Hbase基本语句用法

使用hbase shell命令进入hbase：

[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# hbase shellSLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4Jbindings.SLF4J: Found binding in[jar:file:/usr/hdp/2.4.3.0-227/hadoop/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]SLF4J: Found binding in[jar:file:/usr/hdp/2.4.3.0-227/zookeeper/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]SLF4J: Seehttp://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.SLF4J: Actual binding is of type[org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]HBase Shell; enter 'help' forlist of supported commands.Type "exit" toleave the HBase ShellVersion 1.1.2.2.4.3.0-227, rUnknown, FriSep  9 23:34:30 UTC 2016 hbase(main):001:0>

输入help 查看帮助信息

hbase(main):001:0> helpHBase Shell, version 1.1.2.2.4.3.0-227,rUnknown, Fri Sep  9 23:34:30 UTC 2016Type 'help "COMMAND"', (e.g.'help "get"' -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specificcommand.Commands are grouped. Type 'help"COMMAND_GROUP"', (e.g. 'help "general"') for help on acommand group. COMMAND GROUPS: Group name: general Commands: status, table_help, version, whoami…

查看服务器状态：

hbase(main):002:0> status1 active master, 0 backup masters, 4servers, 0 dead, 20.5000 average load

查看版本信息

hbase(main):003:0> version1.1.2.2.4.3.0-227, rUnknown, Fri Sep  9 23:34:30 UTC 2016

查看当前用户：

hbase(main):004:0> whoamiroot (auth:SIMPLE)groups: root

查看表相关命令的帮助信息：

hbase(main):005:0>  table_helpHelp for table-reference commands. You can either create a table via 'create'and then manipulate the table via commands like 'put', 'get', etc.See the standard help information for howto use each of these commands.…

创建表

常用语法：create '[namespacename:]tablename' [ ,'columnfamilyname1' [ ,'columnfamilyname2, ....]]

详细语法使用help -create 查看create语句

hbase(main):006:0> create 'test','fam1','fam2'0 row(s) in 8.3530 seconds => Hbase::Table - test

使用list命令列出表名：

常用语法：list '[namespacename:]tablename]

详细语法可以使用help 'list' 查看，list 后面可以跟正则表达式，列出符合表达式的表名

hbase(main):011:0> list 'test' -列出名为test的表名TABLE                                                                                                                                                              test                                                                                                                                                               1 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds => ["test"]hbase(main):012:0> list 'tes.*'-列出以名称tes开头的表名TABLE                                                                                                                                                              test                                                                                                                                                               test:testtable                                                                                                                                                      2 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds => ["test","test:testtable"]hbase(main):013:0> list 'default:.*' -列出default命名空间下的表名TABLE                                                                                                                                                               ambarismoketest                                                                                                                                                    test                                                                                                                                                               2 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds => ["ambarismoketest","test"]hbase(main):014:0> list 'test:.*' -列出test这个命名空间下的表名TABLE                                                                                                                                                              test:testtable                                                                                                                                                      1 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds => ["test:testtable"]

使用desc命令查看指定表的具体信息（desc等同于describe）

语法：desc '[namespacename:]tablename'

describe '[namespacename:]tablename'

详细语法使用help 'describe'查看

hbase(main):016:0> desc 'test'  查看test这张表的信息Table test is ENABLED                                                                                                                                               test                                                                                                                                                               COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION                                                                                                                                        {NAME => 'fam1', BLOOMFILTER =>'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0',BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE =>'0'}                                                        {NAME => 'fam2', BLOOMFILTER =>'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0',BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE =>'0'}                                                        2 row(s) in 0.1710 seconds hbase(main):017:0> desc 'test:testtable'查看test命名空间下testtable这张表的信息Table test:testtable is ENABLED                                                                                                                                    test:testtable                                                                                                                                                     COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION                                                                                                                                         {NAME => 'colfam1', BLOOMFILTER =>'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS =>'0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE =>'0'}                                                     {NAME => 'colfam2', BLOOMFILTER =>'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS =>'0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE =>'0'}                                                      {NAME => 'colfam3', BLOOMFILTER =>'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS =>'0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE =>'0'}                                                     3 row(s) in 0.0290 seconds

使用put插入数据

常用语法：put '[namespacename:]tablename' , 'rowkey' , 'columnfamilyname[:column]' , 'value'

详细语法使用help 'put'查看

hbase(main):002:0> put'test','row2','fam1:a','value'0 row(s) in 0.3760 secondshbase(main):003:0> put 'test','row1','fam1:a','value'0 row(s) in 0.3760 secondshbase(main):004:0> put 'test','row1','fam2:a','value'0 row(s) in 0.3760 secondshbase(main):005:0> put'test','row2','fam2:a','value'0 row(s) in 0.3760 seconds

使用scan查看全表数据

常用语法：scan '[namespacename:]tablename'

详细语法使用help 'scan'查看

hbase(main):002:0> scan 'test'ROW                                       COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                              row1                                     column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767451331, value=value                                                                      row1                                     column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value                                                                      row2                                     column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value                                                                      row2                                     column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value                                                                     2 row(s) in 0.1120 seconds

查看指定列的数据：

hbase(main):004:0> scan 'test',{COLUMNS=> 'fam1:a'}ROW                                       COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                               row1                                     column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767451331, value=value                                                                      row2                                      column=fam1:a,timestamp=1504767600686, value=value                                                                     2 row(s) in 0.2390 seconds hbase(main):021:0> get 'test','row1'COLUMN                                     CELL                                                                                                                     fam1:a                                   timestamp=1504768075731, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02                                                          fam2:a                                   timestamp=1504767471977, value=value                                                                                    2 row(s) in 0.1110 seconds

使用get查询数据：

语法：get '[namespacename:]tablename' , 'rowkey' [, 'columnfamliyname[:column]']

详细语法使用help 'get'查看

hbase(main):024:0> get'test','row1','fam1'COLUMN                                     CELL                                                                                                                     fam1:a                                   timestamp=1504768075731, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02                                                         1 row(s) in 0.0690 secondshbase(main):026:0> get 'test','row1','fam1:a'COLUMN                                     CELL                                                                                                                     fam1:a                                   timestamp=1504768075731, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02                                                         1 row(s) in 0.0430 seconds

使用delete删除数据

常用语法：delete '[namespacename:]tablename' , 'rowkey' , 'columnfamliyname:column'

当表中存在只制定了columnfamily没有具体制定column的数据时，delete可以这么用

delete '[namespacename:]tablename' , 'rowkey' , 'columnfamliyname',不存在这样的数据，使用这样的语句不会删除数据。

更详细的语法使用help 'delete'查看

hbase(main):008:0> delete'test','row1','fam1:a'0 row(s) in 0.3370 seconds hbase(main):009:0> scan 'test'ROW                                       COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                              row1                                     column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value                                                                      row2                                     column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value                                                                      row2                                     column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value                                                                     2 row(s) in 0.0850 seconds

使用incr增加数据（默认使用counter实现递增）

常用语法：incr '[namespacename:]tablename' , 'rowkey' , 'columnfamilyname:column'

更详细的语法使用help 'incr'查看

hbase(main):012:0> incr'test','row1','fam1:a'COUNTER VALUE = 10 row(s) in 1.1700 seconds hbase(main):013:0> scan 'test'ROW                                       COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                              row1                                      column=fam1:a,timestamp=1504768054892, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01                                           row1                                     column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value                                                                       row2                                     column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value                                                                      row2                                      column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014,value=value                                                                     2 row(s) in 0.0410 seconds hbase(main):014:0> incr'test','row1','fam1:a'COUNTER VALUE = 20 row(s) in 0.0480 seconds hbase(main):015:0> scan 'test'ROW                                       COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                              row1                                     column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504768075731,value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02                                           row1                                     column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value                                                                      row2                                     column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value                                                                      row2                                     column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value                                                                     2 row(s) in 0.0770 seconds

使用get_counter查看当前的counter值：

hbase(main):027:0> get_counter'test','row1','fam1:a'COUNTER VALUE = 2

使用put更新数据：

hbase(main):029:0> scan 'test'ROW                                        COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                              row1                                     column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504768075731,value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02                                           row1                                     column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value                                                                      row2                                     column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value                                                                      row2                                     column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value                                                                     2 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds hbase(main):030:0> put'test','row1','fam1:a','newvalue'0 row(s) in 0.0250 seconds hbase(main):031:0> scan 'test'ROW                                        COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                              row1                                     column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504768397480, value=newvalue                                                                    row1                                     column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value                                                                      row2                                     column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value                                                                      row2                                     column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value                                                                     2 row(s) in 0.0760 seconds

使用is_enabled/is_disabled查看表是否被启用/禁用

hbase(main):032:0> is_enable 'test'NoMethodError: undefined method `is_enable'for # hbase(main):033:0> is_enabled 'test'true                                                                                                                                                               0 row(s) in 0.1180 seconds hbase(main):034:0> is_disabled 'test'false                                                                                                                                                              0 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds

使用disable禁用表

hbase(main):001:0> disable 'test'0 row(s) in 4.7170 seconds hbase(main):002:0> is_disabled 'test'true                                                                                                                                                               0 row(s) in 0.0210 seconds

使用enbale启用表

hbase(main):003:0> enable 'test'0 row(s) in 2.2910 seconds hbase(main):004:0> is_enabled 'test'true                                                                                                                                                               0 row(s) in 0.0180 seconds

删除fam1这个columnfamily：

hbase(main):007:0> alter'test',{NAME=>'fam1',METHOD=>'delete'}Updating all regions with the new schema...1/1 regions updated.Done.0 row(s) in 2.1980 seconds hbase(main):008:0> desc 'test'Table test is ENABLED                                                                                                                                              test                                                                                                                                                               COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION                                                                                                                                        {NAME => 'fam2', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW',VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE',DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0',BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE =>'0'}                                                         1 row(s) in 0.0350 seconds

清空表数据：

hbase(main):009:0> truncate 'test'Truncating 'test' table (it may take awhile): -Disabling table... -Truncating table...0 row(s) in 3.6540 seconds hbase(main):010:0> scan 'te