导航：首页 > 开发技术 >

SpringBoot怎么实现WebSocket即时通讯

发表于：2026-11-01 作者：千家信息网编辑

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月01日，这篇"SpringBoot怎么实现WebSocket即时通讯"文章的知识点大部分人都不太理解，所以小编给大家总结了以下内容，内容详细，步骤清晰，具有一定的借鉴价值，希望大家阅读完这篇文章能有所收获，下

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月01日SpringBoot怎么实现WebSocket即时通讯

这篇"SpringBoot怎么实现WebSocket即时通讯"文章的知识点大部分人都不太理解，所以小编给大家总结了以下内容，内容详细，步骤清晰，具有一定的借鉴价值，希望大家阅读完这篇文章能有所收获，下面我们一起来看看这篇"SpringBoot怎么实现WebSocket即时通讯"文章吧。

1、引入依赖

        org.springframework.boot        spring-boot-starter-websocket        org.projectlombok        lombok        com.alibaba        fastjson        1.2.3

2、WebSocketConfig 开启WebSocket

package com.shucha.deveiface.web.config; /** * @author tqf * @Description * @Version 1.0 * @since 2022-04-12 15:35 */import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;  /** * 开启WebSocket */@Configurationpublic class WebSocketConfig {    @Bean    public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter(){        return new ServerEndpointExporter();    }}

3、WebSocketServer

package com.shucha.deveiface.web.ws; /** * @author tqf * @Description * @Version 1.0 * @since 2022-04-12 15:33 */import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession; import javax.websocket.*;import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Collections;import java.util.List;import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet; @Component@ServerEndpoint("/webSocket/{userId}")@Slf4jpublic class WebSocketServer {    private Session session;    private String userId;    /**静态变量，用来记录当前在线连接数。应该把它设计成线程安全的。*/    private static int onlineCount = 0;    private static CopyOnWriteArraySet webSocketSet = new CopyOnWriteArraySet<>();     /**     * concurrent包的线程安全set，用来存放每个客户端对应的MyWebSocket对象     */    private static ConcurrentHashMap webSocketMap = new ConcurrentHashMap();     /**     * 为了保存在线用户信息，在方法中新建一个list存储一下【实际项目依据复杂度，可以存储到数据库或者缓存】     */    private final static List SESSIONS = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());     /**     * 建立连接     * @param session     * @param userId     */    @OnOpen    public void onOpen(Session session, @PathParam("userId") String userId) {        this.session = session;        this.userId = userId;        webSocketSet.add(this);        SESSIONS.add(session);        if (webSocketMap.containsKey(userId)) {            webSocketMap.remove(userId);            webSocketMap.put(userId,this);        } else {            webSocketMap.put(userId,this);            addOnlineCount();        }        // log.info("【websocket消息】有新的连接, 总数:{}", webSocketSet.size());        log.info("[连接ID:{}] 建立连接, 当前连接数:{}", this.userId, webSocketMap.size());    }     /**     * 断开连接     */    @OnClose    public void onClose() {        webSocketSet.remove(this);        if (webSocketMap.containsKey(userId)) {            webSocketMap.remove(userId);            subOnlineCount();        }        // log.info("【websocket消息】连接断开, 总数:{}", webSocketSet.size());        log.info("[连接ID:{}] 断开连接, 当前连接数:{}", userId, webSocketMap.size());    }     /**     * 发送错误     * @param session     * @param error     */    @OnError    public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) {        log.info("[连接ID:{}] 错误原因:{}", this.userId, error.getMessage());        error.printStackTrace();    }     /**     * 收到消息     * @param message     */    @OnMessage    public void onMessage(String message) {        // log.info("【websocket消息】收到客户端发来的消息:{}", message);        log.info("[连接ID:{}] 收到消息:{}", this.userId, message);    }     /**     * 发送消息     * @param message     * @param userId     */    public void sendMessage(String message,Long userId) {        WebSocketServer webSocketServer = webSocketMap.get(String.valueOf(userId));        if (webSocketServer!=null){            log.info("【websocket消息】推送消息, message={}", message);            try {                webSocketServer.session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);            } catch (Exception e) {                e.printStackTrace();                log.error("[连接ID:{}] 发送消息失败, 消息:{}", this.userId, message, e);            }        }    }     /**     * 群发消息     * @param message     */    public void sendMassMessage(String message) {        try {            for (Session session : SESSIONS) {                if (session.isOpen()) {                    session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);                    log.info("[连接ID:{}] 发送消息:{}",session.getRequestParameterMap().get("userId"),message);                }            }        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }     /**     * 获取当前连接数     * @return     */    public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() {        return onlineCount;    }     /**     * 当前连接数加一     */    public static synchronized void addOnlineCount() {        WebSocketServer.onlineCount++;    }     /**     * 当前连接数减一     */    public static synchronized void subOnlineCount() {        WebSocketServer.onlineCount--;    } }

4、测试连接发送和接收消息

package com.shucha.deveiface.web.controller; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import com.shucha.deveiface.web.ws.WebSocketServer;import lombok.Data;import lombok.experimental.Accessors;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * @author tqf * @Description * @Version 1.0 * @since 2022-04-12 15:44 */@RestController@RequestMapping("/web")public class TestWebSocket {    @Autowired    private WebSocketServer webSocketServer;     /**     * 消息发送测试     */    @GetMapping("/test")    public void test(){        for (int i=1;i<4;i++) {            WebsocketResponse response = new WebsocketResponse();            response.setUserId(String.valueOf(i));            response.setUserName("姓名"+ i);            response.setAge(i);            webSocketServer.sendMessage(JSONObject.toJSONString(response), Long.valueOf(String.valueOf(i)));        }    }     /**     * 群发消息测试(给当前连接用户发送)     */    @GetMapping("/sendMassMessage")    public void sendMassMessage(){        WebsocketResponse response = new WebsocketResponse();        response.setUserName("群发消息模板测试");        webSocketServer.sendMassMessage(JSONObject.toJSONString(response));    }     @Data    @Accessors(chain = true)    public static class WebsocketResponse {        private String userId;        private String userName;        private int age;    }}