使用shell命令操作HBase数据库

操作环境：

操作系统：Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS

HBase版本：HBase 1.1.5

HBase是一个高可靠、高性能、面向列、可伸缩的分布式数据库，主要用来存储非结构化和半结构化的松散数据。

hadoop@dblab:/usr/local/hadoop$ cd /usr/local/hbase

hadoop@dblab:/usr/local/hbase$ bin/start-hbase.sh #启动HBase

hadoop@dblab:/usr/local/hbase$ bin/hbase shell #进入Shell模式

#创建student表

hbase(main):001:0> create 'student','Sname','Ssex','Sage','Sdept','course'

0 row(s) in 1.6440 seconds

=> Hbase::Table - student

#查看数据库中已经创建的表

hbase(main):002:0> list

TABLE

student

1 row(s) in 0.0410 seconds

=> ["student"]

#查看表结构

hbase(main):003:0> describe 'student'

Table student is ENABLED

student

COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION

{NAME => 'Sage', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => '

NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE =>

'0'}

{NAME => 'Sdept', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING =>

'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE =

> '0'}

{NAME => 'Sname', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING =>

'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE =

> '0'}

{NAME => 'Ssex', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => '

NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE =>

'0'}

{NAME => 'course', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING =>

'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE

=> '0'}

5 row(s) in 0.1650 seconds

#向表中添加数据

hbase(main):004:0> put 'student','95001','Sname','LiYing'

hbase(main):004:0> put 'student','95001','Sname','LiYing'

hbase(main):005:0> put 'student','95001','Ssex','male'

hbase(main):006:0> put 'student','95001','Sage','22'

hbase(main):007:0> put 'student','95001','Sdept','Cs'

hbase(main):008:0> put 'student','95001','Course:math','80'

ERROR: Unknown column family! Valid column names: Sage:*, Sdept:*, Sname:*, Ssex:*, course:*

hbase(main):009:0> put 'student','95001','course:math','80'

0 row(s) in 0.0330 seconds

#查看某个单元格数据

hbase(main):010:0> get 'student','95001'

COLUMN CELL

Sage: timestamp=1558580423554, value=22

Sdept: timestamp=1558580447276, value=Cs

Sname: timestamp=1558580336295, value=LiYing

Ssex: timestamp=1558580402507, value=male

course:math timestamp=1558580543129, value=80

5 row(s) in 0.0850 seconds

#查询表中有数据所

hbase(main):011:0> scan 'student'

ROW COLUMN+CELL

95001 column=Sage:, timestamp=1558580423554, value=22

95001 column=Sdept:, timestamp=1558580447276, value=Cs

95001 column=Sname:, timestamp=1558580336295, value=LiYing

95001 column=Ssex:, timestamp=1558580402507, value=male

95001 column=course:math, timestamp=1558580543129, value=80

1 row(s) in 0.0740 seconds

#删除95001行中的Ssex列的所有数据

hbase(main):014:0> delete 'student','95001','Ssex'

hbase(main):015:0> scan 'student'

ROW COLUMN+CELL

95001 column=Sage:, timestamp=1558580423554, value=22

95001 column=Sdept:, timestamp=1558580447276, value=Cs

95001 column=Sname:, timestamp=1558580336295, value=LiYing

95001 column=course:math, timestamp=1558580543129, value=80

#删除表中为95001行的全部数据

hbase(main):016:0> deleteall 'student','95001'

0 row(s) in 0.0390 seconds

#该表中所存在任何数据

hbase(main):017:0> scan 'student'

ROW COLUMN+CELL

#删除表

hbase(main):006:0> disable 'student'

hbase(main):009:0> drop 'student'

#退出数据库操作

hbase(main):018:0> exit