在Linux上安装Oracle11gR2-手工建库

一、修改oracle用户环境变量

[oracle@oracle ~]$ su - oracle[oracle@oracle ~]$ vim .bash_profile

# .bash_profile# Get the aliases and functionsif [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then    . ~/.bashrcfi# User specific environment and startup programsexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1export ORACLE_SID=ORACLEDBexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/libexport CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlibPATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport PATH

[oracle@oracle ~]$ source .bash_profile

二、启动监听

[oracle@oracle ~]$ lsnrctl start

三、手工建库

1、创建Oracle数据目录：

  1: [oracle@oracle ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/ORACLEDB  2: [oracle@oracle ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/ORACLEDB  3: [oracle@oracle ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area

2、创建Oracle的口令认证

  1: [oracle@oracle ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs  2: [oracle@oracle dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwORACLEDB password=oracle entries=30

3、创建初始化参数文件

a、以官方参数文件为模板创建初始化参数文件

  1: [oracle@oracle ~]cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs  2: [oracle@oracle ~]cat init.ora |grep -v ^#|grep -v ^$> initORACLEDB.ora

b、修改初始化参数文件

修改前：

db_name='ORCL'  memory_target=1G  processes = 150  audit_file_dest='/admin/orcl/adump'  audit_trail ='db'  db_block_size=8192  db_domain=''  db_recovery_file_dest='/flash_recovery_area'  db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G  diagnostic_dest=''  dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)'  open_cursors=300  remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'  undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'  # You may want to ensure that control files are created on separate physical  # devices  control_files = (ora_control1, ora_control2)  compatible ='11.2.0'

在vim末行命令的编辑状态中输入

  1: :%s#orcl#ORACLEDB#gi里面替换的orcl的字符串。其中i命令不区分大小写。  2: :%s#ora_control1#/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/control01.ctl#g替换ora_control1的字符串。  3: :%s#ora_control2#/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/control02.ctl#g替换ora_control2的字符串。  4: :%s##/u01/app/oracle#g替换的字符串。  5: :wq命令保存配置

修改后：

db_name='ORACLEDB'  memory_target=1G  processes = 150  audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/ORACLEDB/adump'  audit_trail ='db'  db_block_size=8192  db_domain=''  db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'  db_recovery_file_dest_size=2Gdiagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORACLEDBXDB)'open_cursors=300remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'# You may want to ensure that control files are created on separate physical# devicescontrol_files = (/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/control01.ctl, /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/control02.ctl)compatible ='11.2.0'

4、连接数据库实例

  1: 命令文件连接：  2: [oracle@oracle ~]sqlplus sys/oracle as sysdba  3: SYS@>create spfile from pfile;

5、启动实例

  1: SYS@>startup nomount

6、在当前目录创建create database语句创建数据库

CREATE DATABASE ORACLEDBUSER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracleUSER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracleLOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo01a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo02a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo03a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512MAXLOGFILES 5MAXLOGMEMBERS 5MAXLOGHISTORY 1MAXDATAFILES 100CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCALDATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSESYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSEDEFAULT TABLESPACE usersDATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/users01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITEDDEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/temp01.dbf'SIZE 20M REUSEUNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/undotbs01.dbf'SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

给文件授予权限,并执行脚本：

  1: [oracle@oracle dbs]chmod 755 create_database.sql  2: [oracle@oracle dbs]sqlplus / as sysdba  3: SYS@>@create_database.sql  4: Database created.

7、执行脚本并构建数据字典视图

  1: [oracle@oracle ~] sqlplus / as sysdba  2: SYS@>@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql  3: SYS@>@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql  4: SYS@>@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

8、使用system用户登录，执行脚本

  1: [oracle@oracle ~]sqlplus system/oracle  2: SYSTEM@> @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql

四、验证数据库，是否正常：

1:[oracle@oracle ~]sqlplus / as sysdba2:SYS@>select INSTANCE_NAME,STATUS from v$instance;  INSTANCE_NAME    STATUS  ---------------- ------------  OEACLEDB         OPEN