cobbler如何实现自动化无人值守安装

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cobbler自动化无人值守安装

root@localhost ~]# yum install epel-release -y  ##安装源码包##安装必要组件yum install  -y \cobbler \      ##安装cobbler\cobbler-web \    ##网页形式管理dhcp \                ##地址分配服务 tftp-server \       ##放压缩和引导文件pykickstart \      ##Python开发的kickstarthttpd \               ##网络服务rsync \              ##远程同步管理xinetd               ##管理平台

开始配置cobbler

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/cobbler/[root@localhost cobbler]# lsauth.conf         import_rsync_whitelist  pxe                 users.confcheetah_macros    iso                     reporting           users.digestcobbler_bash      ldap                    rsync.exclude       versioncompletions       modules.conf            rsync.template      zone.templatedhcp.template     mongodb.conf            secondary.template  zone_templatesdnsmasq.template  named.template          settingsgenders.template  power                   tftpd.template[root@localhost cobbler]# vim settings 278 next_server: 192.168.136.179  ##修改地址为服务器地址279 server: 192.168.136.179  ##添加服务器地址280 manage_dhcp: 1  ##开启dhcp[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl start httpd.service      ##开启http服务[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl start cobblerd.service ##开启cobbler服务[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl stop firewalld.service  ##关闭防火墙[root@localhost cobbler]# setenforce 0     ##关闭增强功能

优化cobbler

[root@localhost cobbler]# cobbler check[root@localhost cobbler]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftpservice tftp{        socket_type             = dgram        protocol                = udp        wait                    = yes        user                    = root        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd        server_args             = -s /var/lib/tftpboot        disable                 = no  ##此处改为no        per_source              = 11        cps                     = 100 2        flags                   = IPv4}[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl enable rsyncd.service  ##优化开启远程同步管理服务[root@localhost cobbler]# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'abc123''abc123'  ##设置管理员密码Password: $1$abc123ab$Z6awNYIN3LrF2YlvXPh6N. ##复制此段是盐值加密过后的密文[root@localhost cobbler]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings101 default_password_crypted: "$1$abc123ab$Z6awNYIN3LrF2YlvXPh6N." ##第101行把我们刚才设置的密码的密文复制到此处[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl start rsyncd.service  ##启动服务[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl restart xinetd.service

配置DHCP服务

[root@localhost cobbler]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template subnet 192.168.136.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {  ##修改本地服务器的网段     option routers             192.168.136.1;       option domain-name-servers 192.168.136.1;     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.136.100 192.168.136.254;  ##地址池[root@localhost cobbler]# cobbler sync  ##同步生成dhcp配置文件（/etc/dhcp/dhcp.conf）task started: 2019-11-15_154150_synctask started (id=Sync, time=Fri Nov 15 15:41:50 2019)running pre-sync triggerscleaning trees[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl restart dhcpd.service   ##启动dhcp服务[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl start cobblerd.service  ##启动cobbler服务[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl start xinetd.service      ##启动管理平台服务

挂载镜像，把镜像生成到cobbler中

[root@localhost cobbler]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/  ##将镜像挂载到mnt目录mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载[root@localhost cobbler]# cd /mnt/[root@localhost mnt]# lsCentOS_BuildTag  GPL       LiveOS    RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7EFI              images    Packages  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7EULA             isolinux  repodata  TRANS.TBL[root@localhost mnt]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=Centos-7-x86_64 --arch=x86_64

导入镜像文件指明路径，生成名字

[root@localhost ks_mirror]# lsCentos-7-x86_64  config[root@localhost ks_mirror]# cobbler list    ##查看文件信息distros:     Centos-7-x86_64profiles:     Centos-7-x86_64systems:repos:images:mgmtclasses:packages:files:

查看压缩内核和引导文件

[root@localhost ks_mirror]# yum install tree -y   ##安装tree工具[root@localhost ks_mirror]# tree /var/lib/tftpboot/images    ##查看压缩内核和引导文件/var/lib/tftpboot/images└── Centos-7-x86_64        ├── initrd.img    ##引导文件        └── vmlinuz      ##压缩内核

全部重启服务

[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service [root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart dhcpd.service [root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart xinetd.service [root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart httpd.service

创建一台没有系统的虚拟机，开启自动安装系统（字符界面）

安装图形界面

代码：[root@localhost ~]#yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop"代码：[root@localhost ~]# yum groupinstall 'KDE Plasma Workspaces" -y代码：[root@localhost ~]# yum groupinstall "X Window System" 或者"Graphical Administration Tools"

利用cobbler的web管理

[root@localhost ks_mirror]# vim /etc/cobbler/modules.conf ##配置模块配置文件module = authn_configfile  ##默认开启[root@localhost ks_mirror]# htdigest -c /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler adadmin ##创建用户密码Adding password for adadmin in realm Cobbler.New password:     ##输入密码Re-type new password: [root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service   ##重启cobbler服务[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart httpd.service         ##重启httpd服务

启用pam认证，身份登录

[root@localhost ks_mirror]# vim /etc/cobbler/modules.conf   ##修改模块配置文件[authentication]   module = authn_pam    ##修改成pam认证模块[authorization]module = authz_ownership ##指定访问权限[root@localhost ks_mirror]# useradd webuser  ##创建系统用户[root@localhost ks_mirror]# passwd webuser   ##设置密码更改用户 webuser 的密码 。新的 密码：无效的密码： 密码少于 8 个字符重新输入新的 密码：passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。[root@localhost ks_mirror]# vim /etc/cobbler/users.conf   ##修改cobbler下的users.conf文件[admins]admin = ""cobbler = ""webuser = ""    ##添加用户[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart httpd.service   ##重启服务[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service

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