django中怎么利用request获取请求的IP 地址

django中怎么利用request获取请求的IP 地址，相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策，为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法，通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。

安装第三方库

pip install django-ipware

view 里调用

一般用法：

from ipware.ip import get_ip  # 导入包def view_test(request):    ip = get_ip(request)  # 获取 request 的请求 IP

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site-packages/ipware/ip.py 源码：

from .utils import is_valid_ipfrom . import defaults as defsNON_PUBLIC_IP_PREFIX = tuple([ip.lower() for ip in defs.IPWARE_NON_PUBLIC_IP_PREFIX])TRUSTED_PROXY_LIST = tuple([ip.lower() for ip in defs.IPWARE_TRUSTED_PROXY_LIST])def get_ip(request, real_ip_only=False, right_most_proxy=False):    """    Returns client's best-matched ip-address, or None    """    best_matched_ip = None    for key in defs.IPWARE_META_PRECEDENCE_ORDER:        value = request.META.get(key, request.META.get(key.replace('_', '-'), '')).strip()        if value is not None and value != '':            ips = [ip.strip().lower() for ip in value.split(',')]            if right_most_proxy and len(ips) > 1:                ips = reversed(ips)            for ip_str in ips:                if ip_str and is_valid_ip(ip_str):                    if not ip_str.startswith(NON_PUBLIC_IP_PREFIX):                        return ip_str                    if not real_ip_only:                        loopback = defs.IPWARE_LOOPBACK_PREFIX                        if best_matched_ip is None:                            best_matched_ip = ip_str                        elif best_matched_ip.startswith(loopback) and not ip_str.startswith(loopback):                            best_matched_ip = ip_str    return best_matched_ipdef get_real_ip(request, right_most_proxy=False):    """    Returns client's best-matched `real` `externally-routable` ip-address, or None    """    return get_ip(request, real_ip_only=True, right_most_proxy=right_most_proxy)def get_trusted_ip(request, right_most_proxy=False, trusted_proxies=TRUSTED_PROXY_LIST):    """    Returns client's ip-address from `trusted` proxy server(s) or None    """    if trusted_proxies:        meta_keys = ['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR', 'X_FORWARDED_FOR']        for key in meta_keys:            value = request.META.get(key, request.META.get(key.replace('_', '-'), '')).strip()            if value:                ips = [ip.strip().lower() for ip in value.split(',')]                if len(ips) > 1:                    if right_most_proxy:                        ips.reverse()                    for proxy in trusted_proxies:                        if proxy in ips[-1]:                            return ips[0]    return None

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用途：用装饰器保存 访问 IP

import refrom django.core.cache import cachefrom django.shortcuts import renderfrom ipware.ip import get_ipdef get_ipv4(ip):    """    获取 IPv4    :param ip:    :return:    """    # IP patterns    ipv4_re = r'(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[0-1]?\d?\d)(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[0-1]?\d?\d)){3}'    # ipv6_re = r'\[[0-9a-f:\.]+\]'  # (simple regex, validated later)    ipv4 = re.search(ipv4_re, ip)    if ipv4:        return ipv4.group()    return ipdef save_ip(ip):    """    保存 IP    :param ip:    :return:    """    ip = get_ipv4(ip)    cache_ip = cache.get(ip)    if not cache_ip:        cache.set(ip, int(time.time()), CACHE_TIMEOUT_ARTICLE)        visit_status = UserIP.objects.filter(ip=ip).exists()        if visit_status:            ip_info = UserIP.objects.get(ip=ip)            ip_info.visit_num += 1            ip_info.save(update_fields=["visit_num", "time_updated"])        else:            ip_info = UserIP(                ip=ip,                location=get_ip_location(ip),                visit_num=1,            )            ip_info.save()# 这是一个装饰器的函数，外层的函数是用来接收被装饰函数的的def save_visit_ip(func):    """    访问视图函数时保存 访问ip    :param func:    :return:    """    def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):        ip = get_ip(request)        save_ip(ip)        return func(request, *args, **kwargs)    return inner@save_visit_ipdef status_code(request):    code = request.GET.get("code", None)    status_code = {        "200": "
访问正常
",        "403": "
访问被拒
",        "404": "
资源未找到
",        "500": "
服务器内部错误
",        "503": "
服务器维护中
",    }    if code in status_code.keys():        response = HttpResponse(status_code[code])        response.status_code = int(code)        return response    return render(request, "web_status_code.html", locals())

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