Red Hat中如何安装yum源

yum是shell前端软件包管理器，是Linux下用来下载安装应用的软件。

设置步骤

\1. 查询原有的yum

[root@orcl ~]# rpm -qa |grep yumyum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarchyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686yum-utils-1.1.30-37.el6.noarchyum-plugin-security-1.1.30-37.el6.noarchyum-3.2.29-75.el6.centos.noarchyum-rhn-plugin-0.9.1-43.el6.noarch

\2. 删除原有的yum

[root@orcl ~]# rpm -aq|grep yum|xargs rpm -e –-nodeps[root@orcl ~]# rpm -qa |grep yum[root@orcl ~]#

\3. 查询原有yum配置

[root@orcl ~]# whereis yumyum: /etc/yum[root@orcl ~]# rm -fr /etc/yum

\4. 下载需要的安装包 http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/os/i386/Packages/ 系统为32的，所以我选择i386。64的自行查找x86_64。 可以使用

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/os/i386/Packages/yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

下载

yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpmyum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpmyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686.rpmPython-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

\5. 安装python

[root@orcl ~]# rpm -ivh python-iniparse-….noarch.rpmwarning: python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEYerror: Failed dependencies:python(abi) = 2.7 is needed by python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch

当前安装版本与服务器不兼容，退后一个版本再试。 查看当前发行版本号

cat /etc/issue

遇到的错误

系统位数与安装程序包位数不一致 file /bin/ls

error: Failed dependencies:libc.so.6()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64libglib-2.0.so.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64libpthread.so.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64libpython2.6.so.1.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64libsqlite3.so.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64libxml2.so.2()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64libxml2.so.2(LIBXML2_2.4.30)(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64

重新下载32位程序包

[root@orcl ~]# rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpmPreparing… ########################################### [100%]package python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch is already installed[root@orcl ~]# rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686.rpmPreparing… ########################################### [100%]1:yum-metadata-parser ########################################### [100%][root@orcl ~]# rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpmPreparing… ########################################### [100%]1:yum-plugin-fastestmirro########################################### [ 50%]2:yum ########################################### [100%][root@orcl ~]#

注意最后两个包必需同时安装，否则会相互依赖 更改yum源（使用网易的CentOS镜像源）

[root@localhost yum]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS6-Base-163.repo

将所有 $releasever 修改为具体的版本号，我这里写的是6.8，这个自己打开（http://mirrors.163.com/centos）找一下就可以。

# CentOS-Base.repo## The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.## If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the# remarked out baseurl= line instead.##[base]name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/os/$basearch/#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=osgpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#released updates[updates]name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/updates/$basearch/#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updatesgpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additional packages that may be useful[extras]name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - 163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/extras/$basearch/#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extrasgpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages[centosplus]name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - 163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/centosplus/$basearch/#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplusgpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#contrib - packages by Centos Users[contrib]name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - 163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/contrib/$basearch/#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contribgpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

清理yum缓存

yum clean all

显示已安程序包及可安程序包

yum list

可以按要求更新程序包或安装

yum update / yum install 包名