构建虚拟Web主机实例

构建虚拟Web主机实例

虚拟web主机的定义：

●在同一台服务器中运行多个Web站点,其中每一个站点并不独立占用一台真正的计算机

虚拟主机的优势：

​ 虚拟Web主机指的是在同一台服务器中运行多个Web站点，其中的每一个站点实际上并不独自占用整个服务器，因此

被称为"虚拟Web主机"。 通过虚拟Web主机服务可以充分利用服务器的硬件资源，从而大大降低网站构建及运行成本。

httpd支持的虚拟主机类型：

●基于域名的虚拟主机 （应用最为广泛）
●基于IP地址的虚拟主机
●基于端口的虚拟主机

特征关系对应分别如下

• ip相同、端口相同，域名不同；

• ip不同，端口不同；

• ip相同，端口不同。

1）基于域名构建示例

构建两个虚拟web站点

1.www.jj.com

2.www.kk.com

实际流程如下：

使用一台httpd服务器搭建，ip地址为192.168.68.145.具体构建过程如下：

1.为虚拟主机提供域名解析

安装bind和httpd服务：yum install -y bind httpd

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.conf [root@localhost ~]# head -21 /etc/named.conf |tail options {        listen-on port 53 { any; };        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };        directory       "/var/named";        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";        recursing-file  "/var/named/data/named.recursing";        secroots-file   "/var/named/data/named.secroots";        allow-query     { any; };[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones [root@localhost ~]# head -34 /etc/named.rfc1912.zones | tail zone "ll.com" IN {        type master;        file "ll.com.zone";        allow-update { none; };};zone "cc.com" IN {        type master;        file "cc.com.zone";        allow-update { none; };[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/named/[root@localhost named]# lsdata  dynamic  named.ca  named.empty  named.localhost  named.loopback  slaves[root@localhost named]# cp -p named.localhost ll.com.zone[root@localhost named]# vim ll.com.zone [root@localhost named]# cp -p ll.com.zone cc.com.zone[root@localhost named]# cat ll.com.zone $TTL 1D@       IN SOA  @ rname.invalid. (                                        0       ; serial                                        1D      ; refresh                                        1H      ; retry                                        1W      ; expire                                        3H )    ; minimum        NS      @        A       127.0.0.1www IN  A       192.168.68.145[root@localhost named]# cat cc.com.zone $TTL 1D@       IN SOA  @ rname.invalid. (                                        0       ; serial                                        1D      ; refresh                                        1H      ; retry                                        1W      ; expire                                        3H )    ; minimum        NS      @        A       127.0.0.1www IN  A       192.168.68.145[root@localhost named]# systemctl start named[root@localhost named]# systemctl stop firewalld.service [root@localhost named]# setenforce usage:  setenforce [ Enforcing | Permissive | 1 | 0 ][root@localhost named]# setenforce 0[root@localhost named]# systemctl start httpd

测试是否成功

[root@localhost named]# cd /etc/httpd/[root@localhost httpd]# cd conf[root@localhost conf]# lshttpd.conf  magic[root@localhost conf]# mkdir extra[root@localhost conf]# lsextra  httpd.conf  magic[root@localhost conf]# cd extra/[root@localhost extra]# vim vhost.conf [root@localhost extra]# cat vhost.conf   DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/ll/"  ServerName www.ll.com  ErrorLog "logs/www.ll.com.error_log"  CustomLog "logs/www.ll.com.access_log" common        Require all granted    DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/cc/"  ServerName www.cc.com  ErrorLog "logs/www.cc.com.error_log"  CustomLog "logs/www.cc.com.access_log" common       Require all granted  [root@localhost extra]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf [root@localhost extra]# tail -2 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf IncludeOptional conf.d/*.confInclude conf/extra/vhost.conf[root@localhost extra]# systemctl restart httpd

2）基于端口构建示例

根据以上过程可以继续配置来完成基于端口的构建：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/extra/vhost.conf [root@localhost ~]# tail /etc/httpd/conf/extra/vhost.conf   DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/cc02/"  ServerName www.cc.com  ErrorLog "logs/www.cc02.com.error_log"  CustomLog "logs/www.cc02.com.access_log" common       Require all granted  [root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/html/[root@localhost html]# mkdir cc02[root@localhost html]# lscc  cc02  ll[root@localhost html]# cd cc02/[root@localhost cc02]# vim index.html [root@localhost cc02]# cat index.html 
this is cc02 web
[root@localhost cc02]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf [root@localhost cc02]# head -43 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf | tail -3Listen 192.168.68.145:80Listen 192.168.68.145:8080#Listen 80[root@localhost cc02]# systemctl restart httpd

测试验证：输入http://www.cc02.com:8080/即可

3）基于IP地址构建示例

[root@localhost cc02]# vim  /etc/httpd/conf/extra/vhost.conf [root@localhost cc02]# cat /etc/httpd/conf/extra/vhost.conf   DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/ll/"  #ServerName www.ll.com  ErrorLog "logs/www.ll.com.error_log"  CustomLog "logs/www.ll.com.access_log" common        Require all granted    DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/ll02/"  #ServerName www.ll.com  ErrorLog "logs/www.ll02.com.error_log"  CustomLog "logs/www.ll02.com.access_log" common        Require all granted  ##  DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/cc/"#  ServerName www.cc.com#  ErrorLog "logs/www.cc.com.error_log"#  CustomLog "logs/www.cc.com.access_log" common#  #     Require all granted#  ####  DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/cc02/"#  ServerName www.cc.com#  ErrorLog "logs/www.cc02.com.error_log"#  CustomLog "logs/www.cc02.com.access_log" common#  #     Require all granted#  #[root@localhost cc02]# mkdir ll02[root@localhost cc02]# cd ll02[root@localhost ll02]# vim index.html[root@localhost ll02]# cat index.html 
this is ll02 146
[root@localhost ll02]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf [root@localhost ll02]# head -43 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf  | tail -5# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.#Listen 192.168.68.145:80Listen 192.168.68.146:80#Listen 192.168.68.145:8080

测试验证：输入192.168.68.146