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Python matplotlib Line2D对象怎么用

发表于：2026-11-02 作者：千家信息网编辑

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月02日，这篇文章主要介绍 Python matplotlib Line2D对象怎么用，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！总括matplotlib.pyplot很像MATLAB

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月02日Python matplotlib Line2D对象怎么用

这篇文章主要介绍 Python matplotlib Line2D对象怎么用，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！

总括

matplotlib.pyplot很像MATLAB。它的每一个函数都会对现有的图形进行更改：比如建立一个图形（figure），创建画图区域，在画图区域做出线条，使用标签装饰。
如果你传入了一个简单的list或者array，matplotlib会把它当成y值，并自动生成x值。事实上所有序列都会被转换为numpy arrays。

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltplt.plot([1,2,3,4])plt.ylabel('some numbers')plt.show()

当你传入两个list或者array时，第一个会被当成x值，第二个会被当成y值，而且你可以通过第三个参数设置显示的形状和颜色（这是一个组合），当然你也可以分别设置形状和颜色。通过plt.axis（xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax）函数你可以设置x轴，y轴的最大值和最小值：

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltplt.plot([1,2,3,4], [1,4,9,16], 'ro')plt.axis([0, 6, 0, 20])plt.show()

Line2D对象

Line2D

Bases: matplotlib.artist.Artistclass matplotlib.lines.Line2D(xdata, ydata, linewidth=None, linestyle=None, color=None, marker=None, markersize=None, markeredgewidth=None, markeredgecolor=None, markerfacecolor=None, markerfacecoloralt='none', fillstyle=None, antialiased=None, dash_capstyle=None, solid_capstyle=None, dash_joinstyle=None, solid_joinstyle=None, pickradius=5, drawstyle=None, markevery=None, **kwargs)

属性控制

有三种方式设置线的属性
1）直接在plot()函数中设置

plt.plot(x, y, linewidth=2.0)

2）通过获得线对象，对线对象进行设置

line, = plt.plot(x, y, '-')line.set_antialiased(False) # turn off antialising

3）获得线属性，使用setp（）函数设置

lines = plt.plot(x1, y1, x2, y2)# use keyword argsplt.setp(lines, color='r', linewidth=2.0)

Property	Value Type
alpha	float
animated	[True False]
antialiased or aa	[True False]
clip_box	a matplotlib.transform.Bbox instance
clip_on	[True False]
clip_path	a Path instance and a Transform instance, a Patch
color or c	any matplotlib color
contains	the hit testing function
dash_capstyle	['butt' 'round' 'projecting']
dash_joinstyle	['miter' 'round' 'bevel']
dashes	sequence of on/off ink in points
data	(np.array xdata, np.array ydata)
figure	a matplotlib.figure.Figure instance
label	any string
linestyle or ls	['-' '-' '-.' ':' 'steps' …]
linewidth or lw	float value in points
lod	[True False]
marker	['+' ',' '.' '1' '2' '3' '4']
markeredgecolor or mec	any matplotlib color
markeredgewidth or mew	float value in points
markerfacecolor or mfc	any matplotlib color
markersize or ms	float
markevery	[ None integer (startind, stride) ]
picker	used in interactive line selection
pickradius	the line pick selection radius
solid_capstyle	['butt' 'round' 'projecting']
solid_joinstyle	['miter' 'round' 'bevel']
transform	a matplotlib.transforms.Transform instance
visible	[True False]
xdata	np.array
ydata	np.array
zorder	any number

linestyle	description
'-'?or?'solid'	solid line
'-'?or?'dashed'	dashed line
'-.'?or?'dashdot'	dash-dotted line
':'?or?'dotted'	dotted line
'None'	draw nothing
'?'	draw nothing
"	draw nothing

marker	description
"."	point
","	pixel
"o"	circle
"v"	triangle_down
"^"	triangle_up
"<"	triangle_left
">"	triangle_right
"1"	tri_down
"2"	tri_up
"3"	tri_left
"4"	tri_right
"8"	octagon
"s"	square
"p"	pentagon
"P"	plus (filled)
"*"	star
"h"	hexagon1
"H"	hexagon2
"+"	plus
"x"	x
"X"	x (filled)
"D"	diamond
"d"	thin_diamond
"	"
"_"	hline
TICKLEFT	tickleft
TICKRIGHT	tickright
TICKUP	tickup
TICKDOWN	tickdown
CARETLEFT	caretleft (centered at tip)
CARETRIGHT	caretright (centered at tip)
CARETUP	caretup (centered at tip)
CARETDOWN	caretdown (centered at tip)
CARETLEFTBASE	caretleft (centered at base)
CARETRIGHTBASE	caretright (centered at base)
CARETUPBASE	caretup (centered at base)
"None",?"?"?or?""	nothing
' ... '	render the string using mathtext.
verts	a list of (x, y) pairs used for Path vertices. The center of the marker is located at (0,0) and the size is normalized.
path	a?Path?instance.