Oracle数据库的冷备

      1.编写备份脚本通过操作系统的命令来实现的备份机制：cp、scp1.1查询所有的文件所在位置（数据文件，控制文件，参数文件，重做日志文件，密码文件）SYS@orcl11g> select name from v$datafile  2  union  3  select name from v$controlfile  4  union  5  select member from v$logfile;1.2创建备份的路径        SYS@orcl11g> host mkdir /u01/app/backup        1.3通过select语句构建拷贝脚本        SYS@orcl11g> set trim on            截取掉不必要的空格        SYS@orcl11g> set trims on           每个行的空格        SYS@orcl11g> set heading off          去掉标题        SYS@orcl11g> set echo off                 去掉反馈        SYS@orcl11g> set feedback off 去掉回显        SYS@orcl11g> set term off                 关闭终端信息        SYS@orcl11g> spool /home/oracle/cp.sql                SYS@orcl11g>select  'cp '||name||' /u01/app/backup' from v$datafile                                                                union                                select  'cp ' ||name|| ' /u01/app/backup' from v$controlfile                                    union                                    select  'cp '||member||' /u01/app/backup' from v$logfile        +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++                SYS@orcl11g> select 'cp ' || name || ' /u01/app/backup/' from v$datafile;                  --只备份数据文件        +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++        cp /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl11g/control02.ctl /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/control01.ctl /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo02.log /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf /home/backup        [oracle@db253 ~]$ spool off        [oracle@db253 ~]$ vi cp.sql         [oracle@db253 ~]$ cat cp.sql         cp /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl11g/control02.ctl /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/control01.ctl /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo02.log /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf /home/backup        cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf /home/backup        [oracle@db253 ~]$ chmod +x cp.sqlawk构建命令：ls -lSr /test | awk '{print "mv " $NF" /tmp/test/t"NR".conf"}' | bash2.停止数据库sql> shutdown immediate;3.拷贝数据文件[oracle@db253 ~]$ /home/oracle/cp.sql --执行脚本4.开启数据库sql> startup;