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MySQL中怎么实现表分区功能

发表于：2026-11-01 作者：千家信息网编辑

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月01日，今天就跟大家聊聊有关MySQL中怎么实现表分区功能，可能很多人都不太了解，为了让大家更加了解，小编给大家总结了以下内容，希望大家根据这篇文章可以有所收获。MySQL表分区功能基础创建分区表CREATE

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月01日MySQL中怎么实现表分区功能

今天就跟大家聊聊有关MySQL中怎么实现表分区功能，可能很多人都不太了解，为了让大家更加了解，小编给大家总结了以下内容，希望大家根据这篇文章可以有所收获。

　MySQL表分区功能基础
　　创建分区表
　　CREATE TABLE `表名` (
　　`EQUIPMENTID` char(17) NOT NULL,
　　`ATTRIBUTEID` char(4) NOT NULL,
　　`VALUE` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
　　`COLLECTTIME` datetime NOT NULL
　　)
　　ENGINE=InnoDB (适用大部分引擎,可根据需要调整)
　　DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk(编码可根据需要修改)
　　PARTITION BY RANGE (to_days(COLLECTTIME))
　　(PARTITION pmin VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-01-01')),
　　PARTITION p201001 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-02-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201002 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-03-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201003 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-04-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201004 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-05-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201005 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-06-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201006 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-07-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201007 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-08-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201008 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-09-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201009 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-10-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201010 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-11-01')),
　　PARTITION p201011 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-12-01')),
　　PARTITION p201012 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-01-01')),
　　PARTITION p201101 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-02-01')),
　　PARTITION p201102 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-03-01')),
　　PARTITION p201103 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-04-01')),
　　PARTITION p201104 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-05-01')),
　　PARTITION p201105 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-06-01')),
　　PARTITION p201106 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-07-01')),
　　PARTITION p201107 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-08-01')),
　　PARTITION p201108 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-09-01')),
　　PARTITION p201109 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-10-01')),
　　PARTITION p201110 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-11-01')),
　　PARTITION p201111 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-12-01')),
　　PARTITION p201112 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2012-01-01')),
　　PARTITION pmax VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE );
　　为现有表创建分区
　　alter table 表名
　　PARTITION BY RANGE (to_days(COLLECTTIME))
　　(PARTITION pmin VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-01-01')),
　　PARTITION p201001 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-02-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201002 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-03-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201003 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-04-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201004 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-05-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201005 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-06-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201006 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-07-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201007 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-08-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201008 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-09-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201009 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-10-01')) ,
　　PARTITION p201010 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-11-01')),
　　PARTITION p201011 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2010-12-01')),
　　PARTITION p201012 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-01-01')),
　　PARTITION p201101 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-02-01')),
　　PARTITION p201102 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-03-01')),
　　PARTITION p201103 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-04-01')),
　　PARTITION p201104 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-05-01')),
　　PARTITION p201105 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-06-01')),
　　PARTITION p201106 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-07-01')),
　　PARTITION p201107 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-08-01')),
　　PARTITION p201108 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-09-01')),
　　PARTITION p201109 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-10-01')),
　　PARTITION p201110 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-11-01')),
　　PARTITION p201111 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2011-12-01')),
　　PARTITION p201112 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2012-01-01')),
　　PARTITION pmax VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE );
　　如果表中已有数据,分区时会自动进行分区存储,不必担心数据丢失或者手动分类数据.
　　删除表中的指定分区
　　ALTER TABLE 表名 DROP PARTITION 分区名;
　　追加表分区
　　ALTER TABLE 表名 DROP PARTITION pmax;
　　ALTER TABLE 表名
　　ADD PARTITION (
　　PARTITION p201201 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days('2012-2-1')),
　　PARTITION pmax VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE);
　　查看标分区信息
　　SELECT
　　partition_name part,
　　partition_expression expr,
　　partition_description descr,
　　table_rows
　　FROM
　　INFORMATION_SCHEMA.partitions
　　WHERE
　　TABLE_SCHEMA = schema()
　　AND TABLE_NAME='表名';
　　查看查询语句涉及分区信息
　　explain partitions
　　select … from 表名 where …;
　　该操作只查看查询语句相关的分区信息,不会返回查询结果.