Oracle数据文件物理删除后的恢复

做系统管理的都是这样，难免会误删文件，某天要是把某个Oracle数据文件删除，那该如何恢复呢？(这里数据库是OPEN的，并且未关闭)

1. 建立测试表空间

2. 创建测试用户

3. 插入测试数据

4. 删除数据文件

5. 恢复数据库文件

1. 建立测试表空间
   

SQL> select name from v$datafile;NAME--------------------------------------------------------------------------------/opt/oracle/oradata/member/system01.dbf/opt/oracle/oradata/member/sysaux01.dbf/opt/oracle/oradata/member/undotbs01.dbf/opt/oracle/oradata/member/users01.dbfSQL> create tablespace test datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf' size 10m;Tablespace created.SQL> select name from v$datafile;NAME--------------------------------------------------------------------------------/opt/oracle/oradata/member/system01.dbf/opt/oracle/oradata/member/sysaux01.dbf/opt/oracle/oradata/member/undotbs01.dbf/opt/oracle/oradata/member/users01.dbf/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf

2.创建测试账户

SQL> create user test identified by test default tablespace test;SQL> grant connect,resource to test;

3.插入测试数据

SQL> conn test/testSQL> create table t1(id int);SQL> insert into t1 values(1);SQL> select * from t1;        ID----------         1

4.删除数据文件

[oracle@db2 ~]$ rm -f /opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf[oracle@db2 ~]$ sqlplus test/testSQL> create table t2 as select * from t1;create table t2 as select * from t1                                 *ERROR at line 1:ORA-01116: error in opening database file 5ORA-01110: data file 5: '/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf'ORA-27041: unable to open fileLinux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directoryAdditional information: 3SQL> select table_name,tablespace_name from user_tables;TABLE_NAME                     TABLESPACE_NAME------------------------------ ------------------------------T1                             TEST

数据文件被删除了，这怎么办呢？这个时候千万别重启数据库，否则数据就丢失了

5.数据文件恢复

[oracle@db2 ~]$ ps -ef |grep dbw0oracle    3309     1  0 12:07 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_memberoracle    6217  5105  0 15:29 pts/0    00:00:00 grep dbw0#找到ora_dbw0_SID的进程号3309[oracle@db2 ~]$ cd /proc/3309/fd#以上3309就是进程号，然后执行ls -al查看文件的链接

可以看到文件27就是被删除的文件

[oracle@db2 fd]$ cp 27 /opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf

查看test表空间状态

SQL> select name,status from v$datafile;NAME                      STATUS----------------------------------------   -------/opt/oracle/oradata/member/system01.dbf    SYSTEM/opt/oracle/oradata/member/sysaux01.dbf    ONLINE/opt/oracle/oradata/member/undotbs01.dbf    ONLINE/opt/oracle/oradata/member/users01.dbf    ONLINE/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf    ONLINE

下线test01表文件

SQL> alter database datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf' offline;SQL> recover datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf';Media recovery complete.SQL> alter database datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf' online;Database altered.

#以上就成功恢复了，若是出现

SQL> recover datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf';ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errorsORA-01110: data file 5: '/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf'ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 5 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 5: '/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf'

则有可能是/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf文件的权限问题引起，在root用户下

[root@db2 ~]# chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf 再recover datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/member/test01.dbf'

实验完成后，删除测试用户及测试表空间

SQL> drop user test cascade;SQL> drop tablespace test INCLUDING CONTENTS AND DATAFILES;