Hive基础操作的示例代码

这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关Hive基础操作的示例代码，小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。

1.在hive的服务端新建源数据

[root@hadoop5 ~]# cat hivedata 1,xiaoming,read-tv-code,beijing:chaoyang-shanghai:pudong2,lisi,cook-game,chongqing:yongchun-sichuan:yibing3,zhangsan,shop-eat,shanghai:xujiahui

2.创建内部表

create table test1(id int,name string,likes array,address map)row format delimitedfields terminated by ','collection items terminated by '-'map keys terminated by ':';

3.将数据导入hive

load data local inpath '/root/hivedata' into table test1;

0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000> select * from test1;+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+| test1.id  | test1.name  |      test1.likes      |                test1.address                 |+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+| 1         | xiaoming    | ["read","tv","code"]  | {"beijing":"chaoyang","shanghai":"pudong"}   || 2         | lisi        | ["cook","game"]       | {"chongqing":"yongchun","sichuan":"yibing"}  || 3         | zhangsan    | ["shop","eat"]        | {"shanghai":"xujiahui"}                      |+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+3 rows selected (0.207 seconds)0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000>

4.创建外部表（在hive中删除后，hdfs上数据不会删除）

create external table test2(id int,name string,likes array,address map)row format delimitedfields terminated by ','collection items terminated by '-'map keys terminated by ':'location '/user/test2';

5.以test1的部分列为模板创建test3

create table test3 as select id, name from test1;

0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000> desc test3;+-----------+------------+----------+| col_name  | data_type  | comment  |+-----------+------------+----------+| id        | int        |          || name      | string     |          |+-----------+------------+----------+2 rows selected (0.406 seconds)0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000>

6.参照test1创建test4

create table test4 like test1;

7.创建分区表

create table test5(id int,name string,likes array,address map)partitioned by (sex string)row format delimitedfields terminated by ','collection items terminated by '-'map keys terminated by ':';

0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000> desc test5;+--------------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+|         col_name         |       data_type       |        comment        |+--------------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+| id                       | int                   |                       || name                     | string                |                       || likes                    | array         |                       || address                  | map    |                       || sex                      | string                |                       ||                          | NULL                  | NULL                  || # Partition Information  | NULL                  | NULL                  || # col_name               | data_type             | comment               ||                          | NULL                  | NULL                  || sex                      | string                |                       |+--------------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+10 rows selected (0.382 seconds)0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000>

8.为该分区添加加载数据

load data local inpath '/root/hivedata' into table test5 partition (sex='boy');

0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000> select * from test5;+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+------------+| test5.id  | test5.name  |      test5.likes      |                test5.address                 | test5.sex  |+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+------------+| 1         | xiaoming    | ["read","tv","code"]  | {"beijing":"chaoyang","shanghai":"pudong"}   | boy        || 2         | lisi        | ["cook","game"]       | {"chongqing":"yongchun","sichuan":"yibing"}  | boy        || 3         | zhangsan    | ["shop","eat"]        | {"shanghai":"xujiahui"}                      | boy        |+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+------------+3 rows selected (0.784 seconds)0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000>

9.为test5添加一个sex=girl的分区

alter table test5 add partition (sex='girl');

10.删除一个分区

alter table test5 drop partition (sex='girl');

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