Python实用脚本有哪些

本篇内容主要讲解"Python实用脚本有哪些"，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习"Python实用脚本有哪些"吧!

1.解决 linux 下 unzip 乱码的问题。

import osimport sysimport zipfileimport argparses = '\x1b[%d;%dm%s\x1b[0m'       def unzip(path):    file = zipfile.ZipFile(path,"r")    if args.secret:        file.setpassword(args.secret)    for name in file.namelist():        try:            utf8name=name.decode('gbk')            pathname = os.path.dirname(utf8name)        except:            utf8name=name            pathname = os.path.dirname(utf8name)        #print s % (1, 92, '  >> extracting:'), utf8name        #pathname = os.path.dirname(utf8name)        if not os.path.exists(pathname) and pathname != "":            os.makedirs(pathname)        data = file.read(name)        if not os.path.exists(utf8name):            try:                fo = open(utf8name, "w")                fo.write(data)                fo.close            except:                pass    file.close()def main(argv):    ######################################################    # for argparse    p = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='解决unzip乱码')    p.add_argument('xxx', type=str, nargs='*', \        help='命令对象.')    p.add_argument('-s', '--secret', action='store', \        default=None, help='密码')    global args    args = p.parse_args(argv[1:])    xxx = args.xxx    for path in xxx:        if path.endswith('.zip'):            if os.path.exists(path):                print s % (1, 97, '  ++ unzip:'), path                unzip(path)            else:                print s % (1, 91, '  !! file doesn\'t exist.'), path        else:            print s % (1, 91, '  !! file isn\'t a zip file.'), pathif __name__ == '__main__':    argv = sys.argv    main(argv)

2.统计当前根目录代码行数。

# coding=utf-8import osimport time# 设定根目录basedir = './'filelists = []# 指定想要统计的文件类型whitelist = ['cpp', 'h']#遍历文件, 递归遍历文件夹中的所有def getFile(basedir):    global filelists    for parent,dirnames,filenames in os.walk(basedir):        for filename in filenames:            ext = filename.split('.')[-1]            #只统计指定的文件类型，略过一些log和cache文件            if ext in whitelist:                filelists.append(os.path.join(parent,filename))#统计一个的行数def countLine(fname):    count = 0    # 把文件做二进制看待,read.    for file_line in open(fname, 'rb').readlines():        if file_line != '' and file_line != '\n': #过滤掉空行            count += 1    print (fname + '----' , count)    return countif __name__ == '__main__' :    startTime = time.clock()    getFile(basedir)    totalline = 0    for filelist in filelists:        totalline = totalline + countLine(filelist)    print ('total lines:',totalline)    print ('Done! Cost Time: %0.2f second' % (time.clock() - startTime))

3.扫描当前目录和所有子目录并显示大小。

import osimport sys      try:    directory = sys.argv[1]   except IndexError:    sys.exit("Must provide an argument.")dir_size = 0   fsizedicr = {'Bytes': 1,             'Kilobytes': float(1) / 1024,             'Megabytes': float(1) / (1024 * 1024),             'Gigabytes': float(1) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)}for (path, dirs, files) in os.walk(directory):          for file in files:                                      filename = os.path.join(path, file)        dir_size += os.path.getsize(filename)       fsizeList = [str(round(fsizedicr[key] * dir_size, 2)) + " " + key for key in fsizedicr] if dir_size == 0: print ("File Empty") else:  for units in sorted(fsizeList)[::-1]:       print ("Folder Size: " + units)

4.将源目录240天以上的所有文件移动到目标目录。

import shutilimport sysimport timeimport osimport argparseusage = 'python move_files_over_x_days.py -src [SRC] -dst [DST] -days [DAYS]'description = 'Move files from src to dst if they are older than a certain number of days.  Default is 240 days'args_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(usage=usage, description=description)args_parser.add_argument('-src', '--src', type=str, nargs='?', default='.', help='(OPTIONAL) Directory where files will be moved from. Defaults to current directory')args_parser.add_argument('-dst', '--dst', type=str, nargs='?', required=True, help='(REQUIRED) Directory where files will be moved to.')args_parser.add_argument('-days', '--days', type=int, nargs='?', default=240, help='(OPTIONAL) Days value specifies the minimum age of files to be moved. Default is 240.')args = args_parser.parse_args()if args.days < 0:    args.days = 0src = args.src  # 设置源目录dst = args.dst  # 设置目标目录days = args.days # 设置天数now = time.time()  # 获得当前时间if not os.path.exists(dst):    os.mkdir(dst)for f in os.listdir(src):  # 遍历源目录所有文件    if os.stat(f).st_mtime < now - days * 86400:  # 判断是否超过240天        if os.path.isfile(f):  # 检查是否是文件            shutil.move(f, dst)  # 移动文件

5.扫描脚本目录，并给出不同类型脚本的计数。

import os                                                                    import shutil                                                                from time import strftime                                                logsdir="c:\logs\puttylogs"                                            zipdir="c:\logs\puttylogs\zipped_logs"                            zip_program="zip.exe"                                                for files in os.listdir(logsdir):                                            if files.endswith(".log"):                                                files1=files+"."+strftime("%Y-%m-%d")+".zip"                os.chdir(logsdir)                                                         os.system(zip_program + " " +  files1 +" "+ files)            shutil.move(files1, zipdir)                                             os.remove(files)

6.下载Leetcode的算法题。

import sysimport reimport osimport argparseimport requestsfrom lxml import html as lxml_htmltry:    import htmlexcept ImportError:    import HTMLParser    html = HTMLParser.HTMLParser()try:    import cPickle as pkexcept ImportError:    import pickle as pkclass LeetcodeProblems(object):    def get_problems_info(self):        leetcode_url = 'https://leetcode.com/problemset/algorithms'        res = requests.get(leetcode_url)        if not res.ok:            print('request error')            sys.exit()        cm = res.text        cmt = cm.split('tbody>')[-2]        indexs = re.findall(r'(\d+)', cmt)        problem_urls = ['https://leetcode.com' + url \                        for url in re.findall(                            r'(.+?)", cmt)        tinfos = zip(indexs, levels, problem_urls)        assert (len(indexs) == len(problem_urls) == len(levels))        infos = []        for info in tinfos:            res = requests.get(info[-1])            if not res.ok:                print('request error')                sys.exit()            tree = lxml_html.fromstring(res.text)            title = tree.xpath('//meta[@property="og:title"]/@content')[0]            description = tree.xpath('//meta[@property="description"]/@content')            if not description:                description = tree.xpath('//meta[@property="og:description"]/@content')[0]            else:                description = description[0]            description = html.unescape(description.strip())            tags = tree.xpath('//div[@id="tags"]/following::a[@class="btn btn-xs btn-primary"]/text()')            infos.append(                {                    'title': title,                    'level': info[1],                    'index': int(info[0]),                    'description': description,                    'tags': tags                }            )        with open('leecode_problems.pk', 'wb') as g:            pk.dump(infos, g)        return infos    def to_text(self, pm_infos):        if self.args.index:            key = 'index'        elif self.args.title:            key = 'title'        elif self.args.tag:            key = 'tags'        elif self.args.level:            key = 'level'        else:            key = 'index'        infos = sorted(pm_infos, key=lambda i: i[key])        text_template = '## {index} - {title}\n' \            '~{level}~  {tags}\n' \            '{description}\n' + '\n' * self.args.line        text = ''        for info in infos:            if self.args.rm_blank:                info['description'] = re.sub(r'[\n\r]+', r'\n', info['description'])            text += text_template.format(**info)        with open('leecode problems.txt', 'w') as g:            g.write(text)    def run(self):        if os.path.exists('leecode_problems.pk') and not self.args.redownload:            with open('leecode_problems.pk', 'rb') as f:                pm_infos = pk.load(f)        else:            pm_infos = self.get_problems_info()        print('find %s problems.' % len(pm_infos))        self.to_text(pm_infos)def handle_args(argv):    p = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='extract all leecode problems to location')    p.add_argument('--index', action='store_true', help='sort by index')    p.add_argument('--level', action='store_true', help='sort by level')    p.add_argument('--tag', action='store_true', help='sort by tag')    p.add_argument('--title', action='store_true', help='sort by title')    p.add_argument('--rm_blank', action='store_true', help='remove blank')    p.add_argument('--line', action='store', type=int, default=10, help='blank of two problems')    p.add_argument('-r', '--redownload', action='store_true', help='redownload data')    args = p.parse_args(argv[1:])    return argsdef main(argv):    args = handle_args(argv)    x = LeetcodeProblems()    x.args = args    x.run()if __name__ == '__main__':    argv = sys.argv    main(argv)

7.将 Markdown 转换为 HTML。

import sysimport osfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoupimport markdownclass MarkdownToHtml:    headTag = ''    def __init__(self,cssFilePath = None):        if cssFilePath != None:            self.genStyle(cssFilePath)    def genStyle(self,cssFilePath):        with open(cssFilePath,'r') as f:            cssString = f.read()        self.headTag = self.headTag[:-7] + ''.format(cssString) + self.headTag[-7:]    def markdownToHtml(self, sourceFilePath, destinationDirectory = None, outputFileName = None):        if not destinationDirectory:            # 未定义输出目录则将源文件目录(注意要转换为绝对路径)作为输出目录            destinationDirectory = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sourceFilePath))        if not outputFileName:            # 未定义输出文件名则沿用输入文件名            outputFileName = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(sourceFilePath))[0] + '.html'        if destinationDirectory[-1] != '/':            destinationDirectory += '/'        with open(sourceFilePath,'r', encoding='utf8') as f:            markdownText = f.read()        # 编译出原始 HTML 文本        rawHtml = self.headTag + markdown.markdown(markdownText,output_format='html5')        # 格式化 HTML 文本为可读性更强的格式        beautifyHtml = BeautifulSoup(rawHtml,'html5lib').prettify()        with open(destinationDirectory + outputFileName, 'w', encoding='utf8') as f:            f.write(beautifyHtml)if __name__ == "__main__":    mth = MarkdownToHtml()    # 做一个命令行参数列表的浅拷贝，不包含脚本文件名    argv = sys.argv[1:]    # 目前列表 argv 可能包含源文件路径之外的元素（即选项信息）    # 程序最后遍历列表 argv 进行编译 markdown 时，列表中的元素必须全部是源文件路径    outputDirectory = None    if '-s' in argv:        cssArgIndex = argv.index('-s') +1        cssFilePath = argv[cssArgIndex]        # 检测样式表文件路径是否有效        if not os.path.isfile(cssFilePath):            print('Invalid Path: '+cssFilePath)            sys.exit()        mth.genStyle(cssFilePath)        # pop 顺序不能随意变化        argv.pop(cssArgIndex)        argv.pop(cssArgIndex-1)    if '-o' in argv:        dirArgIndex = argv.index('-o') +1        outputDirectory = argv[dirArgIndex]        # 检测输出目录是否有效        if not os.path.isdir(outputDirectory):            print('Invalid Directory: ' + outputDirectory)            sys.exit()        # pop 顺序不能随意变化        argv.pop(dirArgIndex)        argv.pop(dirArgIndex-1)    # 至此，列表 argv 中的元素均是源文件路径    # 遍历所有源文件路径    for filePath in argv:        # 判断文件路径是否有效        if os.path.isfile(filePath):            mth.markdownToHtml(filePath, outputDirectory)        else:            print('Invalid Path: ' + filePath)

8.文本文件编码检测与转换。

import sysimport osimport argparsefrom chardet.universaldetector import UniversalDetectorparser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description = '文本文件编码检测与转换')parser.add_argument('filePaths', nargs = '+',                   help = '检测或转换的文件路径')parser.add_argument('-e', '--encoding', nargs = '?', const = 'UTF-8',                   help = '''目标编码。支持的编码有：ASCII, (Default) UTF-8 (with or without a BOM), UTF-16 (with a BOM),UTF-32 (with a BOM), Big5, GB2312/GB18030, EUC-TW, HZ-GB-2312, ISO-2022-CN, EUC-JP, SHIFT_JIS, ISO-2022-JP,ISO-2022-KR, KOI8-R, MacCyrillic, IBM855, IBM866, ISO-8859-5, windows-1251, ISO-8859-2, windows-1250, EUC-KR,ISO-8859-5, windows-1251, ISO-8859-1, windows-1252, ISO-8859-7, windows-1253, ISO-8859-8, windows-1255, TIS-620''')parser.add_argument('-o', '--output',                   help = '输出目录')# 解析参数，得到一个 Namespace 对象args = parser.parse_args()# 输出目录不为空即视为开启转换, 若未指定转换编码，则默认为 UTF-8if args.output != None:    if not args.encoding:        # 默认使用编码 UTF-8        args.encoding = 'UTF-8'    # 检测用户提供的输出目录是否有效    if not os.path.isdir(args.output):        print('Invalid Directory: ' + args.output)        sys.exit()    else:        if args.output[-1] != '/':            args.output += '/'# 实例化一个通用检测器detector = UniversalDetector()print()print('Encoding (Confidence)',':','File path')for filePath in args.filePaths:    # 检测文件路径是否有效，无效则跳过    if not os.path.isfile(filePath):        print('Invalid Path: ' + filePath)        continue    # 重置检测器    detector.reset()    # 以二进制模式读取文件    for each in open(filePath, 'rb'):        # 检测器读取数据        detector.feed(each)        # 若检测完成则跳出循环        if detector.done:            break    # 关闭检测器    detector.close()    # 读取结果    charEncoding = detector.result['encoding']    confidence = detector.result['confidence']    # 打印信息    if charEncoding is None:        charEncoding = 'Unknown'        confidence = 0.99    print('{} {:>12} : {}'.format(charEncoding.rjust(8),        '('+str(confidence*100)+'%)', filePath))    if args.encoding and charEncoding != 'Unknown' and confidence > 0.6:        # 若未设置输出目录则覆盖源文件        outputPath = args.output + os.path.basename(filePath) if args.output else filePath        with open(filePath, 'r', encoding = charEncoding, errors = 'replace') as f:            temp = f.read()        with open(outputPath, 'w', encoding = args.encoding, errors = 'replace') as f:            f.write(temp)

到此，相信大家对"Python实用脚本有哪些"有了更深的了解，不妨来实际操作一番吧！这里是网站，更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询，关注我们，继续学习！