修改Oracle数据文件名及数据文件存放路径
发表于：2026-11-01 作者：千家信息网编辑
千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月01日，更改Oracle数据文件名及数据文件存放路径 SQL> select * from v$dbfile;FILE# NAME---------- ----------------------------
千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月01日修改Oracle数据文件名及数据文件存放路径更改Oracle数据文件名及数据文件存放路径 SQL> select * from v$dbfile;
FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/system01.dbf
2 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/sysaux01.dbf
3 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/undotbs01.dbf
4 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/users01.dbf
5 /db2/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/D:ORACLE11GADMINORADATAADMINgg01.dbf
6 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/db201.dbf
一、关闭数据库进行修改
[oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 26 17:43:38 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down. [oracle@db1 ~]$ mv /db2/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/D\:ORACLE11GADMINORADATAADMINgg01.dbf /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 26 17:48:31 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes
Fixed Size 2214936 bytes
Variable Size 163578856 bytes
Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
Redo Buffers 3821568 bytes
Database mounted. SQL> alter database rename file '/db2/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/D\:ORACLE11GADMINORADATAADMINgg01.dbf' to '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf'; Database altered. SQL> select * from v$dbfile;
FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/system01.dbf
2 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/sysaux01.dbf
3 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/undotbs01.dbf
4 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/users01.dbf
5 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf
6 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/db201.dbf
6 rows selected 二、在线修改
方法1:表空间offline
SQL> select * from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES BLOCKS STATUS RELATIVE_FNO AUTOEXTENSIBLE MAXBYTES MAXBLOCKS INCREMENT_BY USER_BYTES USER_BLOCKS ONLINE_STATUS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- --------- ------------ -------------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ----------- -------------
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/system01.dbf 1 SYSTEM 734003200 89600 AVAILABLE 1 YES 3435972198 4194302 1280 732954624 89472 SYSTEM
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/sysaux01.dbf 2 SYSAUX 629145600 76800 AVAILABLE 2 YES 3435972198 4194302 1280 628097024 76672 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/undotbs01.dbf 3 UNDOTBS1 618659840 75520 AVAILABLE 3 YES 3435972198 4194302 640 617611264 75392 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/users01.dbf 4 USERS 5242880 640 AVAILABLE 4 YES 3435972198 4194302 160 4194304 512 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf 5 GG 104857600 12800 AVAILABLE 5 NO 0 0 0 103809024 12672 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/db201.dbf 6 DB2 104857600 12800 AVAILABLE 6 NO 0 0 0 103809024 12672 ONLINE
SQL> alter tablespace gg offline;
Tablespace altered SQL> host mv /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/admin.dbf SQL> alter database rename file '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf' to '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/admin.dbf';
Database altered SQL> alter tablespace gg online;
Tablespace altered SQL> select * from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES BLOCKS STATUS RELATIVE_FNO AUTOEXTENSIBLE MAXBYTES MAXBLOCKS INCREMENT_BY USER_BYTES USER_BLOCKS ONLINE_STATUS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- --------- ------------ -------------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ----------- -------------
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/system01.dbf 1 SYSTEM 734003200 89600 AVAILABLE 1 YES 3435972198 4194302 1280 732954624 89472 SYSTEM
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/sysaux01.dbf 2 SYSAUX 629145600 76800 AVAILABLE 2 YES 3435972198 4194302 1280 628097024 76672 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/undotbs01.dbf 3 UNDOTBS1 618659840 75520 AVAILABLE 3 YES 3435972198 4194302 640 617611264 75392 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/users01.dbf 4 USERS 5242880 640 AVAILABLE 4 YES 3435972198 4194302 160 4194304 512 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/admin.dbf 5 GG 104857600 12800 AVAILABLE 5 NO 0 0 0 103809024 12672 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/db201.dbf 6 DB2 104857600 12800 AVAILABLE 6 NO 0 0 0 103809024 12672 ONLINE
方法2:数据文件脱机 （方法2必须在数据库归档模式下进行)
SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;
alter database datafile 5 offline
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01145: offline immediate disallowed unless media recovery enabled SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 69
Current log sequence 71 开归档
[oracle@db1 ~]$ mkdir /db2/oracle/archivelog
[oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 26 18:15:52 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes
Fixed Size 2214936 bytes
Variable Size 163578856 bytes
Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
Redo Buffers 3821568 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/db2/oracle/archivelog/'; System altered. SQL> alter database archivelog; Database altered. SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /db2/oracle/archivelog/
Oldest online log sequence 69
Next log sequence to archive 71
Current log sequence 71 SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline; Database altered. SQL> host mv /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/admin.dbf /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf SQL> alter database rename file '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/admin.dbf' to '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf'; Database altered. SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
alter database datafile 5 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 5 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 5: '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf'
SQL> recover datafile 5;
Media recovery complete. SQL> alter database datafile 5 online; Database altered. SQL> select file_id,file_name,tablespace_name,online_status from dba_data_files;
FILE_ID FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ONLINE_STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ -------------
1 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/system01.dbf SYSTEM SYSTEM
2 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX ONLINE
3 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/undotbs01.dbf UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
4 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/users01.dbf USERS ONLINE
5 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf GG ONLINE
6 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/db201.dbf DB2 ONLINE
FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/system01.dbf
2 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/sysaux01.dbf
3 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/undotbs01.dbf
4 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/users01.dbf
5 /db2/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/D:ORACLE11GADMINORADATAADMINgg01.dbf
6 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/db201.dbf
一、关闭数据库进行修改
[oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 26 17:43:38 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down. [oracle@db1 ~]$ mv /db2/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/D\:ORACLE11GADMINORADATAADMINgg01.dbf /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 26 17:48:31 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes
Fixed Size 2214936 bytes
Variable Size 163578856 bytes
Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
Redo Buffers 3821568 bytes
Database mounted. SQL> alter database rename file '/db2/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/D\:ORACLE11GADMINORADATAADMINgg01.dbf' to '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf'; Database altered. SQL> select * from v$dbfile;
FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/system01.dbf
2 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/sysaux01.dbf
3 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/undotbs01.dbf
4 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/users01.dbf
5 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf
6 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/db201.dbf
6 rows selected 二、在线修改
方法1:表空间offline
SQL> select * from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES BLOCKS STATUS RELATIVE_FNO AUTOEXTENSIBLE MAXBYTES MAXBLOCKS INCREMENT_BY USER_BYTES USER_BLOCKS ONLINE_STATUS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- --------- ------------ -------------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ----------- -------------
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/system01.dbf 1 SYSTEM 734003200 89600 AVAILABLE 1 YES 3435972198 4194302 1280 732954624 89472 SYSTEM
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/sysaux01.dbf 2 SYSAUX 629145600 76800 AVAILABLE 2 YES 3435972198 4194302 1280 628097024 76672 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/undotbs01.dbf 3 UNDOTBS1 618659840 75520 AVAILABLE 3 YES 3435972198 4194302 640 617611264 75392 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/users01.dbf 4 USERS 5242880 640 AVAILABLE 4 YES 3435972198 4194302 160 4194304 512 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf 5 GG 104857600 12800 AVAILABLE 5 NO 0 0 0 103809024 12672 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/db201.dbf 6 DB2 104857600 12800 AVAILABLE 6 NO 0 0 0 103809024 12672 ONLINE
SQL> alter tablespace gg offline;
Tablespace altered SQL> host mv /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/admin.dbf SQL> alter database rename file '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf' to '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/admin.dbf';
Database altered SQL> alter tablespace gg online;
Tablespace altered SQL> select * from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES BLOCKS STATUS RELATIVE_FNO AUTOEXTENSIBLE MAXBYTES MAXBLOCKS INCREMENT_BY USER_BYTES USER_BLOCKS ONLINE_STATUS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- --------- ------------ -------------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ----------- -------------
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/system01.dbf 1 SYSTEM 734003200 89600 AVAILABLE 1 YES 3435972198 4194302 1280 732954624 89472 SYSTEM
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/sysaux01.dbf 2 SYSAUX 629145600 76800 AVAILABLE 2 YES 3435972198 4194302 1280 628097024 76672 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/undotbs01.dbf 3 UNDOTBS1 618659840 75520 AVAILABLE 3 YES 3435972198 4194302 640 617611264 75392 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/users01.dbf 4 USERS 5242880 640 AVAILABLE 4 YES 3435972198 4194302 160 4194304 512 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/admin.dbf 5 GG 104857600 12800 AVAILABLE 5 NO 0 0 0 103809024 12672 ONLINE
/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/db201.dbf 6 DB2 104857600 12800 AVAILABLE 6 NO 0 0 0 103809024 12672 ONLINE
方法2:数据文件脱机 （方法2必须在数据库归档模式下进行)
SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;
alter database datafile 5 offline
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01145: offline immediate disallowed unless media recovery enabled SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 69
Current log sequence 71 开归档
[oracle@db1 ~]$ mkdir /db2/oracle/archivelog
[oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 26 18:15:52 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes
Fixed Size 2214936 bytes
Variable Size 163578856 bytes
Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
Redo Buffers 3821568 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/db2/oracle/archivelog/'; System altered. SQL> alter database archivelog; Database altered. SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /db2/oracle/archivelog/
Oldest online log sequence 69
Next log sequence to archive 71
Current log sequence 71 SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline; Database altered. SQL> host mv /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/admin.dbf /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf SQL> alter database rename file '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/admin.dbf' to '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf'; Database altered. SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
alter database datafile 5 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 5 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 5: '/db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf'
SQL> recover datafile 5;
Media recovery complete. SQL> alter database datafile 5 online; Database altered. SQL> select file_id,file_name,tablespace_name,online_status from dba_data_files;
FILE_ID FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ONLINE_STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ -------------
1 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/system01.dbf SYSTEM SYSTEM
2 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX ONLINE
3 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/undotbs01.dbf UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
4 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/users01.dbf USERS ONLINE
5 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/gg01.dbf GG ONLINE
6 /db2/oracle/oradata/db2/db201.dbf DB2 ONLINE
数据
文件
方法
数据库
文件名
路径
模式
空间
在线
脱机
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