基于nginx反向代理如何获取用户真实Ip地址

小编给大家分享一下基于nginx反向代理如何获取用户真实Ip地址，相信大部分人都还不怎么了解，因此分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大有收获，下面让我们一起去了解一下吧！

引言

nginx做反向代理时，默认的配置后端获取到的Ip地址都来自于nginx，用request.getRemoteAddr();获取到的是nginx的ip地址,而不是用户的真实ip.

1.修改Nginx配置:

    server {        listen       80;        server_name  jenkins.local.com;        location / {            proxy_set_header Host $host;            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;            proxy_pass http://192.168.10.204:8899;            }         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;         location = /50x.html {            root   html;            index  index.html index.htm index.jsp index.action default.html;         }           proxy_set_header Host $host;        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;    }

在原来的基础配置上加上后三行配置，就可以使用request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for")来获取用户真实的Ip地址了

2.java获取客户端Ip

package com.zimax.cqyf.admin.util;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import java.net.InetAddress;import java.net.UnknownHostException; /** * http工具类 */public class HttpUtils {    /**     * 获取真实的ip     * @param request     * @return     * @throws UnknownHostException     */    public static String getRealIp(HttpServletRequest request){        String ip;        // 有的user可能使用代理，为处理用户使用代理的情况，使用x-forwarded-for        if  (request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for") == null)  {            ip = request.getRemoteAddr();        }  else  {            ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");        }        if  ("127.0.0.1".equals(ip))  {            try {                // 获取本机真正的ip地址                ip = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();            }catch (Exception e){                e.printStackTrace();            }        }        return ip;    } }

附：一个ip工具类

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;/*** IP地址工具类* @author xudongdong**/public class IpUtil {        /**     * 私有化构造器     */    private IpUtil() {    }    /**     * 获取真实IP地址     * 
使用getRealIP代替该方法
     * @param request req     * @return ip     */    @Deprecated    public static String getClinetIpByReq(HttpServletRequest request) {        // 获取客户端ip地址        String clientIp = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");        if (clientIp == null || clientIp.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(clientIp)) {            clientIp = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");        }        if (clientIp == null || clientIp.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(clientIp)) {            clientIp = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");        }        if (clientIp == null || clientIp.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(clientIp)) {            clientIp = request.getRemoteAddr();        }        /*         * 对于获取到多ip的情况下，找到公网ip.         */        String sIP = null;        if (clientIp != null && !clientIp.contains("unknown") && clientIp.indexOf(",") > 0) {            String[] ipsz = clientIp.split(",");            for (String anIpsz : ipsz) {                if (!isInnerIP(anIpsz.trim())) {                    sIP = anIpsz.trim();                    break;                }            }            /*             * 如果多ip都是内网ip，则取第一个ip.             */            if (null == sIP) {                sIP = ipsz[0].trim();            }            clientIp = sIP;        }        if (clientIp != null && clientIp.contains("unknown")){            clientIp =clientIp.replaceAll("unknown,", "");            clientIp = clientIp.trim();        }        if ("".equals(clientIp) || null == clientIp){            clientIp = "127.0.0.1";        }        return clientIp;    }        /**     * 判断IP是否是内网地址     * @param ipAddress ip地址     * @return 是否是内网地址     */    public static boolean isInnerIP(String ipAddress) {        boolean isInnerIp;        long ipNum = getIpNum(ipAddress);        /**           私有IP：A类  10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255                  B类  172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255                  C类  192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255           当然，还有127这个网段是环回地址           **/        long aBegin = getIpNum("10.0.0.0");        long aEnd = getIpNum("10.255.255.255");                long bBegin = getIpNum("172.16.0.0");        long bEnd = getIpNum("172.31.255.255");                long cBegin = getIpNum("192.168.0.0");        long cEnd = getIpNum("192.168.255.255");        isInnerIp = isInner(ipNum, aBegin, aEnd) || isInner(ipNum, bBegin, bEnd) || isInner(ipNum, cBegin, cEnd)                || ipAddress.equals("127.0.0.1");        return isInnerIp;    }    private static long getIpNum(String ipAddress) {        String[] ip = ipAddress.split("\\.");        long a = Integer.parseInt(ip[0]);        long b = Integer.parseInt(ip[1]);        long c = Integer.parseInt(ip[2]);        long d = Integer.parseInt(ip[3]);        return a * 256 * 256 * 256 + b * 256 * 256 + c * 256 + d;    }        private static boolean isInner(long userIp, long begin, long end) {        return (userIp >= begin) && (userIp <= end);    }    public static String getRealIP(HttpServletRequest request){        // 获取客户端ip地址        String clientIp = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");        if (clientIp == null || clientIp.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(clientIp)) {            clientIp = request.getRemoteAddr();        }        String[] clientIps = clientIp.split(",");        if(clientIps.length <= 1) return clientIp.trim();        // 判断是否来自CDN        if(isComefromCDN(request)){            if(clientIps.length>=2) return clientIps[clientIps.length-2].trim();        }        return clientIps[clientIps.length-1].trim();    }    private static boolean isComefromCDN(HttpServletRequest request) {        String host = request.getHeader("host");        return host.contains("www.189.cn") ||host.contains("shouji.189.cn") || host.contains(                "image2.chinatelecom-ec.com") || host.contains(                "image1.chinatelecom-ec.com");    }}

以上是"基于nginx反向代理如何获取用户真实Ip地址"这篇文章的所有内容，感谢各位的阅读！相信大家都有了一定的了解，希望分享的内容对大家有所帮助，如果还想学习更多知识，欢迎关注行业资讯频道！