王高利：Redis运维之常用命令操作

在平时的工作中，需要根据需求对Redis数据库进行一些操作。

可以参考Redis官网http://redis.io/commands 进行详细了解

1.SELECT 切换数据库

redis 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> HELP SELECT   SELECT index  summary: Change the selected database for the current connection  since: 1.0.0  group: connection redis 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> SELECT 2OK

2.LLEN 得到一个列表的长度

redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> HELP LLEN   LLEN key  summary: Get the length of a list  since: 1.0.0  group: list redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> LLEN bi(integer) 412

3.LRANGE 获取一个列表的所有元素

LRANGE 索引是以0开始的，0表示第一个元素，-1表示最后一个元素

  LRANGE key start stop  summary: Get a range of elements from a list  since: 1.0.0  group: list redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> LRANGE bi 0 5

4.LPUSH 将一个或多个值添加到一个列表的开头

redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> HELP LPUSH   LPUSH key value [value ...]  summary: Prepend one or multiple values to a list  since: 1.0.0  group: list redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> LPUSH bi http://abc.com/logUserLogin?event_id=25&uid=de721bcef5cba1fc182d18

5.RPUSH 将一个或多个值追加到一个列表的末尾

redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> HELP RPUSH   RPUSH key value [value ...]  summary: Append one or multiple values to a list  since: 1.0.0  group: list redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> RPUSH bi http://abc.com/logUserLogin?event_id=25&uid=de721bcef5cba1fc182d18

6.SAVE 同步数据到磁盘

SAVE命令执行的时候会阻塞连接，所以生成环境最好使用BGSAVE命令

redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> HELP SAVE   SAVE -  summary: Synchronously save the dataset to disk  since: 1.0.0  group: server redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> SAVEOK(1.33s)

7.BGSAVE 异步数据到磁盘

使用BGSAVE,Redis将会在后台执行保存数据的操作，不影响正常的客户端连接，Redis将会fork出一个子进程用于保存数据，父进程继续处理客户端请求。

redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> HELP BGSAVE   BGSAVE -  summary: Asynchronously save the dataset to disk  since: 1.0.0  group: server redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> BGSAVEBackground saving started

8.TYPE 判断一个KEY的类型

redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> HELP TYPE   TYPE key  summary: Determine the type stored at key  since: 1.0.0  group: generic redis 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> TYPE bilist

9.BGREWRITEAOF

异步重写AOF文件，Redis将会创建一个对当前AOF文件优化过的AOF版本。

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help BGREWRITEAOF   BGREWRITEAOF -  summary: Asynchronously rewrite the append-only file  since: 1.0.0  group: server

10.CONFIG GET

获取某个配置项的值

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help config get   CONFIG GET parameter  summary: Get the value of a configuration parameter  since: 2.0.0  group: server redis 127.0.0.1:6379> config get maxmemory1) "maxmemory"2) "0"

11.CONFIG SET

设置某个参数的值

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help config set   CONFIG SET parameter value  summary: Set a configuration parameter to the given value  since: 2.0.0  group: server redis 127.0.0.1:6379> config set maxmemory 200000000OK

12.DBSIZE

返回当前数据库的KEY值得数量

redis 127.0.0.1:6379[3]> HELP DBSIZE   DBSIZE -  summary: Return the number of keys in the selected database  since: 1.0.0  group: server redis 127.0.0.1:6379[3]> dbsize(integer) 12502

13.DEL

删除一个KEY值

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help del   DEL key [key ...]  summary: Delete a key  since: 1.0.0  group: generic redis 127.0.0.1:6379> del foo(integer) 1

14.EXISTS

检查一个KEY是否存在

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help exists   EXISTS key  summary: Determine if a key exists  since: 1.0.0  group: generic redis 127.0.0.1:6379> exists foo(integer) 1

15.SET 命令

设置一个KEY的值

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help set   SET key value  summary: Set the string value of a key  since: 1.0.0  group: string redis 127.0.0.1:6379> set foo testOKredis 127.0.0.1:6379>

16.PERSIST

删除一个KEY的过期时间

edis 127.0.0.1:6379> help persist   PERSIST key  summary: Remove the expiration from a key  since: 2.2.0  group: generic

17.RENAME

重新命名一个KEY

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help rename   RENAME key newkey  summary: Rename a key  since: 1.0.0  group: generic redis 127.0.0.1:6379> rename foo footestOKredis 127.0.0.1:6379>

18.EXPIRE

为一个KEY设置一个TTL过期时间

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help expire   EXPIRE key seconds  summary: Set a key's time to live in seconds  since: 1.0.0  group: generic redis 127.0.0.1:6379> expire footest 300(integer) 1

19.TTL

获取过期时间

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help ttl   TTL key  summary: Get the time to live for a key  since: 1.0.0  group: generic redis 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl footest(integer) 289redis 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl footest(integer) 285redis 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl footest(integer) 283redis 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl footest(integer) 282redis 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl footest(integer) 282redis 127.0.0.1:6379>

20.EXPIREAT

设置一个KEY的过期时间，以UNIX时间戳表示

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help expireat   EXPIREAT key timestamp  summary: Set the expiration for a key as a UNIX timestamp  since: 1.2.0  group: generic redis 127.0.0.1:6379> expireat foo 1431532800(integer) 1redis 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl foo(integer) 3210141

21.GET

获取一个KEY的值

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help get   GET key  summary: Get the value of a key  since: 1.0.0  group: string redis 127.0.0.1:6379> get foo"test"

22.HGET

获取一个哈希字段的值

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help hget   HGET key field  summary: Get the value of a hash field  since: 2.0.0  group: hash redis 127.0.0.1:6379> hset myhash field1 "foo"(integer) 1redis 127.0.0.1:6379> hget myhash field1"foo"redis 127.0.0.1:6379> hget myhash field2(nil)redis 127.0.0.1:6379>

23.LASTSAVE

上次成功保存数据到磁盘的UNIX时间戳

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help lastsave   LASTSAVE -  summary: Get the UNIX time stamp of the last successful save to disk  since: 1.0.0  group: server redis 127.0.0.1:6379> lastsave(integer) 1428373205redis 127.0.0.1:6379>

24.LPUSH

将一个或多个值附加到一个Redis列表中

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> help lpush   LPUSH key value [value ...]  summary: Prepend one or multiple values to a list  since: 1.0.0  group: list         redis 127.0.0.1:6379> lpush mylist a b c(integer) 6redis 127.0.0.1:6379> LRANGE mylist  0 -11) "c"2) "b"3) "a"4) "c"5) "b"6) "a"redis 127.0.0.1:6379> llen mylist(integer) 6