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数据库中如何查看备份信息脚本

发表于：2026-11-01 作者：千家信息网编辑

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月01日，这篇文章主要介绍了数据库中如何查看备份信息脚本，具有一定借鉴价值，感兴趣的朋友可以参考下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获，下面让小编带着大家一起了解一下。查看某个备份集SPFILESELECT D

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月01日数据库中如何查看备份信息脚本

这篇文章主要介绍了数据库中如何查看备份信息脚本，具有一定借鉴价值，感兴趣的朋友可以参考下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获，下面让小编带着大家一起了解一下。

查看某个备份集SPFILE
SELECT DISTINCT A.SET_STAMP, B.COMPLETION_TIME, HANDLE
FROM V$BACKUP_SPFILE B, V$BACKUP_PIECE A
WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP
AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
AND B.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP;
查看RMAN的配置信息
SELECT NAME,VALUE FROM V$RMAN_CONFIGURATION;
检查某个时间段备份失败的记录：SELECT * FROM V$RMAN_STATUS
WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE(&START_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
AND END_TIME <= TO_DATE(&END_TIME ,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
AND OPERATION ='BACKUP'
AND STATUS !='COMPLETED'
AND STATUS NOT LIKE 'RUNNING%'
查看备份成功的历史记录：
SELECT * FROM V$RMAN_STATUS
WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE(&START_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
AND END_TIME <= TO_DATE(&END_TIME ,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
AND OPERATION ='BACKUP'
AND STATUS ='COMPLETED'
查看所有备份集详细信息：
SELECT A.RECID "BACKUP SET",
A.SET_STAMP,
DECODE (B.INCREMENTAL_LEVEL,
'', DECODE (BACKUP_TYPE, 'L', 'Archivelog', 'Full'),
1, 'Incr-1级',
0, 'Incr-0级',
B.INCREMENTAL_LEVEL)
"Type LV",
B.CONTROLFILE_INCLUDED "包含CTL",
DECODE (A.STATUS,
'A', 'AVAILABLE',
'D', 'DELETED',
'X', 'EXPIRED',
'ERROR')
"STATUS",
A.DEVICE_TYPE "Device Type",
A.START_TIME "Start Time",
A.COMPLETION_TIME "Completion Time",
A.ELAPSED_SECONDS "Elapsed Seconds",
A.BYTES/1024/1024/1024 "Size(G)",
A.COMPRESSED,
A.TAG "Tag",
A.HANDLE "Path"
FROM GV$BACKUP_PIECE A, GV$BACKUP_SET B
WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
ORDER BY A.COMPLETION_TIME DESC;

查看RAMAN备份工作细节
select start_time,
end_time,
input_type,
output_device_type,
status,
round(input_bytes / 1024 / 1024 / 1024) as intput_gb,
round(output_bytes / 1024 / 1024 / 1024) as output_gb
from v$rman_backup_job_details
where end_time > sysdate - 3;

RMAN进度查询
select case
when opname like '%aggregate%' then
'total'
else
opname
end opname,
trunc(sofar * 100 / totalwork, 2) || '%' progress,
units
from v$session_longops
where opname like 'RMAN%'
and totalwork > sofar;

关于Oracle数据库的RMAN备份，除了邮件外，是否能通过其它方式检查RMAN备份的成功与失败呢？其实我们可以通过下面SQL脚本来检查某个时间段备份失败的记录：

SELECT * FROM V$RMAN_STATUS
WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE(&START_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
AND END_TIME <= TO_DATE(&END_TIME ,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
AND OPERATION ='BACKUP'
AND STATUS !='COMPLETED'
AND STATUS NOT LIKE 'RUNNING%'

查看备份成功的历史记录：

SELECT * FROM V$RMAN_STATUS
WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE(&START_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
AND END_TIME <= TO_DATE(&END_TIME ,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
AND OPERATION ='BACKUP'
AND STATUS ='COMPLETED'

其中STATUS主要有RUNNING、RUNNING WITH WARNINGS、RUNNING WITH ERRORS、COMPLETED、COMPLETED WITH WARNINGS、COMPLETED WITH ERRORS、FAILED等几种状态。另外，如果你在命令窗口输入

[oracle@MyDB ~]$ date
Tue Jul 19 10:52:02 CST 2016
[oracle@MyDB ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Tue Jul 19 10:52:13 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: SCM2 (DBID=3990839260)

RMAN>

在V$RMAN_STATUS里面，你会看到插入了一条记录STATUS为RUNNING状态

SQL> COL ROW_TYPE FOR A10;
SQL> COL OPERATION FOR A10;
SQL> COL COMMAND_ID FOR A20;
SQL> COL STATUS FOR A30;
SQL> COL OBJECT_TYPE FOR A16;
SQL> SELECT ROW_TYPE, COMMAND_ID, OPERATION, STATUS,OBJECT_TYPE
2 FROM V$RMAN_STATUS
3 WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE('2016-07-19 10:52:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS');

ROW_TYPE COMMAND_ID OPERATION STATUS OBJECT_TYPE
---------- -------------------- ---------- ----------------- ----------------
SESSION 2016-07-19T10:52:13 RMAN RUNNING

此时如果在RMAN中随意执行一个错误命令，如下所示

[oracle@MyDB ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Tue Jul 19 10:52:13 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: SCM2 (DBID=3990839260)

RMAN> /

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands
RMAN-01006: error signalled during parse
RMAN-02001: unrecognized punctuation symbol "/"
clip_image001

SQL> COL ROW_TYPE FOR A10;
SQL> COL OPERATION FOR A10;
SQL> COL COMMAND_ID FOR A20;
SQL> COL STATUS FOR A30;
SQL> COL OBJECT_TYPE FOR A16;
SQL> SELECT ROW_TYPE, COMMAND_ID, OPERATION, STATUS,OBJECT_TYPE
2 FROM V$RMAN_STATUS
3 WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE('2016-07-19 10:52:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS');

ROW_TYPE COMMAND_ID OPERATION STATUS OBJECT_TYPE
---------- -------------------- ---------- --------------------- ----------------
SESSION 2016-07-19T10:52:13 RMAN RUNNING WITH ERRORS

在RMAN中退出，此时你会看到STAUS记录从"RUNNING WITH ERRORS"变成了"COMPLETED WITH ERRORS"

clip_image002

也就是说，你可以在这个视图里面查看在RMAN里面执行的一些操作,例如删除归档日志等，另外，如果要查看RMAN的输出，可以查看V$RMAN_OUTPUT，V$RMAN_OUTPUT 视图记录了RMAN生成的信息，这是在内存中额视图，不会记录到控制文件上。最多有37278条记录.

当然也可以从V$RMAN_BACKUP_JOB_DETAILS中查看RMAN备份更详细的信息。

SELECT START_TIME,
END_TIME,
OUTPUT_DEVICE_TYPE,
STATUS,
ELAPSED_SECONDS,
COMPRESSION_RATIO,
INPUT_BYTES_DISPLAY,
OUTPUT_BYTES_DISPLAY
FROM V$RMAN_BACKUP_JOB_DETAILS
ORDER BY START_TIME DESC ;

另外，如果我们需要查看RMAN备份的一些详细记录，在惜分飞的通过sql查询rman备份信息博客里面分享了下面一些经典的SQL语句。收录在此。

查看所有备份集详细信息：

SELECT A.RECID "BACKUP SET",
A.SET_STAMP,
DECODE (B.INCREMENTAL_LEVEL,
'', DECODE (BACKUP_TYPE, 'L', 'Archivelog', 'Full'),
1, 'Incr-1级',
0, 'Incr-0级',
B.INCREMENTAL_LEVEL)
"Type LV",
B.CONTROLFILE_INCLUDED "包含CTL",
DECODE (A.STATUS,
'A', 'AVAILABLE',
'D', 'DELETED',
'X', 'EXPIRED',
'ERROR')
"STATUS",
A.DEVICE_TYPE "Device Type",
A.START_TIME "Start Time",
A.COMPLETION_TIME "Completion Time",
A.ELAPSED_SECONDS "Elapsed Seconds",
A.BYTES/1024/1024/1024 "Size(G)",
A.COMPRESSED,
A.TAG "Tag",
A.HANDLE "Path"
FROM GV$BACKUP_PIECE A, GV$BACKUP_SET B
WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
RDER BY A.COMPLETION_TIME DESC;

查找某个备份集中包含数据文件

SELECT DISTINCT c.file#,A.SET_STAMP, D.NAME, C.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#, C.CHECKPOINT_TIME
FROM V$BACKUP_DATAFILE C, V$BACKUP_PIECE A, V$DATAFILE D
WHERE A.SET_STAMP = C.SET_STAMP
AND D.FILE# = C.FILE#
AND A.DELETED='NO'
AND c.set_stamp=&set_stamp
ORDER BY C.FILE#;

查询某个备份集中控制文件

SELECT DISTINCT A.SET_STAMP,
D.NAME,
C.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,
C.CHECKPOINT_TIME
FROM V$BACKUP_DATAFILE C, V$BACKUP_PIECE A, V$CONTROLFILE D
WHERE A.SET_STAMP = C.SET_STAMP
AND C.FILE# = 0
AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
AND C.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP;

查看某个备份集中归档日志:

SELECT DISTINCT B.SET_STAMP,
B.THREAD#,
B.SEQUENCE#,
B.FIRST_TIME,
B.FIRST_CHANGE#,
B.NEXT_TIME,
B.NEXT_CHANGE#
FROM V$BACKUP_REDOLOG B, V$BACKUP_PIECE A
WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP
AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
AND B.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP
ORDER BY THREAD#, SEQUENCE#;

查看某个备份集SPFILE

SELECT DISTINCT A.SET_STAMP, B.COMPLETION_TIME, HANDLE
FROM V$BACKUP_SPFILE B, V$BACKUP_PIECE A
WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP
AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
AND B.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP;

查看RMAN的配置信息

SELECT NAME,VALUE FROM V$RMAN_CONFIGURATION;