Python django导出excel的方法是什么

这篇文章主要讲解了"Python django导出excel的方法是什么"，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习"Python django导出excel的方法是什么"吧！

一、基础环境

web架构：前后端分离，前端使用vue，后端使用django 的rest framework

django版本3.2

django-excel 版本0.0.10

djangorestframework版本3.12.4

二、需求

界面导出excel数据内容

导入model包含外键类型

三、功能实现

1.不使用序列化类：需要手动实现外键对象转换为外键值

2.使用序化类：

四、源码

#models.pyfrom django.db import modelsfrom django.utils import timezoneclass MyITtype(models.Model):    name = models.CharField(verbose_name="名称", max_length=128, unique=True)    ittype = models.SmallIntegerField(verbose_name="类型")    comment = models.TextField(verbose_name="备注", blank=True, default="")    def __str__(self):        return self.name    class Meta:        db_table = "MyITtype"        verbose_name = "it资产类型"class MyAsset(models.Model):    ittype = models.ForeignKey(MyITtype, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, verbose_name="产品类型", null=True)    code = models.CharField(verbose_name="资产编码", max_length=128, unique=True)    buytime = models.DateField(verbose_name="入仓时间", default=timezone.now)    usetime = models.DateField(verbose_name="分配时间", default=timezone.now)    comment = models.TextField(verbose_name="规格说明", blank=True, default="")    user = models.CharField(verbose_name="使用人", max_length=128, blank=True, default="")    status = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="状态")    def __str__(self):        return self.code    class Meta:        db_table = "opGTITAsset"        verbose_name = "it固产"

一、序化类实现

#asset-export.pyfrom rest_framework.views import APIViewfrom rest_framework.response import Responsefrom rest_framework.serializers import ModelSerializerfrom .models import MyAssetimport django_excel as excelclass ITAssetSer(ModelSerializer):    class Meta:        model = MyAsset        fields = '__all__'class ITAssetExport(APIView):    """"""    use_model = MyAsset    queryset = use_model.objects.all()    serializer_class = ITAssetSer    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):        try:            data = request.data            id_list = data.get("data")            obj_list = self.queryset.all()            # 如果有值，表示导出部分，否则导出全部            if id_list:                obj_list = obj_list.filter(id__in=id_list)            ser = self.serializer_class(instance=obj_list, many=True)            return MakeExcel(obj_list=ser.data, class_name=self.use_model, filename="itasset")        except:            ret = {                "code": 599,                "message": "导出数据出错"            }            return Response(ret)    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):        self.http_method_not_allowed(request, *args, **kwargs)def MakeExcel(obj_list, class_name, filename):    """    制作excel表    :param ser_list: 内容列表    :param class_name: 类名    :param filename: 文件名    :return:    """    meta_fields = class_name._meta.fields    name_list = [field.name for field in meta_fields]    header_list = [field.verbose_name for field in meta_fields]    wdata = [header_list]    for obj in obj_list:        data = [obj[name] for name in name_list]        wdata.append(data)    sheet = excel.pe.Sheet(wdata)    response = excel.make_response(pyexcel_instance=sheet, file_name=filename, file_type="xlsx")    return response

二、手动转换外键实现

#asset-export.pyfrom rest_framework.views import APIViewfrom rest_framework.response import Responsefrom rest_framework.objializers import ModelSerializerfrom .models import MyAssetimport django_excel as excelclass ITAssetSer(ModelSerializer):    class Meta:        model = MyAsset        fields = '__all__'class ITAssetExport(APIView):    """"""    use_model = MyAsset    queryset = use_model.objects.all()    objializer_class = ITAssetSer    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):        try:            obj_list = self.use_model.objects.all()            return MakeExcel(obj_list=obj_list, class_name=self.use_model, filename="itasset")        except:            ret = {                "code": 599,                "message": "导出数据出错"            }            return Response(ret)    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):        self.http_method_not_allowed(request, *args, **kwargs)def MakeExcel(obj_list, class_name, filename):    """    制作excel表    :param obj_list: 内容列表    :param class_name: 类名    :param filename: 文件名    :return:    """    meta_fields = class_name._meta.fields    name_list = [field.name for field in meta_fields]    header_list = [field.verbose_name for field in meta_fields]    wdata = [header_list] for obj in obj_list:        data = []        for name in name_list:            value = eval("obj." + name)  # 等价于getattr(obj,name)，即获取该对象某个字段内容            if isinstance(value, Model):                value = eval("".join(["obj." + name + "_id"]))  # 等价于obj.name_id，即获取该对象中外键对象数值            data.append(value)            # 参考例子            # data = [getattr(obj, name) if name != "ittype" else obj.ittype_id for name in name_list]        wdata.append(data)    sheet = excel.pe.Sheet(wdata)    response = excel.make_response(pyexcel_instance=sheet, file_name=filename, file_type="xlsx")    return response

感谢各位的阅读，以上就是"Python django导出excel的方法是什么"的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对Python django导出excel的方法是什么这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是，小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！