硬盘管理工具介绍：smartctl

一、安装命令

[root@localhost scripts]# smartctl --all /dev/sda -bash: smartctl: 未找到命令[root@localhost scripts]# yum search smartctl -y已加载插件：fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com======================================================================================= 匹配：smartctl ========================================================================================smartmontools.x86_64 : Tools for monitoring SMART capable hard disks[root@localhost scripts]# yum install smartmontools.x86_64 -y

二、参数介绍:

smartctl -i 指定设备-d 指定设备类型,例如：ata, scsi, marvell, sat, 3ware,N-a 或A 显示所有信息-l 指定日志的类型，例如:TYPE: error, selftest, selective, directory,background, scttemp[sts,hist]-H 查看硬盘健康状态-t short 后台检测硬盘，消耗时间短-t long 后台检测硬盘，消耗时间长-C -t short 前台检测硬盘，消耗时间短-C -t long 前台检测硬盘，消耗时间长-X 中断后台检测硬盘-l selftest 显示硬盘检测日志

三、命令演示介绍：

运行 smartctl --scan 以打印附加设备id和RAID类型的所有设备：

[root@localhost scripts]# smartctl --scan /dev/sda -d scsi # /dev/sda, SCSI device/dev/sdb -d scsi # /dev/sdb, SCSI device/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,0 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_00], SCSI device/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,1 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_01], SCSI device在这里，megaraid 是RAID类型，megaraid_disk_00第一个0代表的是raid0  第二个0代表的是硬盘设备 id 0         megaraid 是RAID类型，megaraid_disk_01第一个0代表的是raid1  第二个1代表的是硬盘设备 id 1

[root@localhost scripts]#  smartctl -i /dev/sda1 smartctl 7.0 2018-12-30 r4883 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.orgSmartctl open device: /dev/sda1 failed: DELL or MegaRaid controller, please try adding '-d megaraid,N'由于演示的服务器是dell的，同时事先给这个机器的2块ssd硬盘做了raid0的[root@localhost scripts]# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -cfgdsply -aALL|grep -A7 "Virtual Drive Information"|sed '1d'Virtual Drive: 0 (Target Id: 0)Name                :RAID Level          : Primary-0, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0Size                : 223.0 GBState               : OptimalStrip Size          : 64 KBNumber Of Drives    : 1--Virtual Drive Information:Virtual Drive: 1 (Target Id: 1)Name                :RAID Level          : Primary-0, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0Size                : 223.0 GBState               : OptimalStrip Size          : 64 KBNumber Of Drives    : 1

查看硬盘设备类型（dell服务器，并且磁盘做了raid0的）：

[root@localhost scripts]#  smartctl -i /dev/sda1  -d megaraid,0smartctl 7.0 2018-12-30 r4883 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===Model Family:     Intel 730 and DC S35x0/3610/3700 Series SSDsDevice Model:     INTEL SSDSC2BB240G7Serial Number:    PHDV7234023C240AGNLU WWN Device Id: 5 5cd2e4 14e0aaaf5Firmware Version: N2010112User Capacity:    240,057,409,536 bytes [240 GB]Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physicalRotation Rate:    Solid State DeviceForm Factor:      2.5 inchesDevice is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]ATA Version is:   ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 5SATA Version is:  SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)Local Time is:    Fri Jan 17 17:13:49 2020 CSTSMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.SMART support is: Enabled

super server 超威服务器：主板未绑定raid卡， 硬盘没有做raid

[root@localhost ~]# smartctl -i /dev/sda  smartctl 7.0 2018-12-30 r4883 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===Device Model:     SanDisk SD8SBAT256G1122Serial Number:    161855404280LU WWN Device Id: 5 001b44 4a4b8c6caFirmware Version: Z2333000User Capacity:    256,060,514,304 bytes [256 GB]Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physicalRotation Rate:    Solid State DeviceForm Factor:      2.5 inchesDevice is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]ATA Version is:   ACS-2 T13/2015-D revision 3SATA Version is:  SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)Local Time is:    Fri Jan 17 17:35:09 2020 CSTSMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.SMART support is: Enabled

查看硬盘型号,检测硬盘状态,查看硬盘报错日志：

[root@localhost ~]# smartctl -i /dev/sda -H -l error smartctl 7.0 2018-12-30 r4883 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===Device Model:     SanDisk SD8SBAT256G1122Serial Number:    161855404280LU WWN Device Id: 5 001b44 4a4b8c6caFirmware Version: Z2333000User Capacity:    256,060,514,304 bytes [256 GB]Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physicalRotation Rate:    Solid State DeviceForm Factor:      2.5 inchesDevice is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]ATA Version is:   ACS-2 T13/2015-D revision 3SATA Version is:  SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)Local Time is:    Fri Jan 17 17:40:50 2020 CSTSMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.SMART support is: Enabled=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSEDSMART Error Log Version: 1No Errors Logged

dell服务器查看磁盘的详细信息：

[root@localhost ~]# smartctl -a /dev/sda[root@localhost ~]# smartctl -A /dev/sda1 -d megaraid,0[root@localhost ~]# smartctl -a /dev/sda1 -d megaraid,0[root@localhost ~]# smartctl -a -d megaraid,0 /dev/sda -s on smartctl 7.0 2018-12-30 r4883 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===Model Family:     Intel 730 and DC S35x0/3610/3700 Series SSDsDevice Model:     INTEL SSDSC2BB240G7Serial Number:    PHDV7234023C240AGNLU WWN Device Id: 5 5cd2e4 14e0aaaf5Firmware Version: N2010112User Capacity:    240,057,409,536 bytes [240 GB]Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physicalRotation Rate:    Solid State DeviceForm Factor:      2.5 inchesDevice is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]ATA Version is:   ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 5SATA Version is:  SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)Local Time is:    Fri Feb  7 17:24:40 2020 CSTSMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.SMART support is: Enabled=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===SMART Enabled.=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===SMART Status not supported: ATA return descriptor not supported by controller firmwareSMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSEDWarning: This result is based on an Attribute check.General SMART Values:Offline data collection status:  (0x00) Offline data collection activity                    was never started.                    Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed                    without error or no self-test has ever                     been run.Total time to complete Offline data collection:        (    0) seconds.Offline data collectioncapabilities:            (0x79) SMART execute Offline immediate.                    No Auto Offline data collection support.                    Suspend Offline collection upon new                    command.                    Offline surface scan supported.                    Self-test supported.                    Conveyance Self-test supported.                    Selective Self-test supported.SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering                    power-saving mode.                    Supports SMART auto save timer.Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.                    General Purpose Logging supported.Short self-test routine recommended polling time:    (   1) minutes.Extended self-test routinerecommended polling time:    (   2) minutes.Conveyance self-test routinerecommended polling time:    (   2) minutes.SCT capabilities:          (0x003d) SCT Status supported.                    SCT Error Recovery Control supported.                    SCT Feature Control supported.                    SCT Data Table supported.SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       18907 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       16170 Available_Reservd_Space 0x0033   100   100   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       0171 Program_Fail_Count      0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0172 Erase_Fail_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0174 Unsafe_Shutdown_Count   0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       12175 Power_Loss_Cap_Test     0x0033   100   100   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       13590 (125 4176)183 SATA_Downshift_Count    0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0184 End-to-End_Error        0x0033   100   100   090    Pre-fail  Always       -       0187 Reported_Uncorrect      0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0190 Temperature_Case        0x0022   072   068   000    Old_age   Always       -       28 (Min/Max 19/32)192 Unsafe_Shutdown_Count   0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       12194 Temperature_Internal    0x0022   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       28197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0199 CRC_Error_Count         0x003e   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0225 Host_Writes_32MiB       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       275286226 Workld_Media_Wear_Indic 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       1638227 Workld_Host_Reads_Perc  0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       1228 Workload_Minutes        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       1134456232 Available_Reservd_Space 0x0033   100   100   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       0233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       0234 Thermal_Throttle        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0/0241 Host_Writes_32MiB       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       275286242 Host_Reads_32MiB        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       3597243 NAND_Writes_32MiB       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       850447SMART Error Log Version: 1No Errors LoggedSMART Self-test log structure revision number 1No self-tests have been logged.  [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS    1        0        0  Not_testing    2        0        0  Not_testing    3        0        0  Not_testing    4        0        0  Not_testing    5        0        0  Not_testingSelective self-test flags (0x0):  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

HP硬盘：

smartctl -s on -d  cciss,0 /dev/cciss/c0d0 开启SMARTsmartctl  -a  -d cciss,0 -i /dev/cciss/c0d0  显示所有SMART信息smartctl  -l error  -d cciss,0 -i /dev/cciss/c0d0 查看磁盘错误日志

演示记录到此，方便工作中查阅