如何创建mongodb用户与角色使用
本篇文章为大家展示了如何创建mongodb用户与角色使用，内容简明扼要并且容易理解，绝对能使你眼前一亮，通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。
一.mongodb内部角色
1.数据库用户角色
read --读取数据库对像的权限
readWrite --读取和修改数据库对像权限
2.数据库管理角色
dbAdmin --执行管理任务角色
dbOwner --数据库所有者,可以对数据库所有操作
userAdmin --当前数据库上创建,修改角色和用户功能
3.集群管理角色
clusterAdmin --集群管理员
clusterManager --管理集群和监控
clusterMonitor --监控集群和只读访问
hostManager --监控和管理服务器功能
4.备份恢复角色
backup --备份数据最小权限
restore --恢复权限
5.所有数据库角色
readAnyDatabase --只读所有数据库角色
readWriteAnyDatabase --读写所有数据库
userAdminAnyDatabase --除local之外的所有数据库相同的用户管理操作访问权限
dbAdminAnyDatabase --除local之外的所有数据库相同的权限
6.超级用户角色
root --提供所有资源readWriteAnyDatabase,dbAdminAnyDatabase,userAdminAnyDatabase,clusterAdmin,restore,backup
7.内部角色
__system --提供对数据库中的任何对象执行任何操作的权限
二.自定义角色
1.自定义角色格式
{ role: "", privileges: [ { resource: { }, actions: [ "", ... ] }, ... ], roles: [ { role: "", db: "" } | "", ... ], authenticationRestrictions: [ { clientSource: ["" | "", ...], serverAddress: ["" | "", ...] }, ... ]} 2.自定义角色(对config库所有表可以增删改查,对users库usersCollection表更新,插入,删除,对所有数据库有查找权限)
> use adminswitched to db admin> db.createRole( { role: "wuhan123", --角色名 privileges: [ { resource: { db: "config", collection: "" }, actions: [ "find", "update", "insert", "remove" ] }, { resource: { db: "users", collection: "usersCollection" }, actions: [ "update", "insert", "remove" ] }, { resource: { db: "", collection: "" }, actions: [ "find" ] } ], roles: [ { role: "read", db: "admin" } ] })>3.列出角色和删除角色
> db.getRole("wuhan123") --显示单个角色信息(wuhan123是角色名){"role" : "wuhan123","db" : "admin","isBuiltin" : false,"roles" : [{"role" : "read","db" : "admin"}],"inheritedRoles" : [{"role" : "read","db" : "admin"}]}> db.getRoles() --显示当前库所有角色[ { "role" : "wuhan123", "db" : "admin", "isBuiltin" : false, "roles" : [ { "role" : "read", "db" : "admin" } ], "inheritedRoles" : [ { "role" : "read", "db" : "admin" } ] }]> db.dropRole("wuhan123"); --删除角色true> db.dropAllRoles(); --删除所有角色NumberLong(1)>三.创建用户并使用角色
1.创建用户格式
{ user: "", pwd: "", customData: { }, roles: [ { role: "", db: "" } | "", ... ], authenticationRestrictions: [ { clientSource: ["" | "", ...] serverAddress: ["" | "", ...] }, ... ], mechanisms: [ "", ... ], passwordDigestor: ""} 2.创建用户使用角色
> use tong --进入数据库switched to db tong > db.createUser( ... {... user: "u_tong", --指定用户名... pwd: "system123", --指定密码... roles: [ "readWrite", "dbAdmin" ] --使用数据库中的角色... }... )Successfully added user: { "user" : "u_tong", "roles" : [ "readWrite", "dbAdmin" ] }>2.创建用户指定来源IP和目标IP
> use tongswitched to db tong> db.createUser( { user: "u1_tong", --用户名 pwd: "system123", --密码 roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "tong" } ], --角色 authenticationRestrictions: [ { clientSource: ["192.168.1.10"], --客户端IP serverAddress: ["192.168.1.20"] --服务端IP } ] })>3.查看用户和删除用户
> db.getUsers(); --查看当前数据库所有用户[{"_id" : "tong.u1_tong","user" : "u1_tong","db" : "tong","roles" : [{"role" : "readWrite","db" : "tong"}],"mechanisms" : ["SCRAM-SHA-1","SCRAM-SHA-256"]},{"_id" : "tong.u_tong","user" : "u_tong","db" : "tong","roles" : [{"role" : "readWrite","db" : "tong"},{"role" : "dbAdmin","db" : "tong"}],"mechanisms" : ["SCRAM-SHA-1","SCRAM-SHA-256"]}]> db.getUser("u_tong"); --查看指定用户{ "_id" : "tong.u_tong", "user" : "u_tong", "db" : "tong", "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "tong" }, { "role" : "dbAdmin", "db" : "tong" } ], "mechanisms" : [ "SCRAM-SHA-1", "SCRAM-SHA-256" ]}> db.dropUser("u_tong"); --删除单个用户true> db.dropAllUsers(); --删除当前库所有用户NumberLong(1)>4.将角色授权给用户
> db.grantRolesToUser( "u_tong",[ "readWrite" , { role: "read", db: "tong" } ],> )上述内容就是如何创建mongodb用户与角色使用，你们学到知识或技能了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或者丰富自己的知识储备，欢迎关注行业资讯频道。
