如何用python爬虫抓豆瓣电影数据

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代理Ip池生成函数

#生成代理池子，num为代理池容量
def proxypool(num):    n = 1    os.chdir(r'/Users/apple888/PycharmProjects/proxy IP')    fp = open('host.txt', 'r')    proxys = list()    ips = fp.readlines()    
    while n        for p in ips:            ip = p.strip('\n').split('\t')            proxy = 'http:\\' + ip[0] + ':' + ip[1]            proxies = {'proxy': proxy}            proxys.append(proxies)            n+=1    return proxys

下面开始爬

下面开始爬豆瓣电影的电影数据，我们要获取 电影名、演员、评分。

#爬豆瓣电影的代码
def fetch_movies(tag, pages, proxys):    os.chdir(r'/Users/apple888/PycharmProjects/proxy IP/豆瓣电影')    url = 'https://movie.douban.com/tag/爱情?start={}'    headers = {    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0; Nexus 5 Build/MRA58N) AppleWebKit/'                  '537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/56.0.2924.87 Mobile Safari/537.36'}    
    #用csv文件保存数据    csvFile = open("{}.csv".format(tag), 'a+', newline='', encoding='utf-8')    writer = csv.writer(csvFile)    writer.writerow(('name', 'score', 'peoples', 'date', 'nation', 'actor'))    
    for page in range(0, pages*(20+1), 20):        url = url.format(page)        
        try:            respones = requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxies=random.choice(proxys))            
            while respones.status_code!=200:                respones = requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxies=random.choice(proxys))            soup = BeautifulSoup(respones.text, 'lxml')            movies = soup.find_all(name='div', attrs={'class': 'pl2'})            
            for movie in movies:                movie = BeautifulSoup(str(movie), 'lxml')                movname = movie.find(name='a')                
                # 影片名                movname = movname.contents[0].replace(' ', '').strip('\n').strip('/').strip('\n')                movInfo = movie.find(name='p').contents[0].split('/')                
                # 上映日期                date = movInfo[0][0:10]                
                # 国家                nation = movInfo[0][11:-2]                actor_list = [act.strip(' ').replace('...', '') 
                              for act in movInfo[1:-1]]                
                # 演员                actors = '\t'.join(actor_list)                
                # 评分                score = movie.find('span', {'class': 'rating_nums'}).string                
                # 评论人数                peopleNum = movie.find('span', {'class': 'pl'}).string[1:-4]                writer.writerow((movname, score, peopleNum, date, nation, actors))        
                except:            
                    continue        print('共有{}页，已爬{}页'.format(pages, int((page/20))))

执行上面函数的代码

import timestart = time.time()proxyPool= proxypool(50)fetch_movies('烂片', 111, proxyPool)end = time.time()lastT = int(end-start)print('耗时{}s'.format(lastT))

Perfect

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