SQL Server如何进行表分区删除

这篇文章主要介绍SQL Server如何进行表分区删除，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！

一、引言

删除分区又称为合并分区，简单地讲就是将多个分区的数据进行合并。现以表Sales.SalesOrderHeader作为示例，演示如何进行表分区删除。

重要的事情说三遍：备份数据库！备份数据库！备份数据库！

二、演示

2.1、数据查询

2.1.1、 查看分区元数据

SELECT * FROM SYS.PARTITION_FUNCTIONS       --分区函数SELECT * FROM SYS.PARTITION_RANGE_VALUES    --分区方案

2.1.2、统计每个分区的数据量

SELECT $PARTITION.SalesOrderHeader_OrderDate(OrderDate) AS NUMBER,COUNT(1) AS COUNTFROM [Sales].[SalesOrderHeader]GROUP BY $PARTITION.SalesOrderHeader_OrderDate(OrderDate)

分区表中有数据时，是不能够删除分区方案和分区函数的，只能将数据先移到其它表中，再删除。

2.2、删除实操

2.2.1、合并原表分区

ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION SalesOrderHeader_OrderDate() MERGE RANGE('2011-01-01 00:00:00.000')ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION SalesOrderHeader_OrderDate() MERGE RANGE('2012-01-01 00:00:00.000')ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION SalesOrderHeader_OrderDate() MERGE RANGE('2013-01-01 00:00:00.000')ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION SalesOrderHeader_OrderDate() MERGE RANGE('2014-01-01 00:00:00.000')

2.2.2、备份原表所有索引的创建脚本

ALTER TABLE [Sales].[SalesOrderHeader] ADD  CONSTRAINT [PK_SalesOrderHeader_SalesOrderID] PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED (    [SalesOrderID] ASC)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

2.2.3、删除原表所有索引

ALTER TABLE [Sales].[SalesOrderHeader] DROP CONSTRAINT [PK_SalesOrderHeader_SalesOrderID]

2.2.4、创建临时表

CREATE TABLE [Sales].[SalesOrderHeader_Temp](    [SalesOrderID] [INT] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT FOR REPLICATION NOT NULL,    [RevisionNumber] [TINYINT] NOT NULL,    [OrderDate] [DATETIME] NOT NULL,    [DueDate] [DATETIME] NOT NULL,    [ShipDate] [DATETIME] NULL,    [Status] [TINYINT] NOT NULL,    [OnlineOrderFlag] [dbo].[Flag] NOT NULL,    [SalesOrderNumber]  AS (ISNULL(N'SO'+CONVERT([NVARCHAR](23),[SalesOrderID]),N'*** ERROR ***')),    [PurchaseOrderNumber] [dbo].[OrderNumber] NULL,    [AccountNumber] [dbo].[AccountNumber] NULL,    [CustomerID] [INT] NOT NULL,    [SalesPersonID] [INT] NULL,    [TerritoryID] [INT] NULL,    [BillToAddressID] [INT] NOT NULL,    [ShipToAddressID] [INT] NOT NULL,    [ShipMethodID] [INT] NOT NULL,    [CreditCardID] [INT] NULL,    [CreditCardApprovalCode] [VARCHAR](15) NULL,    [CurrencyRateID] [INT] NULL,    [SubTotal] [MONEY] NOT NULL,    [TaxAmt] [MONEY] NOT NULL,    [Freight] [MONEY] NOT NULL,    [TotalDue]  AS (ISNULL(([SubTotal]+[TaxAmt])+[Freight],(0))),    [Comment] [NVARCHAR](128) NULL,    [rowguid] [UNIQUEIDENTIFIER] ROWGUIDCOL  NOT NULL,    [ModifiedDate] [DATETIME] NOT NULL)

2.2.5、更改原表数据空间类型

1）对着原表Sales.SalesOrderHeader点击"右键"->"设计"。

2）点击菜单栏"视图"->"属性窗口"。

3）将数据空间类型更改为"文件组"，常规数据空间规范默认为"PRIMARY"。

2.2.6、移动原表分区数据到临时表

ALTER TABLE [Sales].[SalesOrderHeader] SWITCH PARTITION 1 TO [Sales].[SalesOrderHeader_Temp] PARTITION 1

2.2.7、创建原表所有索引 到临时表

ALTER TABLE [Sales].[SalesOrderHeader_Temp] ADD  CONSTRAINT [PK_SalesOrderHeader_SalesOrderID] PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED (    [SalesOrderID] ASC)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

2.2.8、删除原表

DROP TABLE Sales.SalesOrderHeader

2.2.9、删除分区方案和分区函数

DROP PARTITION SCHEME SalesOrderHeader_OrderDateDROP PARTITION FUNCTION SalesOrderHeader_OrderDate

2.2.10重命名表名

EXEC SP_RENAME '[Sales].[SalesOrderHeader_Temp]','SalesOrderHeader'

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