MySQL中怎么修改账号的IP限制条件

MySQL中怎么修改账号的IP限制条件，很多新手对此不是很清楚，为了帮助大家解决这个难题，下面小编将为大家详细讲解，有这方面需求的人可以来学习下，希望你能有所收获。

创建一个测试用户LimitIP，只允许192.168段的IP地址访问，具体权限如下所示：

mysql> GRANT SELECT ON MyDB.* TO LimitIP@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'LimitIP'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)   mysql> GRANT INSERT ,UPDATE,DELETE ON MyDB.kkk TO LimitIP@'192.168.%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)   mysql>  mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)   mysql>    mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.%'; +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for LimitIP@192.168.%                                                                                   | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC' | | GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%'                                                              | | GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%'                                          | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)   mysql>

假设现在收到一个需求：这个用户只允许这个IP地址192.168.103.17访问，于是我打算更新mysql.user表，如下所示：

mysql> select user, host from mysql.user where user='LimitIP'; +---------+-----------+ | user    | host      | +---------+-----------+ | LimitIP | 192.168.% | +---------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)   mysql> update mysql.user set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0   mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)   mysql> select user, host from user where user='LimitIP'; ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A   Database changed mysql> select user, host from user where user='LimitIP'; +---------+----------------+ | user    | host           | +---------+----------------+ | LimitIP | 192.168.103.17 | +---------+----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)   mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.103.17'; +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.17                                                                                   | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC' | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)   mysql>

上面测试发现，如果这样只修改mysql.user表， 那么之前的权限没有了，如下所示，如果你查询mysql.db、 mysql.tables_priv 发现Host的字段值依然为192.168.%

mysql>  select * from mysql.db where user='LimitIP'\G; *************************** 1. row ***************************                  Host: 192.168.%                    Db: MyDB                  User: LimitIP           Select_priv: Y           Insert_priv: N           Update_priv: N           Delete_priv: N           Create_priv: N             Drop_priv: N            Grant_priv: N       References_priv: N            Index_priv: N            Alter_priv: N Create_tmp_table_priv: N      Lock_tables_priv: N      Create_view_priv: N        Show_view_priv: N   Create_routine_priv: N    Alter_routine_priv: N          Execute_priv: N            Event_priv: N          Trigger_priv: N 1 row in set (0.00 sec)   ERROR:  No query specified   mysql> select * from mysql.tables_priv where user='LimitIP'\G; *************************** 1. row ***************************        Host: 192.168.%          Db: MyDB        User: LimitIP  Table_name: kkk     Grantor: root@localhost   Timestamp: 0000-00-00 00:00:00  Table_priv: Insert,Update,Delete Column_priv:  1 row in set (0.00 sec)   ERROR:  No query specified

所以我继续修改 mysql.db、 mysql.tables_priv 表，然后测试验证终于OK了(请见下面测试步骤)，当然如果账户的权限不止这几个层面，你可能还必须修改例如mysql.columns_priv、mysql.procs_priv等表

mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.%'; ERROR 1141 (42000): There is no such grant defined for user 'LimitIP' on host '192.168.%' mysql>  mysql>  mysql> update mysql.db set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0   mysql> update mysql.tables_priv set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0   mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)   mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.103.17'; +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.17                                                                                   | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC' | | GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17'                                                              | | GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17'                                          | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)   mysql>

如果需要修改用户的IP限制，其实更新mysql相关权限表不是上上策，其实有更好的方法，那就是RENAME USER Syntax

mysql> RENAME USER 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)   mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)   mysql> show grants for 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18'; +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.18                                                                                   | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC' | | GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18'                                                              | | GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18'                                          | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)   mysql>

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