Oracle19c rman使用简单测试分析

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19c新特性

• PDB 支持 资料库

  --连接示例connect target "sbu@prod AS SYSBACKUP"

• 自动删除闪回日志

--默认1440分钟/一天，19c开始超过自动清理db_flashback_retention_target

18C新特性

• 复制一个pdb到另一个存在的cdb中

• 复制数据库到Oracle云

• 前滚物理备库，简化使用

• RMAN备份可以用迁移，pdb、cdb切换

• 块丢失写保护增强

部分功能测试

全备

connect target  /run {    allocate channel ch2 type disk;    allocate channel ch3 type disk;    alter system archive log current;    alter system archive log current;    backup format '/backup/mypdb_full_%T_%s_%p' database plus archivelog delete all input;    backup format '/backup/mypdb_controlfile_%T_%s_%p' current controlfile;    alter system archive log current;    backup format '/backup/mypdb_arch_%Y%M%D_%s_%p' archivelog all;    release channel ch2;    release channel ch3;}

全备备份的数据文件参考

--其中数据文件2,5,6是pdb模板col file_name for a50select file_id,file_name,tablespace_name from cdb_data_files order by file_id;

备份pdb数据库

--更相信命令，参考全备BACKUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE mypdb;--or[oracle@node216 ~]$ rman target sys/oracle@mypdbRecovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Feb 14 21:57:32 2020Version 19.3.0.0.0Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.connected to target database: MYDB19C:MYPDB (DBID=2219134196)RMAN> backup database;

备份cdb,pdbseed

--备份root+pdbseed 建议一起备份run {    allocate channel ch2 type disk;    allocate channel ch3 type disk;    alter system archive log current;    alter system archive log current;    backup format '/backup/root_full_%T_%s_%p' database root plus archivelog delete all input;    backup format '/backup/pdbseed_full_%T_%s_%p' database 'PDB$SEED';    backup format '/backup/root_controlfile_%T_%s_%p' current controlfile;    alter system archive log current;    backup format '/backup/root_arch_%Y%M%D_%s_%p' archivelog all;    release channel ch2;    release channel ch3;}

恢复测试

--恢复root+pdbseed ,也可单独恢复 restore controlfile from '/backup/root_controlfile_20200215_62_1'; alter database mount; run {     restore database root;     restore database 'pdb$seed';     recover database root;     recover database 'pdb$seed'; }--跳过pdb 数据库，openalter session set container=mypdb;col name for a50select file#,name,status from v$datafile;alter database datafile 9,10,11,12,13 offline;alter database open resetlogs;--恢复pdbcol pdb_name for a20select pdb_name,status from dba_pdbs;restore pluggable database mypdb;recover pluggable database mypdb;alter session set container=mypdb;alter database datafile 9,10,11,12,13 online;alter database open;--oralter session set container="CDB$ROOT";alter pluggable database mypdb open;

pdb迁移，no-cdb pdb

--备份BACKUP format '/backup/testpdb_full_%T_%s_%p' PLUGGABLE DATABASE testpdb PLUS ARCHIVELOG;--卸载/导出 pdbsqlplus / as sysdbaalter pluggable database testpdb unplug into '/home/oracle/testpdb.xml';--删除pdb,迁移可不删除,注意不能删除数据文件drop pluggable database testpdb keep datafiles;--检查目标cdb，是否适用 备份的pdbSET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE compatible CONSTANT VARCHAR2(3) := CASE DBMS_PDB.CHECK_PLUG_COMPATIBILITY( pdb_descr_file => '/home/oracle/testpdb.xml') WHEN TRUE THEN 'YES' ELSE 'NO' END; BEGIN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(compatible); END; / --创建pdbcreate pluggable database testpdb using '/home/oracle/testpdb.xml'   --nocopy tempfile reuse;FILE_NAME_CONVERT=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/MYDB19C/pdbseed/', '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testpdb');--open alter pluggable database testpdb open; --恢复，手动删除原有数据文件,可不删除，直接恢复 SET PREPLUGIN CONTAINER=testpdb; LIST PREPLUGIN BACKUP OF PLUGGABLE DATABASE testpdb; --恢复  RESTORE PLUGGABLE DATABASE testpdb FROM PREPLUGIN;  RECOVER PLUGGABLE DATABASE testpdb FROM PREPLUGIN;  catalog preplugin archivelog '/u01/app/oracle_base/oradata/CDB18/arch/1_26_969723966.dbf';  --检查  RESTORE PLUGGABLE DATABASE testpdb SKIP PREPLUGIN;  --open  RECOVER PLUGGABLE DATABASE testpdb;  ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE testpdb open;  --or  rman target sys/oracle@testpdb  recover database;

Duplicating pdb 复制到已存在的另一个cdb中

限制

• Only active database duplication is supported.

• Only the following clauses of the DUPLICATE command are supported: NORESUME,
  DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT, SECTION SIZE, and USING COMPRESSED BACKUPSET

• The following clauses of the DUPLICATE command are not supported: SPFILE, NO
  STANDBY, FARSYNC STANDBY, and LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT.

• Duplicating a PDB to a CDB that is a standby database is not supported

• Only one PDB can be duplicated at a time.

• Partial PDB duplication is not supported, only complete PDB duplication is
  supported. For example, you cannot include or exclude specific tablespaces while
  duplicating a PDB

• Duplicating a non-CDB as a PDB in an existing CDB is not supported.

• Duplicating PDBs that contain TDE-encrypted tablespaces is not supported.

步骤

--配置网络MYDB19C =  (DESCRIPTION =    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = node216)(PORT = 1521))    (CONNECT_DATA =      (SERVER = DEDICATED)      (SERVICE_NAME = mydb19c)    )  )TESTCDB =  (DESCRIPTION =    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = node217)(PORT = 1521))    (CONNECT_DATA =      (SERVER = DEDICATED)      (SERVICE_NAME = testcdb)    )  )--创建相关目录，目标端mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/TESTCDB/mystpdb--临时存放归档等mkdir -p /backup/mystpdbalter system set remote_recovery_file_dest='/backup/mystpdb';--连接rman target sys/oracle@mydb19c auxiliary sys/oracle@testcdb--开始复制DUPLICATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE mypdb AS mystpdb TO testcdb FROM ACTIVE DATABASEDB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mypdb','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TESTCDB/mystpdb';--会自动导入相关元数据

复制大概过程

• 恢复数据文件：restore complete of datafile 14 to datafile copy

• 创建pdb

CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE mystpdb AS CLONE USING '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/dbs/_rm_pdb_pitr_1_testcdb.xml'        SOURCE_FILE_NAME_CONVERT = (  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mypdb/mypdp_system01.dbf' , '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TESTCDB/mystpdb/mypdp_system01.dbf') NOCOPY REFRESH MODE MANUAL;

• 拷贝归档至目标端，并应用，增量/不完成恢复完成

• 调整数据文件号：删除之前，根据新环境整理新的file_id

• open pdb

远程克隆方式

--源端设置用户权限alter session set container=mypdb;grant create pluggable database to mypdb;--目标端创建dblink create database link clonePdb connect to mypdb identified by mypdb using '(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.80.216)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = mypdb)))'; --开始创建，与Duplicating 处理过程相似create pluggable database pdb8 from mypdb@clonePdb FILE_NAME_CONVERT=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mypdb','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TESTCDB/pdb8');

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