如何进行ABAP和Java SpringBoot的单元测试

本篇文章为大家展示了如何进行ABAP和Java SpringBoot的单元测试，内容简明扼要并且容易理解，绝对能使你眼前一亮，通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。

ABAP

在ABAP类里，本地类(Local Class)里用关键字FOR TESTING声明过的方法，

在单元测试启动后会自动被调用到。

Spring Boot

在Spring及Spring Boot "Convention over configuration"的设定思路里，放在路径src/test/java下面以Tests.java结尾的Java类会被当成单元测试类处理。

对上述项目执行命令行mvn clean install后，报错误消息：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to find a @SpringBootConfiguration, you need to use @ContextConfiguration or @SpringBootTest(classes=...) with your testat org.springframework.util.Assert.state(Assert.java:70)at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.getOrFindConfigurationClasses(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:202)at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.processMergedContextConfiguration(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:137)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:409)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildDefaultMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:323)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:277)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildTestContext(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:112)at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.buildTestContext(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:82)at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.(TestContextManager.java:120)at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.(TestContextManager.java:105)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTestContextManager(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:152)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:143)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner.(SpringRunner.java:49)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104)at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86)at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33)at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:283)at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeWithRerun(JUnit4Provider.java:173)at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:153)at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:128)at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:203)at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:155)at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:103)

从调用栈能看出，Spring Boot单元测试框架试图自动找到一个被施加单元测试的Java类，但是失败了，所以报了异常。

由于我这个SpringBoot项目的入口是com.sap.smartService.SmartServiceApplication, 因此我需要在单元测试启动类里指定这个入口类：
@SpringBootTest(classes = com.sap.smartService.SmartServiceApplication.class)

加上之后maven build成功：

上述内容就是如何进行ABAP和Java SpringBoot的单元测试，你们学到知识或技能了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或者丰富自己的知识储备，欢迎关注行业资讯频道。