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ubuntu14.04安装oracle12c及错误解决方法

发表于：2026-11-02 作者：千家信息网编辑

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月02日，1.更换apt源cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bakvim /etc/apt/sources.listcat /etc/apt/sou

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月02日ubuntu14.04安装oracle12c及错误解决方法

1.更换apt源

cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bakvim /etc/apt/sources.listcat  /etc/apt/sources.listdeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

2.更新系统

apt-get updateapt-get dist-upgrade -yinit 6   apt-get dist-upgrade -y

3.若ubuntu不是桌面版，则安装桌面

apt-get install x-window-system-core gnome-core -y

4.安装oracle依赖包

apt-get -y install alien binutils build-essential cpp-4.4 debhelper g++-4.4 gawk gcc-4.4 gcc-4.4-base gettext html2text lib32z1 lib32ncurses5 lib32bz2-1.0 intltool-debian ksh lib32bz2-dev lib32z1-dev libaio-dev libaio1 libbeecrypt7 libc6 libc6-dev libc6-dev-i386 libelf-dev libelf1 libltdl-dev libltdl7 libmotif4 libodbcinstq4-1 libodbcinstq4-1:i386 libqt4-core libqt4-gui libsqlite3-0 libstdc++5 libstdc++6 libstdc++6-4.4-dev lsb lsb-core lsb-cxx lsb-desktop lsb-graphics lsb-qt4 make odbcinst pax po-debconf rpm rpm-common sysstat unixodbc unixodbc-dev unzip

5.创建用户和用户组

addgroup oinstalladdgroup dbaaddgroup nobodyusermod -g nobody nobodyuseradd -g oinstall -G dba -p password -m -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash oraclechown -R oracle:dba /home/oraclemkdir -p /u01/app/oraclemkdir -p /u01/binarieschown -R oracle:dba /u01

6.设置oracle用户密码及创建redhat标识

echo oracle | passwd --stdin  oracle   (ubuntu不支持)echo 'Red Hat Linux release 6' | sudo tee -a  /etc/redhat-release

7.创建redhat目录结构

mkdir /usr/lib64 ln -s /etc /etc/rc.d ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 /lib64/ ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/ ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/ ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 /lib64/ ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/

cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.originalecho "#Oracle 12C shell limits:" |  tee -a /etc/security/limits.confecho "oracle soft nproc 2048" |  tee -a /etc/security/limits.confecho "oracle hard nproc 16384"|  tee -a /etc/security/limits.confecho "oracle soft nofile 1024" |  tee -a /etc/security/limits.confecho "oracle hard nofile 65536" |  tee -a /etc/security/limits.conf

echo "#" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "# Oracle 12C entries" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "fs.aio-max-nr=1048576" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "fs.file-max=6815744" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "kernel.shmall=2097152" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "kernel.shmmni=4096" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "net.core.rmem_default=262144" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "net.core.rmem_max=4194304" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "net.core.wmem_default=262144" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "net.core.wmem_max=1048586" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "kernel.shmmax=1073741824" |  tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

sysctl -p  #使上面配置生效mkdir /etc/rc.d ;for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 S ;do sudo ln -s /etc/rc$i.d /etc/rc.d/rc$i.d ;done

安装VNC服务：

apt-get -y install vnc4servervncpasswd      #设置vnc登录密码

---------------------------------

vim /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup#!/bin/shexport XKL_XMODMAP_DISABLE=1  unset SESSION_MANAGER  unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS  gnome-panel &  gnome-settings-daemon &  metacity &  nautilus &  gnome-terminal & --------------------------------chmod 777  /root/.vnc/xstartup

#需要将最后一行"x-window-manager &"改为我们自己的Ubuntu图形界面服务，那么改成什么呢？这就要看你Ubuntu是什么桌面环境了，Ubuntu有gnome、KDE、Unity等桌面环境。

如果是gnome桌面，改成gnome-session &；
如果是KDE桌面，改成startkde &；
如果是Unity桌面，首先去 /usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/下看桌面session的名称

vncserver :1 #以oracle用户启动关闭vnc服务

vncserver -kill :1

#vnc客户端下载

https://www.realvnc.com/download/viewer/windows/

为oracle环境配置变量

vim /home/oracle/.bashrcexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/binariesexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1export ORACLE_SID=orclexport ORACLE_UNQNAME=orclexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/libexport NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBKexport PATH=${PATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/;

将OpenJDK更改Oracle JDK

cd /opttar xf jdk-7u67-linux-x64.tar.gzln -s jdk1.7.0_67/ /javavim /etc/profile#set java environmentexport JAVA_HOME=/opt/javaexport JRE_HOME=/opt/javaexport CLASSPATH==.:$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/libexport PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin

source /etc/profilejava -version

8.安装oracle

cd /u01/binaries/unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zipunzip  linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zipinit 6           #重启进入桌面

以oracle用户登录VNC，执行下面命令export DiSPLAY:0.0xhost +

cd /u01/binaries/database/./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs

#配置开机启动

vim /etc/orataborcl:/u01/binaries/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y

vim /etc/profileexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1export ORACLE_OWNR=oracleexport PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport ORACLE_SID=orcl

vim /etc/rc.localsu - oracle -lc "/u01/binaries/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart"su - oracle -lc "/u01/binaries/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl stop"

错误一：VNC无法打开桌面

解决：配置VNC登录用户家目录中的配置文件

错误二：java.lang.main classnotfind

解决：为oracle环境配置变量

vim /home/oracle/.bashrc

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/binaries

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK #unicode编码无论配置成什么编码，格式一定要写对(language_territory.charset 语言_地域和字符集)，否则会安装失败，或者不做配置(没试过)

export PATH=${PATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/;

错误三：提示DISPLAY not set. Please set the DISPLAY and try again。

解决：

export DISPLAY=:0.0

xhost +

执行以上命令后，再次切换到oracle用户执行安装即可。

错误四：

解决：缺少包

apt-get -y install alien binutils build-essential cpp-4.4 debhelper g++-4.4 gawk gcc-4.4 gcc-4.4-base gettext html2text lib32z1 lib32ncurses5 lib32bz2-1.0 intltool-debian ksh lib32bz2-dev lib32z1-dev libaio-dev libaio1 libbeecrypt7 libc6 libc6-dev libc6-dev-i386 libelf-dev libelf1 libltdl-dev libltdl7 libmotif4 libodbcinstq4-1 libodbcinstq4-1:i386 libqt4-core libqt4-gui libsqlite3-0 libstdc++5 libstdc++6 libstdc++6-4.4-dev lsb lsb-core lsb-cxx lsb-desktop lsb-graphics lsb-qt4 make odbcinst pax po-debconf rpm rpm-common sysstat unixodbc unixodbc-dev unzip

错误五：提示insufficient disk space on this volume for the selected oracle home

解决：安装目录磁盘空间不足

错误六：无法启动安装界面，且无报错信息

解决：

以oracle用户登录VNC，执行下面命令

export DiSPLAY:0.0

xhost +

错误七：

解决:

http://www.techienote.com/install-oracle-12c-on-ubuntu/

错误八：lsnrctl 1070

解决：