Android如何使用MediaCodec将摄像头采集的视频编码为h264

这篇文章主要介绍Android如何使用MediaCodec将摄像头采集的视频编码为h264，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！

具体内容如下

MainActivity.java

import android.app.Activity;import android.graphics.ImageFormat;import android.hardware.Camera;import android.hardware.Camera.Parameters;import android.hardware.Camera.PreviewCallback;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.SurfaceHolder;import android.view.SurfaceView;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;public class MainActivity extends Activity implements SurfaceHolder.Callback,PreviewCallback{  private SurfaceView surfaceview;  private SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder;  private Camera camera;  private Parameters parameters;  int width = 1280;  int height = 720;  int framerate = 30;  int biterate = 8500*1000;  private static int yuvqueuesize = 10;  //待解码视频缓冲队列，静态成员！  public static ArrayBlockingQueue YUVQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue(yuvqueuesize);  private AvcEncoder avcCodec;  @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    surfaceview = (SurfaceView)findViewById(R.id.surfaceview);    surfaceHolder = surfaceview.getHolder();    surfaceHolder.addCallback(this);  }  @Override  public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {    camera = getBackCamera();    startcamera(camera);    //创建AvEncoder对象    avcCodec = new AvcEncoder(width,height,framerate,biterate);    //启动编码线程    avcCodec.StartEncoderThread();  }  @Override  public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {  }  @Override  public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {    if (null != camera) {      camera.setPreviewCallback(null);      camera.stopPreview();      camera.release();      camera = null;      avcCodec.StopThread();    }  }  @Override  public void onPreviewFrame(byte[] data, android.hardware.Camera camera) {    //将当前帧图像保存在队列中    putYUVData(data,data.length);  }  public void putYUVData(byte[] buffer, int length) {    if (YUVQueue.size() >= 10) {      YUVQueue.poll();    }    YUVQueue.add(buffer);  }  private void startcamera(Camera mCamera){    if(mCamera != null){      try {        mCamera.setPreviewCallback(this);        mCamera.setDisplayOrientation(90);        if(parameters == null){          parameters = mCamera.getParameters();        }        //获取默认的camera配置        parameters = mCamera.getParameters();        //设置预览格式        parameters.setPreviewFormat(ImageFormat.NV21);        //设置预览图像分辨率        parameters.setPreviewSize(width, height);        //配置camera参数        mCamera.setParameters(parameters);        //将完全初始化的SurfaceHolder传入到setPreviewDisplay(SurfaceHolder)中        //没有surface的话，相机不会开启preview预览        mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);        //调用startPreview()用以更新preview的surface，必须要在拍照之前start Preview        mCamera.startPreview();      } catch (IOException e) {        e.printStackTrace();      }    }  }  private Camera getBackCamera() {    Camera c = null;    try {      //获取Camera的实例      c = Camera.open(0);    } catch (Exception e) {      e.printStackTrace();    }    //获取Camera的实例失败时返回null    return c;  }}

2.AvcEncoder.java

import android.media.MediaCodec;import android.media.MediaCodecInfo;import android.media.MediaFormat;import android.os.Environment;import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.nio.ByteBuffer;import static android.media.MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG;import static android.media.MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_KEY_FRAME;public class AvcEncoder{  private final static String TAG = "MeidaCodec";  private int TIMEOUT_USEC = 12000;  private MediaCodec mediaCodec;  int m_width;  int m_height;  int m_framerate;  public byte[] configbyte;  public AvcEncoder(int width, int height, int framerate, int bitrate) {    m_width = width;    m_height = height;    m_framerate = framerate;    MediaFormat mediaFormat = MediaFormat.createVideoFormat("video/avc", width, height);    mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_COLOR_FORMAT, MediaCodecInfo.CodecCapabilities.COLOR_FormatYUV420SemiPlanar);    mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_BIT_RATE, width*height*5);    mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_FRAME_RATE, 30);    mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_I_FRAME_INTERVAL, 1);    try {      mediaCodec = MediaCodec.createEncoderByType("video/avc");    } catch (IOException e) {      e.printStackTrace();    }    //配置编码器参数    mediaCodec.configure(mediaFormat, null, null, MediaCodec.CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE);    //启动编码器    mediaCodec.start();    //创建保存编码后数据的文件    createfile();  }  private static String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/test1.h364";  private BufferedOutputStream outputStream;  private void createfile(){    File file = new File(path);    if(file.exists()){      file.delete();    }    try {      outputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));    } catch (Exception e){      e.printStackTrace();    }  }  private void StopEncoder() {    try {      mediaCodec.stop();      mediaCodec.release();    } catch (Exception e){      e.printStackTrace();    }  }  public boolean isRuning = false;  public void StopThread(){    isRuning = false;    try {      StopEncoder();      outputStream.flush();      outputStream.close();    } catch (IOException e) {      e.printStackTrace();    }  }  int count = 0;  public void StartEncoderThread(){    Thread EncoderThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {      @Override      public void run() {        isRuning = true;        byte[] input = null;        long pts = 0;        long generateIndex = 0;        while (isRuning) {          //访问MainActivity用来缓冲待解码数据的队列          if (MainActivity.YUVQueue.size() >0){            //从缓冲队列中取出一帧            input = MainActivity.YUVQueue.poll();            byte[] yuv420sp = new byte[m_width*m_height*3/2];            //把待编码的视频帧转换为YUV420格式            NV21ToNV12(input,yuv420sp,m_width,m_height);            input = yuv420sp;          }          if (input != null) {            try {              long startMs = System.currentTimeMillis();              //编码器输入缓冲区              ByteBuffer[] inputBuffers = mediaCodec.getInputBuffers();              //编码器输出缓冲区              ByteBuffer[] outputBuffers = mediaCodec.getOutputBuffers();              int inputBufferIndex = mediaCodec.dequeueInputBuffer(-1);              if (inputBufferIndex >= 0) {                pts = computePresentationTime(generateIndex);                ByteBuffer inputBuffer = inputBuffers[inputBufferIndex];                inputBuffer.clear();                //把转换后的YUV420格式的视频帧放到编码器输入缓冲区中                inputBuffer.put(input);                mediaCodec.queueInputBuffer(inputBufferIndex, 0, input.length, pts, 0);                generateIndex += 1;              }              MediaCodec.BufferInfo bufferInfo = new MediaCodec.BufferInfo();              int outputBufferIndex = mediaCodec.dequeueOutputBuffer(bufferInfo, TIMEOUT_USEC);              while (outputBufferIndex >= 0) {                //Log.i("AvcEncoder", "Get H264 Buffer Success! flag = "+bufferInfo.flags+",pts = "+bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs+"");                ByteBuffer outputBuffer = outputBuffers[outputBufferIndex];                byte[] outData = new byte[bufferInfo.size];                outputBuffer.get(outData);                if(bufferInfo.flags == BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG){                  configbyte = new byte[bufferInfo.size];                  configbyte = outData;                }else if(bufferInfo.flags == BUFFER_FLAG_KEY_FRAME){                  byte[] keyframe = new byte[bufferInfo.size + configbyte.length];                  System.arraycopy(configbyte, 0, keyframe, 0, configbyte.length);                  //把编码后的视频帧从编码器输出缓冲区中拷贝出来                  System.arraycopy(outData, 0, keyframe, configbyte.length, outData.length);                  outputStream.write(keyframe, 0, keyframe.length);                }else{                  //写到文件中                  outputStream.write(outData, 0, outData.length);                }                mediaCodec.releaseOutputBuffer(outputBufferIndex, false);                outputBufferIndex = mediaCodec.dequeueOutputBuffer(bufferInfo, TIMEOUT_USEC);              }            } catch (Throwable t) {              t.printStackTrace();            }          } else {            try {              Thread.sleep(500);            } catch (InterruptedException e) {              e.printStackTrace();            }          }        }      }    });    EncoderThread.start();  }  private void NV21ToNV12(byte[] nv21,byte[] nv12,int width,int height){    if(nv21 == null || nv12 == null)return;    int framesize = width*height;    int i = 0,j = 0;    System.arraycopy(nv21, 0, nv12, 0, framesize);    for(i = 0; i < framesize; i++){      nv12[i] = nv21[i];    }    for (j = 0; j < framesize/2; j+=2)    {      nv12[framesize + j-1] = nv21[j+framesize];    }    for (j = 0; j < framesize/2; j+=2)    {      nv12[framesize + j] = nv21[j+framesize-1];    }  }  /**   * Generates the presentation time for frame N, in microseconds.   */  private long computePresentationTime(long frameIndex) {    return 132 + frameIndex * 1000000 / m_framerate;  }}

3.activity_main.xml

4.添加权限

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