linux 命令行下怎么使用android sdk 以及ndk

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• 环境

首先保证已经安装了java,sdk,ndk 相关的一些包，并有类似如下的配置:

export NDK_ROOT=/home/develop/android-ndk-r9cexport SDK_ROOT=/home/develop/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20131030/sdkPATH=$PATH:$SDK_ROOT/toolsPATH=$PATH:$NDK_ROOTexport JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64

• android SDK的使用

• 命令行下创建工程

mkdir proj.androidcd proj.androidandroid create project -k wy.first -a helloandroid -n chinease -t android-17 -p ./

其中 -k 指定包名(必选)

-a 指定activity名(必选)

-t指定target(必选)，例如此处android-17对于android4.2

-n指定工程名(可选) ，若不指定该选项，则默认使用activity名字作为工程名字。

-p 指定工程目录(必选)

运行完毕会自动生成src/wy/first/helloandroid.java源文件：

package wy.first;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;public class helloandroid extends Activity{    /** Called when the activity is first created. */    @Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)    {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.main);    }}

• 编译java并打包成apk

ant debug

• 将编译出的debug版的apk包安装到目标设备上

ant installd

上面两个命令也可以ant debug install一次完成，ant的命令部分不在赘述，可自行键入ant help查看：

kimo@debian-desktop:~/proj.android$ ant helpBuildfile: /home/kimo/proj.android/build.xmlhelp:     [echo] Android Ant Build. Available targets:     [echo]    help:      Displays this help.     [echo]    clean:     Removes output files created by other targets.     [echo]               This calls the same target on all dependent projects.     [echo]               Use 'ant nodeps clean' to only clean the local project     [echo]    debug:     Builds the application and signs it with a debug key.     [echo]               The 'nodeps' target can be used to only build the     [echo]               current project and ignore the libraries using:     [echo]               'ant nodeps debug'     [echo]    release:   Builds the application. The generated apk file must be     [echo]               signed before it is published.     [echo]               The 'nodeps' target can be used to only build the     [echo]               current project and ignore the libraries using:     [echo]               'ant nodeps release'     [echo]    instrument:Builds an instrumented package and signs it with a     [echo]               debug key.     [echo]    test:      Runs the tests. Project must be a test project and     [echo]               must have been built. Typical usage would be:     [echo]                   ant [emma] debug install test     [echo]    emma:      Transiently enables code coverage for subsequent     [echo]               targets.     [echo]    install:   Installs the newly build package. Must either be used     [echo]               in conjunction with a build target (debug/release/     [echo]               instrument) or with the proper suffix indicating     [echo]               which package to install (see below).     [echo]               If the application was previously installed, the     [echo]               application is reinstalled if the signature matches.     [echo]    installd:  Installs (only) the debug package.     [echo]    installr:  Installs (only) the release package.     [echo]    installi:  Installs (only) the instrumented package.     [echo]    installt:  Installs (only) the test and tested packages (unless     [echo]               nodeps is used as well.     [echo]    uninstall: Uninstalls the application from a running emulator or     [echo]               device. Also uninstall tested package if applicable     [echo]               unless 'nodeps' is used as well.

手机上的运行效果：

哇塞，居然自带hello world，不明觉厉有木有，看来以后我们这种只会写hello world的人都没法混了，不行，作为一个专注hello world 30年的无脑码农，一定要把这个主动权夺回来！！！搜索了一番才知道其实是刚刚android create project的时候，创建了一个默认的xml界面布局文件res/layout/main.xml，默认代码如下

• 新建工程的默认ui布局

所以为了能在代码中控制那个TextView控件，我们在TextView节点中给它加上一行id属性

android:id="@+id/myTextView"

然后修改src/wy/first/helloandroid.java文件

package wy.first;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.widget.TextView;                                                    //addpublic class helloandroid extends Activity{    /** Called when the activity is first created. */    @Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)    {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.main);        TextView myTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.myTextView); //add        myTextView.setText("不写可以么"); //add    }}

再次ant debug install，运行效果如下，恩，这才是真正的hello world嘛

• android NDK的使用

• 在类中声明本地方法
  

为了个java代码增加本地jni调用，再次修改src/wy/first/helloandroid.java

package wy.first;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.widget.TextView;public class helloandroid extends Activity{    /** Called when the activity is first created. */    @Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)    {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.main);        TextView myTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.myTextView);        myTextView.setText(stringFromJNI());//modify    }    public native String stringFromJNI();//add    static {         System.loadLibrary("testso");   //add    }}

• 编译java源文件
  

键入ant debug 即可自动编译

• 生成jni头文件

然后使用javah工具自动生成jni调用的c代码头文件

javah -classpath bin/classes   -d jni wy.first.helloandroid  错误: 无法访问android.app.Activity  找不到android.app.Activity的类文件

神马情况，居然又给我报错，折腾半小时后终于有了点眉目，总之就是找不到android.app.Activity包，需要手动指定一个参数，我这里以target为android-17为例:

javah -classpath bin/classes -bootclasspath /home/develop/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20131030/sdk/platforms/android-17/android.jar  -d jni wy.first.helloandroid

果断执行成功，此时我们的当前目录下自动生成了一个jni目录，以及jni/wy_first_helloandroid.h头文件。

• 实现jni调用的c函数

现在要做的就是用c实现该头文件中申明的函数，so，创建 jni/wy_first_helloandroid.c文件

#include #include #include "wy_first_helloandroid.h"JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_wy_first_helloandroid_stringFromJNI(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj){    return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, "hello ,么以可写不");}

• ndk-build编译生成so

创建jni/Android.mk文件，其中LOCAL_MODULE的值应与java代码中的一致

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)include $(CLEAR_VARS)LOCAL_MODULE    := testsoLOCAL_SRC_FILES := wy_first_helloandroid.cinclude $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)

然后就可以编译so了，键入ndk-build回车

kimo@debian-desktop:~/proj.android$ ndk-build [armeabi] Install        : libtestso.so => libs/armeabi/libtestso.so

果断so就生成好了，再次ant debug install，运行效果如下

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