CentOS6.5二进制文件安装MySQL5.6.39

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月02日CentOS6.5二进制文件安装MySQL5.6.39

CentOS6.5二进制文件安装MySQL5.6.39

准备工作
MySQ二进制安装Lmysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 准备( 官网下载 )

一、检查是否安装过MySQL并卸载
# 检查是否安装过MySQL
[root@csxf ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
# 删除所有MySQL
[root@csxf ~]# yum -y remove mysql*
二、上传镜像文件至：/usr/local，解压，移动
[root@csxf ~]# su - root

[root@csxf ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@csxf local]# tar -xzvf mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@csxf local]# mv mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql

三、添加MySQL用户和组赋予权限
#添加mysql用户和组
[root@csxf ~]# groupadd -g 101 dba
[root@csxf ~]# useradd -u 514 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin
[root@csxf ~]# id mysqladmin
#添加环境变量
[root@csxf local]# cp /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/mysql

四、配置my.cnf及修改权限
#默认配置文件所在位置 /etc/my.cnf

1. [client]
2. port = 3306
3. socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
4. [mysqld]
5. port = 3306
6. socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
7. skip-external-locking
8. key_buffer_size = 256M
9. sort_buffer_size = 2M
10. read_buffer_size = 2M
11. read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
12. query_cache_size= 32M
13. max_allowed_packet = 16M
14. myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M
15. tmp_table_size=32M
16. table_open_cache = 512
17. thread_cache_size = 8
18. wait_timeout = 86400
19. interactive_timeout = 86400
20. max_connections = 600
21. # Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
22. thread_concurrency = 32
23. #isolation level and default engine
24. default-storage-engine = INNODB
25. transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED
26. server-id = 1
27. basedir = /usr/local/mysql
28. datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
29. pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid
30. #open performance schema
31. log-warnings
32. sysdate-is-now
33. binlog_format = MIXED
34. log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
35. log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err
36. log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/arch/mysql-bin
37. #other logs
38. #general_log =1
39. #general_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/data/general_log.err
40. #slow_query_log=1
41. #slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/slow_log.err
42. #for replication slave
43. #log-slave-updates
44. #sync_binlog = 1
45. #for innodb options
46. innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
47. innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:500M:autoextend
48. innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/arch
49. innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
50. innodb_log_file_size = 200M
51. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
52. innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 50M
53. innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
54. innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 100
55. #innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
56. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
57. innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1
58. #innodb io features: add for mysql5.5.8
59. performance_schema
60. innodb_read_io_threads=4
61. innodb-write-io-threads=4
62. innodb-io-capacity=200
63. #purge threads change default(0) to 1 for purge
64. innodb_purge_threads=1
65. innodb_use_native_aio=on
66. #case-sensitive file names and separate tablespace
67. innodb_file_per_table = 1
68. lower_case_table_names=1
69. [mysqldump]
70. quick
71. max_allowed_packet = 16M
72. [mysql]
73. no-auto-rehash
74. [mysqlhotcopy]
75. interactive-timeout
76. [myisamchk]
77. key_buffer_size = 256M
78. sort_buffer_size = 256M
79. read_buffer = 2M
80. write_buffer = 2M

#修改my.cnf文件权限
[root@csxf local]# chown mysqladmin:dba /etc/my.cnf
[root@csxf local]# chmod 640 /etc/my.cnf
#修改MySQL安装目录权限
[root@csxf local]# chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql
[root@csxf local]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql
#切换mysqladmin用户，准备安装
[root@csxf local]# su - mysqladmin
[mysqladmin@csxf ~]$ pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[mysqladmin@csxf ~]$ mkdir arch

五、数据库初始化
#切换MySQL用户数据库初始化
[mysqladmin@csxf ~]$ scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysqladmin --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#可能出现错误
Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
#缺少libaio.so 包
[root@sht-sgmhadoopnn-01 local]# yum -y install libaio
#可能出现错误
"/usr/bin/perl: bad interpreter: No such file or directory"
#缺少 perl 环境
[root@csxf mysql]# yum -y install perl perl-devel
[root@csxf mysql]# yum install -y perl-Data-Dumper
出现报错根据错误实际情况处理
#删除自带my.cnf文件
[mysqladmin@csxf ~]$ rm -rf my.cnf

六、MySQL服务配置
#ROOT 用户创建服务复制到init.d服务下，方便启动和停止
[root@csxf mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
#赋予可执行权限
[root@csxf ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
#删除服务
[root@csxf ~]# chkconfig --del mysql
#添加服务
[root@csxf ~]# chkconfig --add mysql
[root@csxf ~]# chkconfig --level 345 mysql on
[root@csxf ~]# chkconfig --list mysql
mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

六、MySQL启动服务
[root@csxf local]# su - mysqladmin
[mysqladmin@csxf ~]$ bin/mysqld_safe &
[1] 10596
180508 17:21:55 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err'.
180508 17:21:55 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
.....按回车键

#查看是否启动成功
[mysqladmin@csxf ~]$ ps -ef|grep mysql
root 10420 10210 0 16:52 pts/0 00:00:00 su - mysqladmin
root 10550 10519 0 17:12 pts/0 00:00:00 su - mysqladmin
514 10596 10551 0 17:21 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh bin/mysqld_safe
514 11239 10596 1 17:21 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local

七、登录及基本操作

#启动数据库
service mysql start/stop/status/restart

# 首次登录

[mysqladmin@csxf ~]$ mysql
#查看所有数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
#进入mysql数据库
mysql> use mysql;
#查看mysql数据库下所有的表
mysql> show tables;
#查看用户表用户及密码
mysql> select user,password,host from user;
+------+----------+-----------+
| user | password | host |
+------+----------+-----------+
| root | | localhost |
| root | | csxf |
| root | | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | | ::1 |
| | | localhost |
| | | csxf |
+------+----------+-----------+
#修改ROOT用户密码
mysql> update user set password=password('root') where user='root';
#刷新缓存
mysql> flush privileges;
#设置root用户远程连接权限
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@"%" identified by 'root' with grant option;