使用Goldengate 实现Oracle for Oracle 单向数据同步

实验环境

数据源端： host1 ip 192.168.199.163

数据目标端： host2 ip 192.168.199.104

两台机器都安装 http://lqding.blog.51cto.com/9123978/1694971 文中描述安装配置好了Goldengate 。

要实现数据的同步，Oracle源端必须满足如下设置

1. Oracle需要运行在归档模式下
   

SQL> startup mount ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area  835104768 bytesFixed Size             2217952 bytesVariable Size                574621728 bytesDatabase Buffers     255852544 bytesRedo Buffers                   2412544 bytesDatabase mounted.SQL> alter database archivelog;Database altered.SQL> alter database open;Database altered.

2. 开启日志附加属性

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA;Database altered.SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;System altered.

ogg安装目录下提供了一些demo的sql

[oracle@localhost ogg]$ ls demo_ora_*demo_ora_create.sql  demo_ora_insert.sql  demo_ora_lob_create.sql  demo_ora_misc.sql  demo_ora_pk_befores_create.sql  demo_ora_pk_befores_insert.sql  demo_ora_pk_befores_updates.sql

我们使用demo_ora_create.sql在源和目的端都创建两张表，在源端使用demo_ora_insert.sql插入数据。

host1

SQL> alter user scott identified by tiger account unlock;User altered.SQL> grant resource to scott;  #ggsci 登录数据库时需要该权限Grant succeeded.SQL> grant select any dictionary to scott; # add trandata时需要该权限Grant succeeded.SQL> conn scott/tigerConnected.SQL> @demo_ora_create.sqlSQL> @demo_ora_insert.sql

host2

SQL> alter user scott identified by tiger account unlock;User altered.SQL> grant resource to scott;  #ggsci 登录数据库时需要该权限Grant succeeded.SQL> grant select any dictionary to scott; # add trandata时需要该权限SQL> conn scott/tigerConnected.SQL> @demo_ora_create.sql

为需要同步的表，添加附加日志

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 1> dblogin userid scott, password tigerSuccessfully logged into database.GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 2> add trandata scott.tcustmerLogging of supplemental redo data enabled for table SCOTT.TCUSTMER.GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 3> add trandata scott.tcustordLogging of supplemental redo data enabled for table SCOTT.TCUSTORD.

一、初始化加载数据

在源端配置一个初始化Extract，用来同步表中现有数据

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 7> ADD EXTRACT EINILOAD, SOURCEISTABLEEXTRACT added.

ADD EXTRACT命令用来添加一个EXTRACT, EINILOAD为Extract的group name 。SOURCEISTABLE表示数据源为表。

查看Extract的信息

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 9> INFO EXTRACT *, TASKSEXTRACT    EINILOAD  Initialized   2015-09-11 15:25   Status STOPPEDCheckpoint Lag       Not AvailableLog Read Checkpoint  Not Available                     First Record         Record 0Task                 SOURCEISTABLE

配置初始化加载的捕获参数

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 10> edit params EINILOAD---- GoldenGate Initial Data Capture-- for TCUSTMER and TCUSTORD--EXTRACT EINILOADUSERID system, PASSWORD "oracle"RMTHOST 192.168.199.104, MGRPORT 7809RMTTASK REPLICAT, GROUP RINILOADTABLE SCOTT.TCUSTMER;TABLE SCOTT.TCUSTORD;

在目标端，配置一个REPLICAT

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 2> ADD REPLICAT RINILOAD, SPECIALRUNREPLICAT added.

查看REPLICAT信息

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 4> info replicat *, tasksREPLICAT   RINILOAD  Initialized   2015-08-22 14:18   Status STOPPEDCheckpoint Lag       00:00:00 (updated 00:02:50 ago)Log Read Checkpoint  Not AvailableTask                 SPECIALRUN

配置Replicat参数

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 5> edit params riniload---- GoldenGate Initial Load Delivery--REPLICAT RINILOADASSUMETARGETDEFSUSERID system, PASSWORD "oracle"DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/RINILOAD.dsc, PURGEMAP scott.*, TARGET scott.*;

启动Extract

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 11> start extract einiloadSending START request to MANAGER ...EXTRACT EINILOAD starting

查看日志

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 21> view report einiload

如果有报错，查找原因并解决

Processing table SCOTT.TCUSTMERProcessing table SCOTT.TCUSTORD************************************************************************                   ** Run Time Statistics **                         ************************************************************************Report at 2015-09-11 16:23:40 (activity since 2015-09-11 16:23:33)Output to RINILOAD:From Table SCOTT.TCUSTMER:       #                   inserts:         2       #                   updates:         0       #                   deletes:         0       #                  discards:         0From Table SCOTT.TCUSTORD:       #                   inserts:         2       #                   updates:         0       #                   deletes:         0       #                  discards:         0REDO Log Statistics  Bytes parsed                    0  Bytes output                  574

日志显示，已成功同步数据。

到目的库上验证

SQL> select count(*) from tcustmer;  COUNT(*)----------         2SQL> select count(*) from tcustord;  COUNT(*)----------         2

二、配置数据实时同步

源端，配置一个实时Extract

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 22> ADD EXTRACT EORAKK, TRANLOG, BEGIN NOW, THREADS 1EXTRACT added.

编辑Extract的参数文件

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 23> EDIT PARAMS EORAKK---- Change Capture parameter file to capture-- TCUSTMER and TCUSTORD Changes--EXTRACT EORAKKUSERID system, PASSWORD oracleRMTHOST 192.168.199.104, MGRPORT 7809RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/KKTABLE SCOTT.TCUSTMER;TABLE SCOTT.TCUSTORD;

为Extract添加远端tail file，也就是说这个tail file是在目的端生成的。

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 24> ADD RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/KK, EXTRACT EORAKK, MEGABYTES 5RMTTRAIL added.

验证结果

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 28> INFO RMTTRAIL *       Extract Trail: ./dirdat/KK             Extract: EORAKK               Seqno: 0                 RBA: 0           File Size: 5M

启动Extract 进程

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 29> start extract eorakkSending START request to MANAGER ...EXTRACT EORAKK starting

验证结果

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 30> INFO EXTRACT EORAKK, DETAILEXTRACT    EORAKK    Last Started 2015-09-11 17:07   Status RUNNINGCheckpoint Lag       00:00:00 (updated 00:00:01 ago)Log Read Checkpoint  Oracle Redo Logs                     2015-09-11 17:07:47  Thread 1, Seqno 25, RBA 36139008                     SCN 0.1174781 (1174781)  Target Extract Trails:  Remote Trail Name                                Seqno        RBA     Max MB  ./dirdat/KK                                          0       1050          5  Extract Source                          Begin             End               /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log  2015-09-11 16:58  2015-09-11 17:07  Not Available                           * Initialized *   2015-09-11 16:58Current directory    /u01/app/oggReport file          /u01/app/ogg/dirrpt/EORAKK.rptParameter file       /u01/app/ogg/dirprm/eorakk.prmCheckpoint file      /u01/app/ogg/dirchk/EORAKK.cpeProcess file         /u01/app/ogg/dirpcs/EORAKK.pceStdout file          /u01/app/ogg/dirout/EORAKK.outError log            /u01/app/ogg/ggserr.log

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 31> VIEW REPORT EORAKK

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 32> INFO ALLProgram     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since ChkptMANAGER     RUNNING                                           EXTRACT     RUNNING     EORAKK      00:00:00      00:00:06

目标端，配置REPLICAT

安装checkpoint表

配置checkpoint表的名称

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 33> EDIT PARAMS ./GLOBALSHECKPOINTTABLE system.ggschkpt

生成checkpoint表

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 1> DBLOGIN USERID system, PASSWORD oracleSuccessfully logged into database.GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 2> ADD CHECKPOINTTABLENo checkpoint table specified, using GLOBALS specification (system.ggschkpt)...Successfully created checkpoint table system.ggschkpt.GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 3>

添加Replicat

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 3> ADD REPLICAT RORAKK, EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/KKREPLICAT added.

创建Replicat的参数文件

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 4> EDIT PARAMS RORAKK---- Change Delivery parameter file to apply-- TCUSTMER and TCUSTORD Changes--REPLICAT RORAKKUSERID system, PASSWORD oracleHANDLECOLLISIONSASSUMETARGETDEFSDISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/RORAKK.DSC, PURGEMAP scott.tcustmer, TARGET scott.tcustmer;MAP scott.tcustord, TARGET scott.tcustord;

启动Replicat

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 5> start replicat rorakkSending START request to MANAGER ...REPLICAT RORAKK starting

验证结果

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 6> info replicat rorakkREPLICAT   RORAKK    Last Started 2015-08-22 15:49   Status RUNNINGCheckpoint Lag       00:00:00 (updated 00:00:08 ago)Log Read Checkpoint  File ./dirdat/KK000000                     First Record  RBA 1050

验证数据同步

在源数据库，执行如下脚本，对两个表进行insert、update、delete操作

[oracle@localhost ogg]$ sqlplus scott/tigerSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Sep 11 17:58:17 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Connected to:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing optionsSQL> @/u01/app/ogg/demo_ora_misc.sql

查看源表中的数据

SQL> select count(*) from tcustmer;  COUNT(*)----------         5SQL> select count(*) from tcustord;  COUNT(*)----------         3

查看目的表的数据

SQL> select count(*) from tcustmer;  COUNT(*)----------         5SQL> select count(*) from tcustord;  COUNT(*)----------         3

数据已同步

三、为同步添加data pump

如果没有data pump，Extract将Trail file写到远程机器上。如果为Extract配置了Data Pump。那么Extract将Trail file写到本地。然后Trail 文件由Data Pump传输到远端。

1. 先修改Extract的配置

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 1> info allProgram     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since ChkptMANAGER     RUNNING                                           EXTRACT     RUNNING     EORAKK      00:00:00      00:00:09    GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 2> stop extract eorakkSending STOP request to EXTRACT EORAKK ...Request processed.GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 3> edit params eorakk---- Change Capture parameter file to capture-- TCUSTMER and TCUSTORD Changes--EXTRACT EORAKKUSERID system, PASSWORD oracleRMTHOST 192.168.199.104, MGRPORT 7809EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/KKTABLE SCOTT.TCUSTMER;TABLE SCOTT.TCUSTORD;

将参数文件中的RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/kk 改为 EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/KK

2. 删除Extract的远程Trail

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 7> DELETE RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/KKDeleting extract trail ./dirdat/KK for extract EORAKK

3. 增加一个本地Trail

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 10> ADD EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/KK, EXTRACT eorakkEXTTRAIL added.

4. 新增Data pump

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 12> ADD EXTRACT EPMPKK, EXTTRAILSOURCE ./dirdat/KKEXTRACT added.

Data pump本质上也是一个Extract，只是类型不同而已

为data pump配置参数文件

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 14> edit params epmpkk---- Data Pump parameter file--EXTRACT EPMPKKPASSTHRURMTHOST 192.168.199.104, MGRPORT 7809RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/KKTABLE SCOTT.TCUSTMER;TABLE SCOTT.TCUSTORD;

为Data Pump添加远端Trail

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 15> add rmttrail ./dirdat/KK, EXTRACT EPMPKKRMTTRAIL added.

启动Extract、Data Pump

GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 16> start extract eorakkSending START request to MANAGER ...EXTRACT EORAKK startingGGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 17> start extract epmpkkSending START request to MANAGER ...EXTRACT EPMPKK starting

验证数据同步

在源端，删除两个表的内容

SQL> delete from tcustmer;5 rows deleted.SQL> delete from tcustord;3 rows deleted.SQL> commit;Commit complete.

查看目的端表内容

SQL> select * from tcustmer;no rows selectedSQL> select * from tcustord;no rows selected