MySQL日志审计 帮你揪出内个干坏事儿的小子

MySQL日志审计 帮你揪出内个干坏事的小子

简介

Part1:写在最前

MySQL本身并不像MariaDB和Percona一样提供审计功能，但如果我们想对数据库进行审计，去看是谁把我的数据库数据给删了，该怎么办呢？我们主要利用init-connect参数，让每个登录的用户都记录到我们的数据库中，并抓取其connection_id()，再根据binlog就能够找出谁干了那些破事儿。

MariaDB如何审计，可移步：

http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1857594

准备

Part1:创建所需库

[root@HE3 telegraf]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 859Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> create database auditdb;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Part2:创建所需表

[root@HE3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 266Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> use auditdb;Database changedmysql> CREATE TABLE accesslog (    -> ID INT (10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY auto_increment,    -> ConnectionID INT (10) UNSIGNED,    -> ConnUser VARCHAR (30) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',    -> MatchUser VARCHAR (30) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',    -> LoginTime datetime    -> );Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

Part3:在my.cnf中添加

init-connect='Insert into auditdb.accesslog(ConnectionID ,ConnUser ,MatchUser ,LoginTime)values(connection_id(),user(),current_user(),now());'

并重启数据库

[root@HE3 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restartShutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

测试

Part1:环境

[root@HE3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 266Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> use auditdb;mysql> use helei;Database changedmysql> select * from t1;+----+| id |+----+|  2 ||  3 ||  4 ||  5 ||  6 ||  7 ||  8 ||  9 |+----+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Part2:用不同用户登录操作

[root@HE3 telegraf]# mysql -uhelei -pMANAGERmysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 185Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> use helei;Database changedmysql> select * from t1;+----+| id |+----+|  2 ||  3 ||  4 ||  5 ||  6 ||  7 ||  8 ||  9 |+----+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> delete from t1 where id = 2;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> delete from t1 where id = 4;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)[root@HE3 telegraf]# mysql -uyuhao -pMANAGERmysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 185Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> use helei;Database changedmysql> select * from t1;+----+| id |+----+|  3 ||  5 ||  6 ||  7 ||  8 ||  9 |+----+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> delete from t1 where id = 3;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Part3:查看用户ID

mysql> select * from accesslog;+----+--------------+-----------------+-----------+---------------------+| ID | ConnectionID | ConnUser        | MatchUser | LoginTime           |+----+--------------+-----------------+-----------+---------------------+|  1 |           10 | helei@localhost | helei@%   | 2016-12-08 19:07:49 ||  2 |           19 | helei@localhost | helei@%   | 2016-12-08 19:08:44 ||  3 |          125 | helei@localhost | helei@%   | 2016-12-08 19:24:46 ||  4 |          128 | yuhao@localhost | yuhao@%   | 2016-12-08 19:25:01 ||  5 |          182 | helei@localhost | helei@%   | 2016-12-08 19:33:02 ||  6 |          185 | yuhao@localhost | yuhao@%   | 2016-12-08 19:33:20 |+----+--------------+-----------------+-----------+---------------------+6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Part4:binlog日志对比

这里可以看到t1表的id=2和id=4列是由thread_id=182用户删掉的，也就是helei用户

#161208 19:33:39 server id 1250  end_log_pos 5275 CRC32 0x2ae798a9      Query   thread_id=182   exec_time=0     error_code=0SET TIMESTAMP=1481254419/*!*/;BEGIN/*!*/;# at 5275#161208 19:33:39 server id 1250  end_log_pos 5324 CRC32 0x2cf42817      Rows_query# delete from t1 where id=2#161208 19:34:07 server id 1250  end_log_pos 5885 CRC32 0x947106d4      Query   thread_id=182   exec_time=0     error_code=0SET TIMESTAMP=1481254447/*!*/;BEGIN/*!*/;# at 5885#161208 19:34:07 server id 1250  end_log_pos 5934 CRC32 0xfe1eb7fc      Rows_query# delete from t1 where id=4

这里可以看到t1表的id=3列是由thread_id=185用户删掉的，也就是yuhao用户

#161208 19:33:49 server id 1250  end_log_pos 5579 CRC32 0x5f8d9879      Query   thread_id=185   exec_time=0     error_code=0SET TIMESTAMP=1481254429/*!*/;BEGIN/*!*/;# at 5579#161208 19:33:49 server id 1250  end_log_pos 5630 CRC32 0x71feeadc      Rows_query# delete from t1 where id = 3

参考资料：

http://dbspace.blog.51cto.com/6873717/1881053

--总结--

审计多多少少会影响数据库的性能，能不开尽量不开。另外开启审计数据库用户要实名制或者一对一，以免干了坏事儿的人赖账~由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。