安装Postgresql12.1的详细步骤

这篇文章主要介绍"安装Postgresql12.1的详细步骤"，在日常操作中，相信很多人在安装Postgresql12.1的详细步骤问题上存在疑惑，小编查阅了各式资料，整理出简单好用的操作方法，希望对大家解答"安装Postgresql12.1的详细步骤"的疑惑有所帮助！接下来，请跟着小编一起来学习吧！

1、上传安装包

# cd /usr/src# rz# tar -zxvf postgresql-12.1.tar.gz# rm -rf postgresql-12.1.tar.gz

2、添加第三方插件

下载地址： https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/contrib.html

# cd /usr/src/postgresql-12.1/contrib/# rz# unzip zhparser-master.zip# rm -rf zhparser-master.zip

3、安装postgresql依赖库

# sudo apt-get install -y gcc libreadline-dev zlib1g zlib1g.dev make

4、安装

# cd /usr/src/postgresql-12.1/# ./configure --prefix=/opt/pgsql12.1/ --with-wal-blocksize=32 --with-blocksize=32# make world# make install-world

5、添加用户配置环境变量

# useradd postgres -m# passwd postgres# su - postgres$ vi ~/.profileexport PGPORT=8899export PGDATA=/home/postgres/pgsql12.1/pg_rootexport LANG=en_US.utf8export PGHOME=/opt/pgsql12.1/export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATHexport DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"`export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH:.export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATHexport PGUSER=postgresexport PGHOST=$PGDATAalias rm='rm -i'alias ll='ls -lh'export PGDATABASE=center$ exit# reboot 或者 source ~/.profile#  usermod -s /bin/bash postgres# su - postgres$ mkdir -p /home/postgres/pgsql12.1/pg_root$ initdb -D $PGDATA -E UTF8 --locale=C -U postgres -W # 这里需要输入两次密码

6、修改内核参数

$ su - root# vi /etc/sysctl.confkernel.shmmax = 68719476736kernel.shmall = 4294967296kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 50100 64128000 50100 1280fs.file-max = 7672460net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65000net.core.rmem_default = 1048576net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048576# sysctl -p# vi /etc/security/limits.conf* soft nofile 131072* hard nofile 131072* soft nproc 131072* hard nproc 131072* soft core unlimited* hard core unlimited* soft memlock 50000000* hard memlock 50000000

7、关闭防火墙

# sudo ufw status verboseStatus: activeLogging: on (low)Default: deny (incoming), allow (outgoing), disabled (routed)New profiles: skip# sudo ufw disableFirewall stopped and disabled on system startup# sudo ufw status verboseStatus: inactive

8、配置pg_hba.conf

$ cd $PGDATA$ vi pg_hba.conf 添加允许访问的IP段host all all 192.168.0.0/16 md5host all all 10.10.0.0/16 md5

9、配置 postgresql.conf

listen_addresses = '0.0.0.0'port = 7788max_connections = 100superuser_reserved_connections = 13unix_socket_directories = '.'unix_socket_permissions = 0700tcp_keepalives_idle = 60 tcp_keepalives_interval = 10tcp_keepalives_count = 10shared_buffers = 128MBvacuum_cost_delay = 10bgwriter_delay = 10mswal_writer_delay = 10mslog_destination = 'csvlog' logging_collector = on log_directory = 'pg_log'log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log'log_file_mode = 0600log_truncate_on_rotation = onlog_rotation_age = 1dlog_rotation_size = 10MBlog_checkpoints = onlog_connections = onlog_disconnections = onlog_error_verbosity = verboselog_timezone = 'Asia/Shanghai'

10、启动数据库

$ pg_ctl start [-d $PGDATA]

11、进入数据库

$ psql -h 127.0.0.1 -p 7788 -U postgres postgres

12、停止数据库

$ pg_ctl stop [-m fast|smart|immediate][-d $PGDATA]

13、安装Pgadmin

# sudo apt update -y && sudo apt upgrade -y # sudo apt-get install -y pgadmin4 pgadmin4-apache2

访问：http://ip:端口/pgadmin4/

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