命名访问控制列表详解

命名访问控制列表

本章目标：通过实验学会命名访问控制列表，添加访问控制，删除访问控制

实验图：

4台主机，一个二层交换机，一个三层交换机
sw1:划分VLAN,给VLAN配置接口，做trunk链路
sw2:划分vlan,通过接口给vlan配置虚拟地址，做trunk链路，做命名访问控制
，关闭交换端口变成三层端口。
pc1:192.168.10.10/24
pc2:192.168.10.20/24
pc3:192.168.20.20/24
pc4:192.168.100.100/24

一.给二层交换机配置VLAN,给vlan配置接口,做trunk链路

sw1#conf tsw1(config)#vlan 10,20sw1(config-vlan)#do show vlan-sw b  //查看vlan详细信息sw1(config-vlan)#exsw1(config)#do show vlan-sw bVLAN Name                             Status    Ports---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------1    default                          active    Fa1/0, Fa1/1, Fa1/2, Fa1/3                                                Fa1/4, Fa1/5, Fa1/6, Fa1/7                                                Fa1/8, Fa1/9, Fa1/10, Fa1/11                                                Fa1/12, Fa1/13, Fa1/14, Fa1/1510   VLAN0010                         active    20   VLAN0020                         active    1002 fddi-default                     act/unsup 1003 token-ring-default               act/unsup 1004 fddinet-default                  act/unsup 1005 trnet-default                    act/unsup sw1(config)#int range fa1/1 -2sw1(config-if-range)#sw mo acc         //进入接口模式sw1(config-if-range)#sw acc vlan 10  //配置vlansw1(config-if-range)#exsw1(config)#do show vlan-sw b VLAN Name                             Status    Ports---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------1    default                          active    Fa1/0, Fa1/3, Fa1/4, Fa1/5                                                Fa1/6, Fa1/7, Fa1/8, Fa1/9                                                Fa1/10, Fa1/11, Fa1/12, Fa1/13                                                Fa1/14, Fa1/1510   VLAN0010                         active    Fa1/1, Fa1/220   VLAN0020                         active    1002 fddi-default                     act/unsup 1003 token-ring-default               act/unsup 1004 fddinet-default                  act/unsup 1005 trnet-default                    act/unsup sw1(config)#int f1/3sw1(config-if)#sw mo acc sw1(config-if)#sw acc vlan 20sw1(config-if)#exsw1(config)#do show vlan-sw bVLAN Name                             Status    Ports---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------1    default                          active    Fa1/0, Fa1/4, Fa1/5, Fa1/6                                                Fa1/7, Fa1/8, Fa1/9, Fa1/10                                                Fa1/11, Fa1/12, Fa1/13, Fa1/14                                                Fa1/1510   VLAN0010                         active    Fa1/1, Fa1/220   VLAN0020                         active    Fa1/31002 fddi-default                     act/unsup 1003 token-ring-default               act/unsup 1004 fddinet-default                  act/unsup 1005 trnet-default                    act/unsup sw1(config)#int f1/0sw1(config-if)#sw mo tsw1(config-if)#sw t en dotsw1(config-if)#exsw1(config)#no ip routing  //关闭路由功能

二.进入三层交换机，划分vlan,通过接口给vlan配置虚拟网址（需要关闭交换端口）,配置trunk链路

sw2#conf tsw2(config)#int f1/1sw2(config-if)#no switchport //关闭交换端口sw2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0sw2(config-if)#no shutsw2(config-if)#do show ip int bInterface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                ProtocolFastEthernet0/0            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down    FastEthernet0/1            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down    FastEthernet1/0            unassigned      YES unset  up                    up      FastEthernet1/1            192.168.100.1   YES manual up                    up      FastEthernet1/2            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/3            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/4            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/5            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/6            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/7            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/8            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/9            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/10           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/11           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/12           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/13           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/14           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/15           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    Vlan1                      unassigned      YES unset  up                    up      sw2(config-if)#ex sw2(config)#vlan 10,20sw2(config-vlan)#exsw2(config)#int vlan 10sw2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0sw2(config-if)#no shutsw2(config-if)#exsw2(config)#int vlan 20sw2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0sw2(config-if)#no shutsw2(config-if)#exsw2(config)#do show ip int bInterface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                ProtocolFastEthernet0/0            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down    FastEthernet0/1            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down    FastEthernet1/0            unassigned      YES unset  up                    up      FastEthernet1/1            192.168.100.1   YES manual up                    up      FastEthernet1/2            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/3            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/4            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/5            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/6            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/7            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/8            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/9            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/10           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/11           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/12           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/13           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/14           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    FastEthernet1/15           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    Vlan1                      unassigned      YES unset  up                    up      Vlan10                     192.168.10.1    YES manual up                    down    Vlan20                     192.168.20.1    YES manual up                    down    sw2(config)#int f1/0sw2(config-if)#sw mo tsw2(config-if)#sw t en dotsw2(config-if)#ex

三.给每个主机配置IP地址和网关

PC4> PC4> ip 192.168.100.100 192.168.100.1Checking for duplicate address...PC1 : 192.168.100.100 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.100.1PC1> ip 192.168.10.10 192.168.10.1Checking for duplicate address...PC1 : 192.168.10.10 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.10.1PC2> PC2> ip 192.168.10.20 192.168.10.1Checking for duplicate address...PC1 : 192.168.10.20 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.10.1PC3> ip 192.168.20.20 192.168.20.1Checking for duplicate address...PC1 : 192.168.20.20 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.20.1

四.测试是不是全网互通

PC1> ping 192.168.100.100168.100.100 icmp_seq=1 timeoutbytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=14.997 msbytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=15.984 msbytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=16.953 msbytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=5 ttl=63 time=20.978 msPC1> ping 192.168.10.20bytes from 192.168.10.20 icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.000 msbytes from 192.168.10.20 icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.000 msbytes from 192.168.10.20 icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.979 msbytes from 192.168.10.20 icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.000 msPC1> ping 192.168.20.20168.20.20 icmp_seq=1 timeoutbytes from 192.168.20.20 icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=14.960 msbytes from 192.168.20.20 icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=18.941 msbytes from 192.168.20.20 icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=15.956 msbytes from 192.168.20.20 icmp_seq=5 ttl=63 time=19.973 ms

五.进入三层交换机配置命名访问控制列表

sw2(config)#ip access-list standard kgc  //进入标准访问控制，命名叫kgcsw2(config-std-nacl)#permit host 192.168.10.10  //允许10.10主机访问sw2(config-std-nacl)#deny 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 //拒绝10.0网段主机访问sw2(config-std-nacl)#permit any  //允许所有主机访问sw2(config-std-nacl)#exsw2(config)#do show access-lists    //查看访问控制列表Standard IP access list kgc    10 permit 192.168.10.10    20 deny   192.168.10.0, wildcard bits 0.0.0.255    30 permit anysw2(config)#int f1/1sw2(config-if)#ip access-group kgc out  //应用于接口，离限制最近的，如果我要设置为入，我需要设置三次，出就要一次就够了sw2(config-if)#ex

六.测试我们实验的需求是否生效

PC1> ping 192.168.100.10084 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=18.941 ms84 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=15.408 ms84 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=12.003 ms84 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=20.997 msPC3> ping 192.168.100.10084 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=20.942 ms84 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=14.992 ms84 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=13.963 ms84 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=14.925 ms84 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=5 ttl=63 time=21.940 msPC2> ping 192.168.100.100*192.168.10.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=8.972 ms (ICMP type:3, code:13, Communication administratively prohibited)*192.168.10.1 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=10.971 ms (ICMP type:3, code:13, Communication administratively prohibited)*192.168.10.1 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=5.987 ms (ICMP type:3, code:13, Communication administratively prohibited)*192.168.10.1 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=10.969 ms (ICMP type:3, code:13, Communication administratively prohibited)*192.168.10.1 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=2.998 ms (ICMP type:3, code:13, Communication administratively prohibited)

七.我们再加一条需求，我们有允许10.20主机可以去访问

sw2(config)#ip access-list standard kgcsw2(config-std-nacl)#12 permit host 192.168.10.20  //我们只能写10的上面或者10-20之间，我们要写到20下面就没有任何意义，已经拒绝10.0网段的了再写10.20无意义。sw2(config-std-nacl)#exsw2(config)#do show access-listsStandard IP access list kgc    10 permit 192.168.10.10 (8 matches)    12 permit 192.168.10.20    20 deny   192.168.10.0, wildcard bits 0.0.0.255 (10 matches)    30 permit any (5 matches)

八.来测试PC2,10.20能不能访问pc4主机

PC2> ping 192.168.100.100192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=1 timeout192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=2 timeout84 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=20.970 ms84 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=17.950 ms84 bytes from 192.168.100.100 icmp_seq=5 ttl=63 time=18.008 ms

九.删除访问控制列表的一条，如果要删除整租ACL，no ip access-ist stand kgc

sw2(config)#ip access-list standard kgcsw2(config-std-nacl)#no 12sw2(config-std-nacl)#do show access-lists                                  Standard IP access list kgc    10 permit 192.168.10.10 (8 matches)    20 deny   192.168.10.0, wildcard bits 0.0.0.255 (10 matches)    30 permit any (5 matches)

sw2(config)#no ip access-list standard kgc            sw2(config)#do show access-lists          sw2(config)#

本章内容结束，谢谢收看