Java顺序表怎么实现图书管理系统

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一、简介

实现此项目的目的是巩固并理解前面的知识点:类，抽象类，封装，继承，多态，接口等

二、核心需求

管理端

  查阅书籍
  增加书籍
  删除书籍
  打印书籍列表
  退出系统

用户端

  查询书籍
  借阅书籍
  归还书籍
  打印书籍列表
  退出系统

三、类的设计

1. 创建图书类

图书类中包含图书的名称，价格，类型，作者和是否被借出等信息，并生成构造方法，Getter()和Setter()方法，toString方法(注意成员变量应该尽可能使用private关键字修饰)

public class Book {    private String name;    private double price;    private String type;    private String author;    private boolean isBorrowed;    public Book(String name, double price, String type, String author) {        this.name = name;        this.price = price;        this.type = type;        this.author = author;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public double getPrice() {        return price;    }    public void setPrice(double price) {        this.price = price;    }    public String getType() {        return type;    }    public void setType(String type) {        this.type = type;    }    public String getAuthor() {        return author;    }    public void setAuthor(String author) {        this.author = author;    }    public boolean isBorrowed() {        return isBorrowed;    }    public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {        isBorrowed = borrowed;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "Book{" +                "name='" + name + '\'' +                ", price=" + price +                ", type='" + type + '\'' +                ", author='" + author + '\'' +                ", 状态:" +((isBorrowed) ? "已借出":"未借出")+                '}';    }}

2. 创建图书列表类

图书列表类用于存放图书，我们可以先在列表中初始化几本书以方便后续测试

public class BookList {    private Book[] books = new Book[10];    private int usedSize;    public BookList(){        books[0] = new Book("三国演义",19,"小说","罗贯中");        books[1] = new Book("水浒传",29,"小说","施耐庵");        books[2] = new Book("西游记",39,"小说","吴承恩");        usedSize = 3;    }    public int getUsedSize() {        return usedSize;    }    public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {        this.usedSize = usedSize;    }    public Book getBook(int pos){        return books[pos];    }    public void setBook(int pos,Book book) {        books[pos] = book;    }}

3. 创建用户类

创建一个用户类并将其定义为抽象类，再创建普通用户类和管理员类继承于用户类:

创建用户类并定义为抽象类:

public abstract class User {    protected String name;    protected IOperation[] iOperations;    public abstract int menu();    public void doWork(int choice, BookList bookList){        iOperations[choice].work(bookList);    }    public User(String name) {        this.name = name;    }}

创建管理员用户类:

public class AdminUser extends User{    public AdminUser(String name) {        super(name);        this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{            new ExitOperation(),            new FindOperation(),            new AddOperation(),            new DisplayOperation(),            new DelOperation()        };    }    @Override    public int menu(){        System.out.println("===========管理员菜单============");        System.out.println("您好, 管理员 "+this.name+":");        System.out.println("欢迎来到图书馆!");        System.out.println("1. 查找图书");        System.out.println("2. 新增图书");        System.out.println("3. 显示图书");        System.out.println("4. 删除图书");        System.out.println("0. 退出系统");        System.out.println("=================================");        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);        int choice = scanner.nextInt();        return choice;    }}

创建普通用户类:

public class NormalUser extends User{    public NormalUser(String name) {        super(name);        this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{                new ExitOperation(),                new DisplayOperation(),                new FindOperation(),                new BorrowOperation(),                new ReturnOperation(),        };    }    @Override    public int menu(){        System.out.println("===========普通用户菜单============");        System.out.println("您好，用户 "+this.name+":");        System.out.println("欢迎来到图书馆!");        System.out.println("1. 显示图书");        System.out.println("2. 查找图书");        System.out.println("3. 借阅图书");        System.out.println("4. 归还图书");        System.out.println("0. 退出系统");        System.out.println("=================================");        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);        int choice = scanner.nextInt();        return choice;    }}

4. 创建操作相关的类

首先创建一个接口用于实现多态:

public interface IOperation {    void work(BookList bookList);}

创建添加书籍类:

public class AddOperation implements IOperation{    public void work(BookList bookList) {        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);        System.out.println("请输入图书名称:");        String name = scanner.nextLine();        System.out.println("请输入价格:");        double price = scanner.nextDouble();        System.out.println("请输入类型:");        String type = scanner.next();        System.out.println("请输入作者:");        String author = scanner.next();        Book book = new Book(name,price,type,author);        int usedSize = bookList.getUsedSize();        bookList.setBook(usedSize,book);        bookList.setUsedSize(++usedSize);        System.out.println("添加图书成功!");    }}

创建查找书籍类:

public class FindOperation implements IOperation{    public void work(BookList bookList){        System.out.println("请输入书名:");        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);        String name = scanner.next();        for(int i=0;i
创建借阅书籍类:
public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation {    public void work(BookList bookList) {        System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的书籍:");        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);        String name = scanner.next();        int i = 0;        for (i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize() - 1; i++) {            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);            if (name.equals(book.getName()) && !book.isBorrowed()) {                book.setBorrowed(true);                System.out.println("借阅成功!");                return;            }            if (name.equals(book.getName()) && book.isBorrowed()) {                System.out.println("该书籍已被借出");                return;            }        }        System.out.println("找不到你要借阅的书籍!");    }}
创建归还书籍类:
public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{    public void work(BookList bookList){        System.out.println("请输入你要归还的书籍:");        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);        String name = scanner.next();        int i=0;        for(i=0;i
创建删除书籍类:
public class DelOperation implements IOperation{    public void work(BookList bookList) {        System.out.println("请输入要删除的书名:");        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);        String name = scanner.next();        int index = 0;        int i = 0;        for(i=0;i=bookList.getUsedSize()) {            System.out.println("找不到这本书");            return;        }        int j = 0;        for (j = index;j< bookList.getUsedSize()-1;j++){            Book book = bookList.getBook(j+1);            bookList.setBook(j,book);        }        bookList.setBook(bookList.getUsedSize()-1, null);        bookList.setUsedSize(bookList.getUsedSize()-1);        System.out.println("删除成功!");    }}
创建打印书籍列表类:
public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation{    public void work(BookList bookList){        int usedSize = bookList.getUsedSize();        for (int i=0;i
退出系统类:
public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{    public void work(BookList bookList){        System.out.println("退出系统!");        System.exit(0);    }}
主函数类:
public class Main {    public static User work(){        System.out.println("请输入您的姓名:");        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);        String name = scanner.nextLine();        System.out.println("请输入身份: 1-> 管理员登录  0-> 用户登录");        int choice = scanner.nextInt();        if(choice==1){            return new AdminUser(name);        }            return new NormalUser(name);    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        BookList bookList = new BookList();        User user = work();        while (true) {        int choice = user.menu();            user.doWork(choice, bookList);        }    }}
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