Python+PyQt如何实现数据库表格动态增删改

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题目描述

本次实验为连接数据库的实验，并对数据库进行一些简单的操作，要实现的基本功能如下所示，要能连接并展现数据库里的数据，能够实现插入功能。

拓展;

• 实现按学号查找学生信息功能

• 实现清空数据功能

• 实现保存数据功能

• 实现右键菜单功能

解题思路/算法分析/问题及解决

本次实验可主要分为两个部分，即数据库连接操作部分和数据可视化操作界面部分。

数据库连接部分采用python的pymysql库对数据库进行连接操作。

数据可视化部分采用tableWidget控件进行表格化的呈现，并通过相应的控件交互来实现功能。TableWidget的主要方法如下表所示：

实验代码

数据库连接

def db_connect(self):        self.db = pymysql.connect(host='localhost',                             user='root',                             password='Zwq197166',                             port=3306,                             database='test')

可视化界面操作部分

def inser_row(self, row, sid, name, sex, address):        sid_item = QTableWidgetItem(sid)        name_item = QTableWidgetItem(name)        sex_item = QTableWidgetItem(sex)        address_item = QTableWidgetItem(address)        self.tableWidget.insertRow(row)        self.tableWidget.setItem(row, 0, sid_item)        self.tableWidget.setItem(row, 1, name_item)        self.tableWidget.setItem(row, 2, sex_item)        self.tableWidget.setItem(row, 3, address_item)    @pyqtSlot()    def on_button_load_clicked(self):        if self.button_save.isEnabled():            r = QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "是否覆盖当前表格数据", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.Yes)            if r == QMessageBox.No:                return        self.tableWidget.setRowCount(0)        self.tableWidget.clearContents()        self.db_connect()        cursor = self.db.cursor()        sql = "select * from my_student;"        try:            cursor.execute(sql)            results = cursor.fetchall()            for (sid, name, sex,address) in results:                print(sid, name, sex, address)                row = self.tableWidget.rowCount()                # print(row)                self.inser_row(row, sid, name, sex, address)                data[sid] = [name, sex, address]        except:            print("unable to fetch data")        self.db.close()        self.button_save.setEnabled(True)        print("load")    @pyqtSlot()    def on_button_add_clicked(self):        di = inputDialog()        ok = di.exec_()        if not ok:            return        name = di.line_name.text()        sid = di.line_id.text()        sex = di.line_sex.text()        address = di.line_address.text()        print(name,sid)        print(type(address))        data[sid] = [name, sex, address]        self.inser_row(self.tableWidget.rowCount(), sid, name, sex, address)        print(data)        print("add")        # self.tableWidget.insertRow(self.tableWidget.rowCount()-1)        self.button_save.setEnabled(True)    @pyqtSlot()    def on_button_save_clicked(self):        print(data)        self.db_connect()        cursor = self.db.cursor()        try:            sql = "delete from my_student;"            cursor.execute(sql)            # self.db.commit()            for key, value in data.items():                sql = "insert into my_student(sid,name,sex,address) values('{sid}','{name}','{sex}','{address}');".format(sid=key, name=value[0], sex=value[1], address=value[2])                print(sql)                cursor.execute(sql)            self.db.commit()            self.db.close()            print("save")            self.button_save.setEnabled(False)        except:            QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "数据格式有误，请检查")    @pyqtSlot()    def on_button_clear_clicked(self):        self.tableWidget.setRowCount(0)        self.tableWidget.clearContents()        data.clear()        self.line_id.clear()        self.button_save.setEnabled(True)    @pyqtSlot()    def on_button_search_clicked(self):        sid = self.line_id.text()        if not sid:            QMessageBox.critical(self, "警告", "请输入一个学号！")            return        print(sid)        if sid in data:            search = INFO(sid)            search.exec_()            # print("search")        else:            QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "该学号不存在！")    @pyqtSlot(QTableWidgetItem)    def on_tableWidget_itemActivated(self, item):        """        按住Enter键时，当前选中的单元格向下        """        row = self.tableWidget.row(item)        column = self.tableWidget.column(item)        totalrow = self.tableWidget.rowCount()        if row + 1 < totalrow:            row = self.tableWidget.row(item) + 1            self.tableWidget.setCurrentCell(row, column)        elif row + 2 == totalrow:            row = totalrow - 1            self.tableWidget.setCurrentCell(row, column)    @pyqtSlot(int, int)    def on_tableWidget_cellDoubleClicked(self, row, column):        id = self.tableWidget.item(row, 0).text()        di = inputDialog(sid=id)        ok = di.exec_()        if not ok:            return        name = di.line_name.text()        sid = di.line_id.text()        sex = di.line_sex.text()        address = di.line_address.text()        print("before:", id)        print("after:", sid)        self.tableWidget.item(row, 0).setText(sid)        self.tableWidget.item(row, 1).setText(name)        self.tableWidget.item(row, 2).setText(sex)        self.tableWidget.item(row, 3).setText(address)        data[sid] = [name, sex, address]        if id != sid:            del data[id]        self.button_save.setEnabled(True)    def closeEvent(self, event):        if self.button_save.isEnabled():            r = QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "你还有操作没保存，现在保存下？", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.Yes)            if r == QMessageBox.No:                event.accept()            else:                event.ignore()    def context_menu(self,pos):        pop_menu = QMenu()        change_new_event = pop_menu.addAction("修改行")        delete_event = pop_menu.addAction("删除行")        action = pop_menu.exec_(self.tableWidget.mapToGlobal(pos))        if action == change_new_event:            item = self.tableWidget.selectedItems()            row = item[0].row()            id = self.tableWidget.item(row, 0).text()            di = inputDialog(sid=id)            ok = di.exec_()            if not ok:                return            name = di.line_name.text()            sid = di.line_id.text()            sex = di.line_sex.text()            address = di.line_address.text()            print("before:",id)            print("after:",sid)            self.tableWidget.item(row, 0).setText(sid)            self.tableWidget.item(row, 1).setText(name)            self.tableWidget.item(row, 2).setText(sex)            self.tableWidget.item(row, 3).setText(address)            data[sid] = [name, sex, address]            if id != sid:                del data[id]            self.button_save.setEnabled(True)        elif action == delete_event:            r = QMessageBox.warning(self, "注意", "删除可不能恢复了哦！", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.No)            if r == QMessageBox.No:                return            items = self.tableWidget.selectedItems()            if items:                selected_rows = []                for i in items:                    row = i.row()                    if row not in selected_rows:                        selected_rows.append(row)                selected_rows = sorted(selected_rows, reverse=True)                for r in selected_rows:                    sid = self.tableWidget.item(r, 0).text()                    del data[sid]                    self.tableWidget.removeRow(r)            self.button_save.setEnabled(True)class inputDialog(QDialog, Ui_Dialog_input):    def __init__(self, sid=None):        super(inputDialog, self).__init__()        self.setupUi(self)        self.sid = sid        self.buttonBox.accepted.connect(self.check)        if sid:            self.line_id.setText(sid)            self.line_name.setText(data[sid][0])            self.line_sex.setText(data[sid][1])            self.line_address.setText(data[sid][2])    def check(self):        sid = self.line_id.text()        name = self.line_name.text()        if sid in data and self.sid not in data:            r = QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "该学号已存在!", QMessageBox.Ok)            return        if not sid:            r = QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "学号为必填项!", QMessageBox.Ok)            return        if not name:            r = QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "姓名为必填项!", QMessageBox.Ok)            return        self.accept()        # print('miss')class INFO(QDialog, Ui_Dialog_info):    def __init__(self, id: str):        super(INFO, self).__init__()        self.setupUi(self)        self.line_id.setText(id)        self.line_name.setText(data[id][0])        self.line_sex.setText(data[id][1])        self.line_address.setText(data[id][2])    @pyqtSlot()    def on_button_confirm_clicked(self):        # print(1)        self.close()

运行结果

导入数据：

添加数据：

清空数据：

搜索数据：

修改数据：

双击修改

右键菜单修改：

删除后：

保存数据：

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