINTAINER xiaobaoqiang@163.com  ---> Using cache  ---> 6a8e7ffcb8b7 Step 3/5 : ADD ./demo.jar /tmp  ---> 11bc5f618c77 Removing intermediate container c3942d277805 Step 4/5 : CMD java -jar /tmp/demo.jar  ---> Running in f877685bb056  ---> cb08fcc6b0a1 Removing intermediate container f877685bb056 Step 5/5 : EXPOSE 9999  ---> Running in 86a145142954  ---> 189f73beb27a Removing intermediate container 86a145142954 Successfully built 189f73beb27a

查看Docker镜像

docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE 10.0.0.10:5000/app/demo v2.0 189f73beb27a About an hour ago 687 MB

将制作好的Docker镜像push到私有Registry

docker push 10.0.0.10:5000/app/demo:v2.0 The push refers to a repository [10.0.0.10:5000/app/demo] 6a6b9dbfc663: Pushed  35c20f26d188: Pushed  c3fe59dd9556: Pushed  6ed1a81ba5b6: Pushed  a3483ce177ce: Pushed  ce6c8756685b: Pushed  30339f20ced0: Pushed  0eb22bfb707d: Pushed  a2ae92ffcd29: Pushed  v2.0: digest: sha256:7296321564a7ace0bf1f2e8099fb7e0e01610efec5e1d1fec0c877b236bc0f5f size: 2212

到此，我们的demo镜像已经准备就绪，下面开始准备mysql镜像。

由于国外的Docker Hub网速比较慢，我们从国内的Docker Hub拉取一个mysql的镜像到本地

docker pull daocloud.io/library/mysql:5.7.4

将mysql镜像打tag，并且push到我们的私有Registry

docker tag daocloud.io/library/mysql:5.7.4 10.0.0.10:5000/library/mysql:5.7.4 docker push 10.0.0.10:5000/library/mysql:5.7.4 The push refers to a repository [10.0.0.10:5000/library/mysql] 5f70bf18a086: Pushed  903c114b758c: Pushed  c8c909bc9ac1: Pushed  6f19f89d53b4: Pushed  6e82deab235b: Pushed  ca60b5cb617c: Pushed  ac906c9ec95d: Pushed  4c816744690c: Pushed  5.7.4: digest: sha256:afe1630e8c9bd318a5e72b2536c2daacb96b8135cc2c6d3465262b5c7b7d1831 size: 3846

到此，我们mysql的镜像也准备就绪，下面开始部署我们的demo应用和mysql

创建mysql的部署yaml文件mysql-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata:  name: mysql  labels:  app: mysql spec:  ports:  - port: 3306  selector:  app: mysql  clusterIP: None   --- apiVersion: apps/v1 # for k8s versions before 1.9.0 use apps/v1beta2 and before 1.8.0 use extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata:  name: mysql  labels:  app: mysql spec:  selector:  matchLabels:  app: mysql  template:  metadata:  labels:  app: mysql  spec:  containers:  - image: 10.0.0.10:5000/library/mysql:5.7.4  name: mysql  env:  - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD  value: "123456"  - name: MYSQL_DATABASE  value: "demo"  livenessProbe:  tcpSocket:  port: 3306  ports:  - containerPort: 3306  name: mysql

通过环境变量初始化了一些参数：

1. 鸿蒙官方战略合作共建--HarmonyOS技术社区

2. MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD为mysql的root密码

3. MYSQL_DATABASE为mysql启动后默认创建的数据库

创建demo应用部署的yaml文件demo-mysql-k8s.yaml

# ------------------- Demo Deployment ------------------- # kind: Deployment apiVersion: apps/v1 metadata:  labels:  name: demo  name: demo spec:   selector:  matchLabels:  app: demo  template:  metadata:  labels:  app: demo  spec:  containers:  - name: demo  image: 10.0.0.10:5000/app/demo:v2.0  ports:  - containerPort: 9999  protocol: TCP  env:   - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST  value: '172.18.45.2'  - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT  value: "3306"  - name: MYSQL_DATABASE  value: "demo"  - name: MYSQL_ROOT_USER  value: "root"  - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD  value: "123456"  livenessProbe:  httpGet:  scheme: HTTP  path: /service/v1/demo  port: 9999  initialDelaySeconds: 30  timeoutSeconds: 30 --- # ------------------- Demo Service ------------------- #  kind: Service apiVersion: v1 metadata:  labels:  name: demo  name: demo spec:   ports:  - port: 9900  targetPort: 9999  selector:  app: demo

通过环境变量初始化了一些参数，这些参数与application-k8s.properties中的环境变量名对应，其中MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST是mysql部署后的enpoint IP地址。

通过kubectl命令行开始部署

kubectl apply -f mysql-deployment.yaml service/mysql created deployment.apps/mysql created

查看mysql的endpoint IP地址

kubectl get service NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE kubernetes ClusterIP 172.10.12.1  443/TCP 63d mysql ClusterIP None  3306/TCP 121m  kubectl describe service mysql Name: mysql Namespace: default Labels: app=mysql Annotations: kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration:  {"apiVersion":"v1","kind":"Service","metadata":{"annotations":{},"labels":{"app":"mysql"},"name":"mysql","namespace":"default"},"spec":{"c... Selector: app=mysql Type: ClusterIP IP: None Port:  3306/TCP TargetPort: 3306/TCP Endpoints: 172.18.45.2:3306 Session Affinity: None Events: 

可以看到mysql的enpoint IP地址是172.18.45.2，端口号是3306。

部署demo应用

kubectl apply -f demo-mysql-k8s.yaml deployment.apps/demo created service/demo created  kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE demo-d4cd5bfdd-8qpfw 1/1 Running 0 3s mysql-6f76465564-j8dq2 1/1 Running 0 60m

查看demo启动的日志

kubectl logs demo-d4cd5bfdd-8qpfw   . ____ _ __ _ _  /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \  \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )  ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /  =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/  :: Spring Boot :: (v2.1.3.RELEASE)  2019-03-31 03:55:08.236 INFO 1 --- [ main] com.example.demo.DemoApplication : Starting DemoApplication v0.0.1 on demo-d4cd5bfdd-8qpfw with PID 1 (/tmp/demo.jar started by root in /) 2019-03-31 03:55:08.245 INFO 1 --- [ main] com.example.demo.DemoApplication : The following profiles are active: k8s 2019-03-31 03:55:09.149 INFO 1 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Bootstrapping Spring Data repositories in DEFAULT mode. 2019-03-31 03:55:09.204 INFO 1 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Finished Spring Data repository scanning in 51ms. Found 1 repository interfaces. 2019-03-31 03:55:09.516 INFO 1 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration' of type [org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$eb5e36c] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 2019-03-31 03:55:09.782 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 9999 (http) 2019-03-31 03:55:09.807 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service [Tomcat] 2019-03-31 03:55:09.807 INFO 1 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.16] 2019-03-31 03:55:09.814 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener : The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/jni:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/jni:/lib:/usr/lib] 2019-03-31 03:55:09.881 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext 2019-03-31 03:55:09.881 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1593 ms 2019-03-31 03:55:10.129 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [  name: default  ...] 2019-03-31 03:55:10.179 INFO 1 --- [ main] org.hibernate.Version : HHH000412: Hibernate Core {5.3.7.Final} 2019-03-31 03:55:10.180 INFO 1 --- [ main] org.hibernate.cfg.Environment : HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found 2019-03-31 03:55:10.284 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.0.4.Final} 2019-03-31 03:55:10.444 INFO 1 --- [ main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Starting... 2019-03-31 03:55:20.542 INFO 1 --- [ main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Start completed. 2019-03-31 03:55:20.551 INFO 1 --- [ main] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect Hibernate: create table demo_users (id integer not null, birth_day datetime, create_date datetime, email varchar(255), name varchar(255), sex integer, primary key (id)) engine=MyISAM Hibernate: create table hibernate_sequence (next_val bigint) engine=MyISAM Hibernate: insert into hibernate_sequence values ( 1 ) 2019-03-31 03:55:20.984 INFO 1 --- [ main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Initialized JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default' 2019-03-31 03:55:21.315 WARN 1 --- [ main] aWebConfiguration$JpaWebMvcConfiguration : spring.jpa.open-in-view is enabled by default. Therefore, database queries may be performed during view rendering. Explicitly configure spring.jpa.open-in-view to disable this warning 2019-03-31 03:55:21.408 INFO 1 --- [ main] pertySourcedRequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/v2/api-docs] onto method [public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity springfox.documentation.swagger2.web.Swagger2Controller.getDocumentation(java.lang.String,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)] 2019-03-31 03:55:21.504 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor' 2019-03-31 03:55:21.801 INFO 1 --- [ main] d.s.w.p.DocumentationPluginsBootstrapper : Context refreshed 2019-03-31 03:55:21.821 INFO 1 --- [ main] d.s.w.p.DocumentationPluginsBootstrapper : Found 1 custom documentation plugin(s) 2019-03-31 03:55:21.844 INFO 1 --- [ main] s.d.s.w.s.ApiListingReferenceScanner : Scanning for api listing references 2019-03-31 03:55:22.118 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 9999 (http) with context path '' 2019-03-31 03:55:22.119 INFO 1 --- [ main] com.example.demo.DemoApplication : Started DemoApplication in 14.323 seconds (JVM running for 14.62)

通过日志可以看到我们的demo应用已经连接到mysql数据库，我们的demo应用启动正常。

验证

通过Kubernetes的proxy访问我们的demo的health check

kubectl proxy --address='0.0.0.0' --disable-filter=true &  curl http://10.0.0.10:8001/api/v1/namespaces/default/services/demo/proxy/service/v1/demo {"author":"xiaobaoqiang","title":"this is a demo","version":"1.0"}

通过restful api向数据库写入测试数据

curl -X POST "http://10.0.0.10:8001/api/v1/namespaces/default/services/demo/proxy/service/v1/user" -H "accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d "{ \"birthDay\": \"2019-03-31T04:03:43.259Z\", \"createDate\": \"2019-03-31T04:03:43.259Z\", \"email\": \"A1@test.com\", \"name\": \"A1\", \"sex\": 0}" success  curl -X POST "http://10.0.0.10:8001/api/v1/namespaces/default/services/demo/proxy/service/v1/user" -H "accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d "{ \"birthDay\": \"2019-03-31T04:03:43.259Z\", \"createDate\": \"2019-03-31T04:03:43.259Z\", \"email\": \"B2@test.com\", \"name\": \"B2\", \"sex\": 1}" success

通过restful api查询刚才写入的数据

curl -X GET "http://10.0.0.10:8001/api/v1/namespaces/default/services/demo/proxy/service/v1/users" -H "accept: application/json" [{"id":1,"name":"A1","email":"A1@test.com","sex":0,"birthDay":"2019-03-31T04:03:43.000+0000","createDate":"2019-03-31T04:03:43.000+0000"},{"id":2,"name":"B2","email":"B2@test.com","sex":1,"birthDay":"2019-03-31T04:03:43.000+0000","createDate":"2019-03-31T04:03:43.000+0000"}]

可以看到已经查询到刚才写入的测试数据。

通过命令行查看数据库的数据

kubectl get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE demo-d4cd5bfdd-8qpfw 1/1 Running 0 7m54s mysql-6f76465564-j8dq2 1/1 Running 0 67m  kubectl exec -it mysql-6f76465564-j8dq2 bash root@mysql-6f76465564-j8dq2:/usr/local/mysql# mysql -u root -p Enter password:  Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 422 Server version: 5.7.4-m14 MySQL Community Server (GPL)  Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.  Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.  Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.  mysql>  mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | demo | | mysql | | performance_schema | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)  mysql> use demo; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A  Database changed mysql> show tables; +--------------------+ | Tables_in_demo | +--------------------+ | demo_users | | hibernate_sequence | +--------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)  mysql> select * from demo_users; +----+---------------------+---------------------+-------------+------+------+ | id | birth_day | create_date | email | name | sex | +----+---------------------+---------------------+-------------+------+------+ | 1 | 2019-03-31 04:03:43 | 2019-03-31 04:03:43 | A1@test.com | A1 | 0 | | 2 | 2019-03-31 04:03:43 | 2019-03-31 04:03:43 | B2@test.com | B2 | 1 | +----+---------------------+---------------------+-------------+------+------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通过mysql命令行我们可以看到刚才的测试数据已经保存到数据库中。

上述就是小编为大家分享的Kubernetes中怎么部署应用了，如果刚好有类似的疑惑，不妨参照上述分析进行理解。如果想知道更多相关知识，欢迎关注行业资讯频道。