如何实现SAMBA文件共享服务

配置用户认证共享

服务端操作：

1.关闭防火墙，关闭selunix

[root@hejie ~]# setenforce 0[root@hejie ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

2.安装软件包

[root@hejie ~]# yum install samba-* -y

3.启动smb服务并设置开机自启

[root@hejie ~]# systemctl start smb[root@hejie ~]# systemctl enable smbCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service.

关于Samba的配置文件

[root@hejie ~]# grep -Ev '^#|^$' /etc/samba/smb.conf[global]                            //全局参数      workgroup = SAMBA    //工作组名称  非常重要security = user              //安全验证方式，总共四种                                       //share：无需验证身份，简单方便，安全性差                                       //user：需要验证用户密码才可以访问，安全性高                                       //server：需要通过三方服务器验证账号密码，（集中管理账户）                                       //domain：使用域控制器进行身份验证      passdb backend = tdbsam    //定义用户后台的类型，共有三种                                               //smbpasswd：为系统用户设置Samba服务程序的密码                                               //tdbsam：创建数据库文件并使用pdbedit命令建立Samba服务程序的用户                                               //ldapsam：基于LDAP服务进行账户验证printing = cups                      //设置Samba共享打印机的类型printcap name = cups            //设置共享打印机的配置文件load printers = yes                //设置在Samba服务启动时是否共享打印机设备cups options = raw                //打印机的选项[homes]                                  //共享参数comment = Home Directories    //描述信息valid users = %S, %D%w%S    //允许访问该共享的用户browseable = No                        //指定共享信息是否可见read only = Noinherit acls = Yes[printers]comment = All Printers        任意字符串path = /var/tmp                    共享目录路径printable = Yes                    create mask = 0600            browseable = No                  指定该共享是否可以浏览[print$]comment = Printer Driverspath = /var/lib/samba/driverswrite list = root                        允许写入该共享的用户create mask = 0664directory mask = 0775

4.添加用户"zhengran"，不创建家目录，并设置密码。

[root@hejie ~]# useradd -M zhengran[root@hejie ~]# smbpasswd -a zhengranNew SMB password:Retype new SMB password:Added user zhengran.

假设这里映射"zhengran"用户为share用户，那么就要在/etc/samba/smbusers文件中添加如下内容：

[root@hejie ~]# echo 'zhengran = share' > /etc/samba/smbusers

5.在全局配置中添加如下内容：

[root@hejie ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf[global]       workgroup = SAMBA       security = user       username map = /etc/samba/smbusers      //添加此行内容       passdb backend = tdbsam

6.创建一个共享目录"zhengran"，并更改其属主属组为用户"zhengran"

[root@hejie ~]# mkdir /opt/zhengran[root@hejie ~]# chown -R zhengran.zhengran /opt/zhengran/[root@hejie ~]# ll /opt/total 0drwxr-xr-x. 2 zhengran zhengran 6 Aug 7 17:22 zhengran

7.配置共享

[root@hejie ~]# cat >> /etc/samba/smb.conf  comment = zhengranwoaini    //注释信息> path = /opt/zhengran                //共享目录路径> browseable = yes                    //指定该共享是否可以浏览> guest ok = yes                        //指定该共享是否允许guset账户访问> writable = yes                          //指定目录是否可写> write list = share          //允许写入该共享的用户，组要用@表示，例如：                                               write list = root，@root      > public = yes                          //是否允许匿名访问> EOF

8.用testparm检查配置文件是否有语法错误，可显示最终生效的配置

[root@hejie ~]# testparmLoad smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.confrlimit_max: increasing rlimit_max (1024) to minimum Windows limit (16384)Processing section "[homes]"Processing section "[printers]"Processing section "[print$]"Processing section "[zhengran]"Loaded services file OK.Server role: ROLE_STANDALONEPress enter to see a dump of your service definitions# Global parameters[global]workgroup = SAMBAprintcap name = cupssecurity = USERusername map = /etc/samba/smbusersidmap config * : backend = tdbcups options = raw[homes]comment = Home Directoriesbrowseable = Noinherit acls = Yesread only = Novalid users = %S %D%w%S[printers]comment = All Printerspath = /var/tmpbrowseable = Noprintable = Yescreate mask = 0600[print$]comment = Printer Driverspath = /var/lib/samba/driverscreate mask = 0664directory mask = 0775write list = root[zhengran]comment = zhengranwoainipath = /opt/zhengranguest ok = Yesread only = Nowrite list = share

9.重启smb服务

 [root@hejie ~]# systemctl restart smb

客户端上操作：

1.安装工具包

 [root@hyj ~]#  yum install samba-client cifs-utils -y

在客户机查看samba服务端有哪些共享资源

[root@hyj ~]# smbclient -L 192.168.56.11 -U share   Enter SAMBA\share's password:   Sharename Type Comment   --------- ---- -------   print$ Disk Printer Drivers   zhengran Disk zhengranwoaini   IPC$ IPC IPC Service (Samba 4.6.2)   Reconnecting with SMB1 for workgroup listing.   Server Comment   --------- -------   Workgroup Master   --------- -------

3.创建目录，并将samba服务器的共享资源zhengran挂载到客户机本地

[root@hyj ~]# mkdir /opt/ran[root@hyj ~]# mount -t cifs //192.168.56.11/zhengran /opt/ran -o username=share,password=123[root@hyj ~]# df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/CentOS-root 17G 1016M 16G 6% /devtmpfs 982M 0 982M 0% /devtmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 993M 8.5M 984M 1% /runtmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 1014M 125M 890M 13% /boottmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0//192.168.56.11/zhengran 47G 5.4G 42G 12% /opt/ran

4.在客户机挂载点创建新文件

[root@hyj ~]# cd /opt/ran/[root@hyj ran]# touch 1 2 3[root@hyj ran]# ls1 2 3

5.在服务器上验证

[root@hejie ~]# cd /opt/zhengran/[root@hejie zhengran]# ls1 2 3

配置匿名共享

服务端

1.修改配置文件

[root@hejie ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf[global]       workgroup = SAMBA       security = user       map to guest = Bad User  //添加此行

2.创建共享目录

[root@hejie ~]# mkdir /opt/ranran[root@hejie ~]# chmod 777 /opt/ranran/[root@hejie ~]# ll /opt/ranran/ -ddrwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 Aug 7 19:24 /opt/ranran/

3.配置共享

[root@hejie ~]# cat >> /etc/samba/smb.conf  comment = ranranwoaini> path = /opt/ranran> browseable = yes> writable = yes> guest ok = yes> public = yes> EOF

4.重启服务

[root@hejie ~]# systemctl restart smb

5.在客户机上查看服务器端有哪些共享资源

[root@hyj ~]# smbclient -L 192.168.56.11 -U 'Bad User'Enter SAMBA\Bad User's password:    // 这里直接敲回车，不用输入密码Sharename Type Comment--------- ---- -------print$ Disk Printer Driverszhengran Disk zhengranwoainiran Disk ranranwoainiIPC$ IPC IPC Service (Samba 4.6.2)Reconnecting with SMB1 for workgroup listing.Server Comment--------- -------Workgroup Master--------- -------

6.将samba服务器的共享资源ran挂在到客户机上

[root@hyj ~]# mount -t cifs //192.168.56.11/ran /opt/ran -o username='Bad User'Password for Bad User@//192.168.56.11/ran:  [root@hyj ~]# df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1016M 16G 6% /devtmpfs 982M 0 982M 0% /devtmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 993M 8.5M 984M 1% /runtmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 1014M 125M 890M 13% /boottmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0//192.168.56.11/ran 47G 5.4G 42G 12% /opt/ran

7.在客户机上进入共享目录创建新文件

[root@hyj ~]# cd /opt/ran/[root@hyj ran]# ls[root@hyj ran]# touch a b c[root@hyj ran]# lsa b c

8.在服务端验证

[root@hejie ~]# cd /opt/ranran/[root@hejie ranran]# lsa b c