apache的虚拟web主机配置图文介绍

今天小编就为大家带来一篇apache的虚拟web主机配置图文介绍的文章。小编觉得挺不错的，为此分享给大家做个参考。一起跟随小编过来看看吧。

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apache 常用的功能，虚拟主机

一：虚拟Web主机

• 在同一台服务器中运行多个Web站点，其中每一个站点并不独立占用一台真正的计算机

  1.1 httpd支持的虚拟主机类型（三种）

• 基于域名的类型
• 基于IP地址的虚拟主机
• 基于端口的虚拟主机
  例如：
  www.kgc.om
  www.accp.com
  IP相同，端口相同

IP不同，端口相同

IP相同，端口不通

二：构建虚拟主机基于域名的实验

2.1.1 安装软件包

[root@localhost ~]# yum install bind httpd -yPackage 32:bind-9.11.4-9.P2.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest versionPackage httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 already installed and latest versionNothing to do

2.1.2 关闭防火墙增强服务

[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service [root@localhost ~]# 

2.1.3 配置dns

配置dns全局配置文件/etc/named.conf

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.conf options {        listen-on port 53 { any; };        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };        directory       "/var/named";        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";        recursing-file  "/var/named/data/named.recursing";        secroots-file   "/var/named/data/named.secroots";        allow-query     { any; };

配置dns区域配置文件/etc/named.rfc1912.zones

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones zone "kgc.com" IN {        type master;        file "kgc.com.zone";        allow-update { none; };};zone "accp.com" IN {        type master;        file "accp.com.zone";        allow-update { none; };};      

修改dns的区域数据文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/named/[root@localhost named]# lsdata  dynamic  named.ca  named.empty  named.localhost  named.loopback  slaves[root@localhost named]# cp -p named.localhost kgc.com.zone[root@localhost named]# vim kgc.com.zone $TTL 1D@       IN SOA  @ rname.invalid. (                                        0       ; serial                                        1D      ; refresh                                        1H      ; retry                                        1W      ; expire                                        3H )    ; minimum        NS      @        A       127.0.0.1www     IN      A       192.168.247.150~                                                   

[root@localhost named]# cp -p kgc.com.zone accp.com.zone

修改完毕，启动dns服务

[root@localhost named]# systemctl start named

为客户机配置好dns，去进行测试服务是否生效

nslookup 解析成功

2.1.4 创建虚拟主机配置文件，位置在/etc/httpd/conf/extra/，为了简明之意，文件名设为vhost.conf

[root@localhost httpd]# lsconf  conf.d  conf.modules.d  logs  modules  run[root@localhost httpd]# ls -ltotal 0drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  37 Dec 12 14:45 confdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  82 Dec 12 14:45 conf.ddrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 146 Dec 12 14:45 conf.modules.dlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  19 Dec 12 14:45 logs -> ../../var/log/httpdlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  29 Dec 12 14:45 modules -> ../../usr/lib64/httpd/moduleslrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  10 Dec 12 14:45 run -> /run/httpd[root@localhost httpd]# 

[root@localhost httpd]# cd conf[root@localhost conf]# lshttpd.conf  magic[root@localhost conf]# mkdir extra[root@localhost conf]# cd extra/[root@localhost extra]# ls[root@localhost extra]# 

/etc/httpd/conf/extra/vhost.conf文件中

• 指的是所有的ip地址同过80端口都可以访问
  DocumentRoot "是web站点目录"
  ServerName "站点服务域名"
  Errorlog "指定错误日志路径"
  Customlog "指定访问日志路径" 后面跟common扩展工具
  指定详细配置的目录名，可以发现是web站点目录的父目录
  允许所有用户主机的所有访问权限 //后面由此还会扩展更多的配置属性

  [root@localhost extra]# vim vhost.conf1 2   DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/kgc"3   ServerName www.kgc.com4   Errorlog "logs/www.kgc.com.error_log"5   Customlog "logs/www.kgc.comaccess_log" common6   7    Require all granted8   9 10 11 12   DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/accp"13   ServerName www.accp.com14   Errorlog "logs/www.accp.com.error_log"15   Customlog "logs/www.accp.comaccess_log" common16   17    Require all granted18   19 

### 2.1.5 创建两个web站点的首页，首页文件index.html在/var/www/html下面的站点目录中```bash[root@localhost extra]# cd /var/[root@localhost var]# lsaccount  cache  db     games   kerberos  local  log   named  opt       run    target  wwwadm      crash  empty  gopher  lib       lock   mail  nis    preserve  spool  tmp     yp[root@localhost var]# cd www[root@localhost www]# lscgi-bin  html[root@localhost www]# cd html[root@localhost html]# ls[root@localhost html]# mkdir kgc accp[root@localhost html]# lsaccp  kgc[root@localhost html]# echo "this is accp web" > accp/index.html[root@localhost html]# echo "this is kgc web" > kgc/index.html[root@localhost html]# tree accp kgcaccp└── index.htmlkgc└── index.html0 directories, 2 files[root@localhost html]# 

2.1.7 重点：需要把extra的路径加入到主配置文件中，启动时才可以识别

[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 354 Include conf/extra/vhost.conf

2.1.8 开启服务，查看服务端口

[root@localhost html]# systemctl start httpd[root@localhost html]# netstat -natp | grep httpdtcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      79262/httpd         

2.1.9 在客户机验证

三：构建虚拟主机----基于端口的实验

以上个实验为基础，进行端口不通的虚拟主机的配置

3.1.1 修改虚拟web主机的配置文件，增加一项8080端口的参数，为了区别站点，需要把站点文件名修改作以区分，不会覆盖

[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/extra/vhost.conf //复制修改增加 11  12   DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/kgc02" 13   ServerName www.kgc02.com 14   Errorlog "logs/www.kgc02.com.error_log" 15   Customlog "logs/www.kgc02.comaccess_log" common 16    17    Require all granted 18    19 [root@localhost html]# lsaccp  kgc[root@localhost html]# cp -p kgc kgc02cp: omitting directory 'kgc'[root@localhost html]# mkdir kgc02[root@localhost html]# echo "this is web kgc02" >kgc02/index.html[root@localhost html]# 

3.1.2 增加了端口，也就增加了监听地址，监听地址的修改在主配置文件/etc/httpd/conf/httpd/conf中

[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 41 Listen 192.168.247.150:80 42 Listen 192.168.247.150:8080 43 #Listen 80

3.1.3 重启服务，验证接口是否开启

[root@localhost html]# systemctl restart httpd[root@localhost html]# netstat -napt | grep httpdtcp        0      0 192.168.247.150:8080    0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      91814/httpd         tcp        0      0 192.168.247.150:80      0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      91814/httpd   

3.1.4 查看验证，IP地址一样，端口不一样

四：构建虚拟主机----基于IP不同的实验

4.1.1 添加网卡，创建几个不同的IP地址的虚拟web主机就需要增加几个网卡

[root@localhost html]# ifconfigens33: flags=4163  mtu 1500        inet 192.168.247.150  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.247.255ens36: flags=4163  mtu 1500        inet 192.168.247.158  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.247.255

验证网卡是否联网

4.1.2 修改虚拟web主机的配置文件

备注：当服务器中使用不同IP的虚拟web主机时，/etc/httpd/conf/extra/vhost.conf文件中的IP地址需要具象到一个固定的IP地址，不可以再用*通配符号，以免混淆

[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/extra/vhost.conf   DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/accpaccp"  ServerName www.accpaccp.com  Errorlog "logs/www.accpaccp.com.error_log"  Customlog "logs/www.accpaccp.comaccess_log" common     Require all granted  

4.1.3 创建新建的虚拟web站点目录

[root@localhost html]# lsaccp  accp02  kgc  kgc02[root@localhost html]# mkdir accpaccp[root@localhost html]# echo "this is 192.168.247.158" > accpaccp/index.html

4.1.4 修改主配置文件，增加监听地址

[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf Listen 192.168.247.158:80

4.1.5 重启httpd服务

[root@localhost html]# systemctl restart httpd[root@localhost html]# netstat -natp | grep httpdtcp        0      0 192.168.247.150:8080    0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      123662/httpd        tcp        0      0 192.168.247.158:80      0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      123662/httpd        tcp        0      0 192.168.247.150:80      0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      123662/httpd   

4.1.6 客户机验证

#####因为没有配置dns解析，所以需要输入IP地址去进入网站，接下来增加这个ip地址的域名解析

4.1.7 修改dns配置文件

/etc/named.rfc1912.zones文件

[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zoneszone "accpaccp.com" IN {        type master;        file "accpaccp.com.zone";        allow-update { none; };};

/var/named/目录，创建对应的区域数据文件

[root@localhost html]# cd /var/named[root@localhost named]# lsaccp.com.zone  data  dynamic  kgc.com.zone  named.ca  named.empty  named.localhost  named.loopback  slaves[root@localhost named]# cp -p accp.com.zone accpaccp.com.zone[root@localhost named]# vim accpaccp.com.zone $TTL 1D@       IN SOA  @ rname.invalid. (                                        0       ; serial                                        1D      ; refresh                                        1H      ; retry                                        1W      ; expire                                        3H )    ; minimum        NS      @        A       127.0.0.1www     IN      A       192.168.247.158

4.1.8 重启域名解析服务

[root@localhost named]# systemctl restart named

五：创建站点内的超链接

5.1 修改首页

[root@localhost named]# vim /var/www/html/accpaccp/index.html     
hello world

5.2 客户机测试，当然，还需要在重启HTTPD服务

[root@localhost named]# systemctl restart httpd

上述就是apache的虚拟web主机配置的详细内容，详细使用情况还需要大家自己动手实验使用过才能领会。如果想了解更多相关内容，欢迎关注行业资讯频道！