Android网络封装的示例分析

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前言：

模拟用户登录，从安卓发送请求到服务端校验，再从服务端返回给安卓校验结果

1.在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加网络权限

所放位置如图所示：

2.添加依赖，在app模块下的build.gradle中添加okhttp和json的依赖

implementation group: 'com.squareup.okhttp3', name: 'okhttp', version: '4.9.0'implementation 'com.alibaba:fastjson:1.2.10'

添加位置如图所示，添加之后点击进行编译引入。

3.封装一个实体类，用于接收请求后的响应信息。（响应，包括响应码code和响应体body）

public class ResponseBody {    private String code;//响应码    private Object result;//响应体    public String getCode() {        return code;    }    public void setCode(String code) {        this.code = code;    }    public Object getResult() {        return result;    }    public void setResult(Object result) {        this.result = result;    }}

4.封装一个实体类（User）

public class User {    private int id;    private String username;    private String password;    private String phone;    private String name;    private String sex;    public int getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(int id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getUsername() {        return username;    }    public void setUsername(String username) {        this.username = username;    }    public String getPassword() {        return password;    }    public void setPassword(String password) {        this.password = password;    }    public String getPhone() {        return phone;    }    public void setPhone(String phone) {        this.phone = phone;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getSex() {        return sex;    }    public void setSex(String sex) {        this.sex = sex;    }}

5.定义OkHttp工具，包括get，post两种请求方式

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Set;import okhttp3.Cookie;import okhttp3.CookieJar;import okhttp3.FormBody;import okhttp3.HttpUrl;import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;import okhttp3.Request;import okhttp3.Response; public class OkHttpUtils {    private static final String BASE_URL = "http://192.168.10.104:8080/"; //地址    private static OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();    private static ResponseBody responseBody;/**因为OkHttp自带cookie效果，在构造方法中进行初始化，使其生效*/    public OkHttpUtils(){        final Map> cookieStore=new HashMap<>();        client=new OkHttpClient.Builder().cookieJar(new CookieJar() {            @Override            public void saveFromResponse(@NonNull HttpUrl httpUrl, @NonNull List list) {                cookieStore.put(httpUrl.host(),list);            }            @NonNull            @Override            public List loadForRequest(@NonNull HttpUrl httpUrl) {                List cookies=cookieStore.get(httpUrl.host());                return cookies==null?new ArrayList<>():cookies;            }        }).build();    }    /**     * get请求，这里没加线程控制，如果有需要可以加一下     */    public static ResponseBody get(String url) {        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(getAbsoluteUrl(url)).build();        Response response = null;        try {            response = client.newCall(request).execute();            responseBody= dealResponse(response.body().string());        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return responseBody;    }    /**     * post请求，参数是通过map键值对形式传递过来的     */    public static  ResponseBody  post(String url, Map value) {        FormBody formBody=dealFormBody(value);        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(getAbsoluteUrl(url)).post(formBody).build();        Response response;        try {                response = client.newCall(request).execute();            responseBody= dealResponse(response.body().string());        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return responseBody;    }/**将请求返回结果封装到ResponseBody */    public static ResponseBody dealResponse(String result){        ResponseBody responseBody=new ResponseBody();            JSONObject json = JSONObject.parseObject(result);            responseBody.setCode(json.get("code")+"");            responseBody.setResult(json.get("data"));            return responseBody;    }/*处理请求参数*/    public static FormBody dealFormBody(Map maps){        FormBody.Builder builder = new FormBody.Builder();        Set keySet=maps.keySet();        for(Iterator iterator = keySet.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();)        {            String key=iterator.next();            builder.add(key, maps.get(key)+"");        }        return builder.build();    }/*将url拼接起来，封装成完整url*/    private static String getAbsoluteUrl(String relativeUrl) {        return BASE_URL + relativeUrl;    }}

6.定义好之后，测试访问

我在MainActivity中添加按钮进行的测试，具体界面就不一一介绍了，测试代码如下：

 import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private OkHttpClient okHttpClient;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        Button login= findViewById(R.id.login);//为界面上的按钮设置监听事件，点击就会调用下面的test方法        login.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View view) {                test();            }        });    }/**/    public void test(){        new Thread(()-> {            String url="user/info/getUser";            Map maps=new HashMap<>();//将请求参数添加到map中            maps.put("username","zhangsan");            maps.put("password","123456");            ResponseBody result=OkHttpUtils.post(url,maps);//传url参数和map            System.out.println(result.getCode());            User user= dealJsonToObject(result);            System.out.println(result.getResult());            System.out.println(user.getPhone());        }).start();    }   //处理json到实体类public User dealJsonToObject(ResponseBody result){    JSONArray arr= (JSONArray) JSONArray.parse(result.getResult().toString());    JSONObject jsonObject = arr.getJSONObject(0);    User user = JSON.toJavaObject(jsonObject,User.class);        return user;}}

7.服务器是由java编写

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