extrabackup

1.centos7 安装（centos6 去官方下载相应版本即可）

wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4.7/binary/redhat/7/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.7-2.el7.x86_64.rpmyum  localinstall  percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.7-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

2.使用备份（全备份）

innobackupex   --user=root --password=123456  /home/backupdb/[root@master 2017-07-17_01-55-14]# pwd/home/backupdb/2017-07-17_01-55-14[root@master 2017-07-17_01-55-14]# lltotal 18456-rw-r----- 1 root root      417 Jul 17 01:55 backup-my.cnf-rw-r----- 1 root root 18874368 Jul 17 01:55 ibdata1drwxr-x--- 2 root root     4096 Jul 17 01:55 mysqldrwxr-x--- 2 root root     4096 Jul 17 01:55 performance_schemadrwxr-x--- 2 root root       19 Jul 17 01:55 test-rw-r----- 1 root root      113 Jul 17 01:55 xtrabackup_checkpoints-rw-r----- 1 root root      432 Jul 17 01:55 xtrabackup_info-rw-r----- 1 root root     2560 Jul 17 01:55 xtrabackup_logfile[root@master 2017-07-17_01-55-14]# 生成备份日志innobackupex   --user=root --password=123456  --apply-log  /home/backupdb/2017-07-17_01-52-14[root@master 2017-07-17_01-55-14]# lltotal 49172-rw-r----- 1 root root      417 Jul 17 01:55 backup-my.cnf-rw-r----- 1 root root 18874368 Jul 17 01:56 ibdata1-rw-r----- 1 root root  5242880 Jul 17 01:56 ib_logfile0-rw-r----- 1 root root  5242880 Jul 17 01:56 ib_logfile1-rw-r----- 1 root root 12582912 Jul 17 01:56 ibtmp1drwxr-x--- 2 root root     4096 Jul 17 01:55 mysqldrwxr-x--- 2 root root     4096 Jul 17 01:55 performance_schemadrwxr-x--- 2 root root       19 Jul 17 01:55 test-rw-r----- 1 root root      113 Jul 17 01:56 xtrabackup_checkpoints-rw-r----- 1 root root      432 Jul 17 01:55 xtrabackup_info-rw-r----- 1 root root  8388608 Jul 17 01:56 xtrabackup_logfile

3.还原（全部还原）

[root@master 2017-07-17_01-55-14]# ps -ef |grep mysql mysql      2434      1  0 01:47 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usrmysql      2591   2434  0 01:47 ?        00:00:00 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log --pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sockroot       2879   2126  0 01:57 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql[root@master 2017-07-17_01-55-14]# cd  /var/lib/mysql/[root@master mysql]# lsaria_log.00000001  aria_log_control  ibdata1  ib_logfile0  ib_logfile1  mysql  mysql.sock  performance_schema  test[root@master mysql]# lltotal 28700-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    16384 Jul 17 01:47 aria_log.00000001-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       52 Jul 17 01:47 aria_log_control-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Jul 17 01:47 ibdata1-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 Jul 17 01:47 ib_logfile0-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 Jul 17 01:47 ib_logfile1drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jul 17 01:47 mysqlsrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql        0 Jul 17 01:47 mysql.sockdrwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jul 17 01:47 performance_schemadrwx------ 2 mysql mysql        6 Jul 17 01:47 test[root@master mysql]# rm -rf test[root@master mysql]# [root@master mysql]# systemctl  stop  mariadb[root@master mysql]# rm  -rf  /var/lib/mysql/*还原并启动数据库 innobackupex   --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf  --copy-back  /home/backupdb/2017-07-17_01-55-14/ 默认还原过来的数据是root权限 数据库启动不起来 chown  -R  mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql [root@master mysql]# systemctl  start   mariadb  [root@master mysql]# mysql  -uroot -p123456Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MariaDB connection id is 2Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB ServerCopyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.MariaDB [(none)]> MariaDB [(none)]> show  databases;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema || test               |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> 数据全部回来

4.增量备份

mkdir  -p  /home/backupdb/{1,2,3}[root@master backupdb]# innobackupex  --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root  --password=123456  /home/backupdb/1/如果数据库有改动可以增量备份innobackupex  --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --incremental /home/backupdb/2/ --incremental-basedir=/home/backupdb/1/2017-07-17_02-16-32/ --user=root --password=123456--incremental 增量备份到那个目录--incremental-basedir 基于哪个目录进行增量备份假如数据库再次修改innobackupex  --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --incremental /home/backupdb/3/ --incremental-basedir=/home/backupdb/2/2017-07-17_02-19-47/ --user=root --password=123456

5.增量备份的数据恢复

1. 先恢复第一次全被的数据

innobackupex   --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf  --copy-back  /home/backupdb/1/2017-07-17_02-16-32/

2.增量恢复

innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only  /home/backupdb/1/2017-07-17_02-16-32/innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /home/backupdb/1/2017-07-17_02-16-32/  --incremental-dir=/home/backupdb/2/2017-07-17_02-19-47/innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /home/backupdb/1/2017-07-17_02-16-32/  --incremental-dir=/home/backupdb/3/2017-07-17_02-23-41/

3.恢复数据

innobackupex --copy-back /home/backupdb/1/2017-07-17_02-16-32/

4.可以看出数据已经回来

[root@master mysql]# ll /var/lib/mysql/total 18444-rw-r----- 1 root root 18874368 Jul 17 02:41 ibdata1drwxr-x--- 2 root root     4096 Jul 17 02:41 mysqldrwxr-x--- 2 root root     4096 Jul 17 02:41 performance_schemadrwxr-x--- 2 root root       19 Jul 17 02:41 testdrwxr-x--- 2 root root       19 Jul 17 02:41 test02-rw-r----- 1 root root      542 Jul 17 02:41 xtrabackup_info[root@master mysql]# chown  -R  mysql.mysql  *[root@master mysql]#

5.启动数据库

[root@master lib]# systemctl start mariadb [root@master lib]# mysql  -uroot  -p123456Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MariaDB connection id is 2Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB ServerCopyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema || test               || test02             |+--------------------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]>

extrabackup备份的时候 备份mysql的时候安装不兼容 这次
我是备份的mariadb