awk如何将多行文件转换为一行

这篇文章主要介绍awk如何将多行文件转换为一行，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！

一、需求：

把这些数据库文件转换成一行，然后用scp -r 一次性作拷贝。

二、实例

[root@mysql5 ~]# cat /tmp/1ga_10122ga_10589ga_11053ga_11238ga_11559ga_11944ga_12193ga_13542ga_35179ga_36013ga_36063ga_36575ga_36737ga_36926ga_37962ga_39596ga_39599ga_39603ga_39604ga_39605ga_39608ga_39609ga_39610ga_39614ga_39618ga_39619ga_39622ga_39625ga_39626ga_39630ga_39633ga_39636ga_39639ga_39640ga_39642ga_39645ga_39648ga_39652ga_39654ga_39657ga_39668ga_39675ga_39687ga_39690ga_39691ga_39693ga_39695ga_39697ga_39702ga_39703ga_39704ga_39708ga_39715ga_39717ga_39724ga_39725ga_39727ga_39728ga_39730ga_39732ga_39738ga_39741ga_39743ga_39753ga_39757ga_39761ga_39765

三、解决有三种

1、采用awk

[root@mysql5 ~]# awk BEGIN{RS=EOF}'{gsub(/\n/," ");print}' /tmp/1ga_10122 ga_10589 ga_11053 ga_11238 ga_11559 ga_11944 ga_12193 ga_13542 ga_35179 ga_36013 ga_36063 ga_36575 ga_36737 ga_36926 ga_37962 ga_39596 ga_39599 ga_39603 ga_39604 ga_39605 ga_39608 ga_39609 ga_39610 ga_39614 ga_39618 ga_39619 ga_39622 ga_39625 ga_39626 ga_39630 ga_39633 ga_39636 ga_39639 ga_39640 ga_39642 ga_39645 ga_39648 ga_39652 ga_39654 ga_39657 ga_39668 ga_39675 ga_39687 ga_39690 ga_39691 ga_39693 ga_39695 ga_39697 ga_39702 ga_39703 ga_39704 ga_39708 ga_39715 ga_39717 ga_39724 ga_39725 ga_39727 ga_39728 ga_39730 ga_39732 ga_39738 ga_39741 ga_39743 ga_39753 ga_39757 ga_39761 ga_39765

awk默认将记录分隔符（record separator即RS）设置为\n，此行代码将RS设置为EOF（文件结束），也就是把文件视为一个记录，然后通过gsub函数将\n替换成空格，最后输出。

2、采用sed

[root@mysql5 ~]# sed ':a ; N;s/\n/ / ; t a ; ' /tmp/1ga_10122 ga_10589 ga_11053 ga_11238 ga_11559 ga_11944 ga_12193 ga_13542 ga_35179 ga_36013 ga_36063 ga_36575 ga_36737 ga_36926 ga_37962 ga_39596 ga_39599 ga_39603 ga_39604 ga_39605 ga_39608 ga_39609 ga_39610 ga_39614 ga_39618 ga_39619 ga_39622 ga_39625 ga_39626 ga_39630 ga_39633 ga_39636 ga_39639 ga_39640 ga_39642 ga_39645 ga_39648 ga_39652 ga_39654 ga_39657 ga_39668 ga_39675 ga_39687 ga_39690 ga_39691 ga_39693 ga_39695 ga_39697 ga_39702 ga_39703 ga_39704 ga_39708 ga_39715 ga_39717 ga_39724 ga_39725 ga_39727 ga_39728 ga_39730 ga_39732 ga_39738 ga_39741 ga_39743 ga_39753 ga_39757 ga_39761 ga_39765

说明：sed默认只按行处理，N可以让其读入下一行，再对\n进行替换，这样就可以将两行并做一行。但是怎么将所有行并作一行呢？可以采用sed的跳转功能。:a 在代码开始处设置一个标记a，在代码执行到结尾处时利用跳转命令t a重新跳转到标号a处，重新执行代码，这样就可以递归的将所有行合并成一行。

3、cat file | xargs

[root@mysql5 ~]# cat /tmp/1 | xargsga_10122 ga_10589 ga_11053 ga_11238 ga_11559 ga_11944 ga_12193 ga_13542 ga_35179 ga_36013 ga_36063 ga_36575 ga_36737 ga_36926 ga_37962 ga_39596 ga_39599 ga_39603 ga_39604 ga_39605 ga_39608 ga_39609 ga_39610 ga_39614 ga_39618 ga_39619 ga_39622 ga_39625 ga_39626 ga_39630 ga_39633 ga_39636 ga_39639 ga_39640 ga_39642 ga_39645 ga_39648 ga_39652 ga_39654 ga_39657 ga_39668 ga_39675 ga_39687 ga_39690 ga_39691 ga_39693 ga_39695 ga_39697 ga_39702 ga_39703 ga_39704 ga_39708 ga_39715 ga_39717 ga_39724 ga_39725 ga_39727 ga_39728 ga_39730 ga_39732 ga_39738 ga_39741 ga_39743 ga_39753 ga_39757 ga_39761 ga_39765

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