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第十九期 ASA【防火墙】综合拓扑

发表于：2026-11-01 作者：千家信息网编辑

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月01日，实验目的：1.VLAN互通2.VRRP3.内网PAT访问外网【地址转换成119.1.1.0/29网段】4.发布Web服务器供外网访问实验步骤：配置各个交换机：SW1：创建vlan1【交换机自带】、vl

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月01日第十九期 ASA【防火墙】综合拓扑

实验目的：
1.VLAN互通
2.VRRP
3.内网PAT访问外网【地址转换成119.1.1.0/29网段】
4.发布Web服务器供外网访问
实验步骤：
配置各个交换机：
SW1：创建vlan1【交换机自带】、vlan2、vlan100

 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type access port def vlan 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

SW2：创建vlan1【交换机自带】、vlan2、vlan100、vlan3

 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type access port default vlan 2 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 port link-type access port default vlan 3 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

SW3：创建vlan1【交换机自带】、vlan2、vlan100、vlan4

 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type access                     port default vlan 100 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 port link-type access port default vlan 4 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

配置VRRP：SW3做主VRRP、SW2做备用VRRP

     SW3：interface Vlanif1                                   ip address 192.168.1.250 255.255.255.0          vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.1.254\\配置虚拟网关IP          vrrp vrid 1 priority 150\\配置优先级          vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 reduced 100          \\配置链路跟踪使其断掉后优先级下降100          interface Vlanif2          ip address 192.168.2.250 255.255.255.0          vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254\\配置虚拟网关IP          vrrp vrid 2 priority 150\\配置优先级          vrrp vrid 2 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 reduced 100           \\配置链路跟踪使其断掉后优先级下降100          interface Vlanif100          ip address 192.168.100.253 255.255.255.0          vrrp vrid 100 virtual-ip 192.168.100.254\\配置虚拟网关IP          vrrp vrid 100 priority 150\\配置优先级          vrrp vrid 100 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 reduced 100           \\配置链路跟踪使其断掉后优先级下降100     SW2：interface Vlanif1                                   ip address 192.168.1.253 255.255.255.0          vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.1.254\\配置虚拟网关IP          interface Vlanif2          ip address 192.168.2.253 255.255.255.0          vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254\\配置虚拟网关IP          interface Vlanif100          ip address 192.168.100.250 255.255.255.0          vrrp vrid 100 virtual-ip 192.168.100.254\\配置虚拟网关IP

配置OSPF：SW3：ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

               area 0.0.0.0               network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255               network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255               network 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255               network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255          SW2：ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2               area 0.0.0.0               network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255               network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255               network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255               interface Vlanif3               ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0               interface Vlanif4               ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0

配置防火墙【ASA】：interface GigabitEthernet0

                 nameif inside1                 security-level 100                 ip address 192.168.4.254 255.255.255.0                 interface GigabitEthernet1                 nameif inside2                 security-level 100                 ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0                 interface GigabitEthernet2                 nameif outside                 security-level 0                 ip address 200.8.8.1 255.255.255.252

配置防火墙下一跳:

route inside1 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1route inside1 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1route inside1 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1

配置ISP：interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

         ip address 200.8.8.2 255.255.255.252 \\配置IP【子网为30位】         interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1         ip address 200.9.9.254 255.255.255.0\\配置IP         默认路由：ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 200.8.8.1

配置防火墙对ISP下一跳：

 route outside 200.9.9.0 255.255.255.0 200.8.8.2

防火墙设置ACL【使外网可访问内网的web服务】：

 access-list out-to-in permit tcp host 200.9.9.2 host 192.168.100.1 eq 80

调用ACL：

 access-group out-to-in in interface outside

NAT地址转换【将私有地址转换为公有地址119.1.1.0/29】：

            object network vlan1\\配置vlan1 NAT            subnet 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0            nat (inside1,outside) dynamic 119.1.1.1            quit           object network vlan2\\配置vlan2 NAT           subnet 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0           nat (inside1,outside) dynamic 119.1.1.2           quit          object network vlan100 \\配置vlan100 NAT          subnet 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0          nat (inside1,outside) dynamic 119.1.1.3          quit

客户端IP:

         Client1:192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0         Client2:192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0         Server-web:192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0         Client3:200.9.9.2 255.255.255.0         Server-ftp:200.9.9.1 255.255.255.0

结果验证：
1vlan互通

2VRRP【此时ping的为虚拟网关IP】

3内网PAT访问外网【地址将转换成119.1.1.0/29的网段】

4发布Web服务器供外网访问【Client3为外网客户端】

实验拓扑图【红点代表信号不稳定，不是未开启，数据可以通过】：

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