Linux下如何查看磁盘文件系统格式

文件系统的种类有很多，每一种文件系统的结构，逻辑，存取速度，灵活性，安全性，大小，等等都不一样。文件系统可以被使用在磁带，移动硬盘，闪存等地方。总之，文件系统的类别有很多，也很复杂。

df -T 　　　　只可以查看已经挂载的分区和文件系统类型。

Try `df --help' for more information.[root@localhost huanghai]# df -TFilesystem     Type     1K-blocks        Used   Available Use% Mounted on/dev/sda3      ext4     541474624   431342832    82619832  84% /tmpfs          tmpfs     16315340      627124    15688216   4% /dev/shm/dev/sda1      ext4        999320       64356      882536   7% /boot/dev/sdb1      ext4    4755888276   193163092  4321133328   5% /data/dev/sdc1      ext4  107406275100 53236939356 48798242192  53% /usr/local/tomcat7/webapps/dsideal_yy/html/down

fdisk -l 可以显示出所有挂载和未挂载的分区，但不显示文件系统类型。

[root@localhost huanghai]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 598.9 GB, 598879502336 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 72809 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x000ccf9c  Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sda1   *           1         131     1048576   83  LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2             131        4309    33554432   82  Linux swap / Solaris/dev/sda3            4309       72810   550239232   83  LinuxWARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.Disk /dev/sdb: 4947.8 GB, 4947802324992 bytes256 heads, 63 sectors/track, 599186 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16128 * 512 = 8257536 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000  Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1               1      266306  2147483647+  ee  GPTPartition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdc'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.Disk /dev/sdc: 110000.0 GB, 109999997059072 bytes256 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13321164 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16128 * 512 = 8257536 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 1048576 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000  Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdc1               1      266306  2147483647+  ee  GPTPartition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.

切换成gdisk再试试

[root@localhost huanghai]# gdisk -l /dev/sdbGPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10Partition table scan: MBR: protective BSD: not present APM: not present GPT: presentFound valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.Disk /dev/sdb: 9663676416 sectors, 4.5 TiBLogical sector size: 512 bytesDisk identifier (GUID): BB32BC66-154F-40BC-A100-ADF169403ED0Partition table holds up to 128 entriesFirst usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 9663676382Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundariesTotal free space is 2014 sectors (1007.0 KiB)Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name  1            2048      9663676382   4.5 TiB     8300  Linux filesystem

parted -l 可以查看未挂载的文件系统类型，以及哪些分区尚未格式化。

Model: DELL PERC H330 Mini (scsi)Disk /dev/sda: 599GBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/512BPartition Table: msdosNumber  Start   End     Size    Type     File system     Flags1      1049kB  1075MB  1074MB  primary  ext4            boot2      1075MB  35.4GB  34.4GB  primary  linux-swap(v1)3      35.4GB  599GB   563GB   primary  ext4Model: DELL MD38xxf (scsi)Disk /dev/sdb: 4948GBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096BPartition Table: gptNumber  Start   End     Size    File system  Name              Flags1      1049kB  4948GB  4948GB  ext4         Linux filesystemModel: HPE MSA 2050 SAN (scsi)Disk /dev/sdc: 110TBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096BPartition Table: gptNumber  Start   End    Size   File system  Name              Flags1      1049kB  110TB  110TB  ext4         Linux filesystem

lsblk -f 也可以查看未挂载的文件系统类型。

[root@localhost huanghai]# lsblk -fNAME   FSTYPE LABEL UUID                                 MOUNTPOINTsda                                                      ├─sda1 ext4         bc5635e2-b09f-4ff7-9749-b856bc33ab04 /boot├─sda2 swap         b025568d-9943-469c-92cf-1603ad89093e [SWAP]└─sda3 ext4         2f14a976-3e63-4a59-83e4-ccab3e5bc049 /sdb                                                      └─sdb1 ext4         d0b1d4d3-0284-4c48-9a23-ade65a571865 /datasdc                                                      └─sdc1 ext4         c2432c06-6459-473c-a884-e912c0db87dd /usr/local/tomcat7/webapps/dsideal_yy/html/downsr0

file -s /dev/sda3

[root@localhost huanghai]# file -s /dev/sda3/dev/sda3: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data (needs journal recovery) (extents) (large files) (huge files)You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root