C++中怎么实现串口通信

本篇文章为大家展示了C++中怎么实现串口通信，内容简明扼要并且容易理解，绝对能使你眼前一亮，通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。

#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include int set_serial(int fd,int nSpeed,int nBits,char nEvent,int nStop){    struct termios newttys1,oldttys1;     /*保存原有串口配置*/     if(tcgetattr(fd,&oldttys1)!=0)      {          perror("Setupserial 1");          return -1;     }     bzero(&newttys1,sizeof(newttys1));     newttys1.c_cflag|=(CLOCAL|CREAD ); /*CREAD 开启串行数据接收，CLOCAL并打开本地连接模式*/     newttys1.c_cflag &=~CSIZE;/*设置数据位*/     /*数据位选择*/        switch(nBits)     {         case 7:             newttys1.c_cflag |=CS7;             break;         case 8:             newttys1.c_cflag |=CS8;             break;     }     /*设置奇偶校验位*/     switch( nEvent )     {         case '0':  /*奇校验*/             newttys1.c_cflag |= PARENB;/*开启奇偶校验*/             newttys1.c_iflag |= (INPCK | ISTRIP);/*INPCK打开输入奇偶校验；ISTRIP去除字符的第八个比特  */             newttys1.c_cflag |= PARODD;/*启用奇校验(默认为偶校验)*/             break;         case 'E':/*偶校验*/             newttys1.c_cflag |= PARENB; /*开启奇偶校验  */             newttys1.c_iflag |= ( INPCK | ISTRIP);/*打开输入奇偶校验并去除字符第八个比特*/             newttys1.c_cflag &= ~PARODD;/*启用偶校验*/             break;         case 'N': /*无奇偶校验*/             newttys1.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;             break;     }     /*设置波特率*/    switch( nSpeed )      {        case 2400:            cfsetispeed(&newttys1, B2400);            cfsetospeed(&newttys1, B2400);            break;        case 4800:            cfsetispeed(&newttys1, B4800);            cfsetospeed(&newttys1, B4800);            break;        case 9600:            cfsetispeed(&newttys1, B9600);            cfsetospeed(&newttys1, B9600);            break;        case 115200:            cfsetispeed(&newttys1, B115200);            cfsetospeed(&newttys1, B115200);            break;        default:            cfsetispeed(&newttys1, B9600);            cfsetospeed(&newttys1, B9600);            break;    }     /*设置停止位*/    if( nStop == 1)/*设置停止位；若停止位为1，则清除CSTOPB，若停止位为2，则激活CSTOPB*/    {        newttys1.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;/*默认为一位停止位； */    }    else if( nStop == 2)    {        newttys1.c_cflag |= CSTOPB;/*CSTOPB表示送两位停止位*/    }    /*设置最少字符和等待时间，对于接收字符和等待时间没有特别的要求时*/    newttys1.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;/*非规范模式读取时的超时时间；*/    newttys1.c_cc[VMIN]  = 0; /*非规范模式读取时的最小字符数*/    tcflush(fd ,TCIFLUSH);/*tcflush清空终端未完成的输入/输出请求及数据；TCIFLUSH表示清空正收到的数据，且不读取出来 */     /*激活配置使其生效*/    if((tcsetattr( fd, TCSANOW,&newttys1))!=0)    {        perror("com set error");        return -1;    }    return 0;}

SINGAL信号形式

#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#include #define FALSE -1#define TRUE 0#define flag 1#define noflag 0int wait_flag = noflag;int STOP = 0;int res;int speed_arr[] = {B38400, B19200, B9600, B4800, B2400, B1200, B300, B38400, B19200, B9600, B4800, B2400, B1200, B300,};int name_arr[] = {38400, 19200, 9600, 4800, 2400, 1200, 300, 38400, 19200, 9600, 4800, 2400, 1200, 300,};void set_speed(int fd, int speed) {    int i;    int status;    struct termios Opt;    tcgetattr(fd, &Opt);    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(speed_arr) / sizeof(int); i++) {        if (speed == name_arr[i]) {            tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);            cfsetispeed(&Opt, speed_arr[i]);            cfsetospeed(&Opt, speed_arr[i]);            status = tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &Opt);            if (status != 0) {                perror("tcsetattr fd1");                return;            }            tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);        }    }}int set_Parity(int fd, int databits, int stopbits, int parity) {    struct termios options;    if (tcgetattr(fd, &options) != 0) {        perror("SetupSerial 1");        return (FALSE);    }    options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;    switch (databits) {        case 7:            options.c_cflag |= CS7;            break;        case 8:            options.c_cflag |= CS8;            break;        default:            fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported data size\n");            return (FALSE);    }    switch (parity) {        case 'n':        case 'N':            options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB; /* Clear parity enable */ options.c_iflag &= ~INPCK; /* Enable parity checking */ break;        case 'o':        case 'O':            options.c_cflag |= (PARODD | PARENB);            options.c_iflag |= INPCK; /* Disnable parity checking */ break;        case 'e':        case 'E':            options.c_cflag |= PARENB; /* Enable parity */ options.c_cflag &= ~PARODD;            options.c_iflag |= INPCK; /* Disnable parity checking */ break;        case 'S':        case 's': /*as no parity */ options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;            options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;            break;        default:            fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported parity\n");            return (FALSE);    }    switch (stopbits) {        case 1:            options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;            break;        case 2:            options.c_cflag |= CSTOPB;            break;        default:            fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported stop bits\n");            return (FALSE);    } /* Set input parity option */ if (parity != 'n') options.c_iflag |= INPCK;    tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH);    options.c_cc[VTIME] = 150;    options.c_cc[VMIN] = 0; /* Update the options and do it NOW */ if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &options) != 0) {        perror("SetupSerial 3");        return (FALSE);    }    return (TRUE);}void signal_handler_IO(int status) {    printf("received SIGIO signale.\n");    wait_flag = noflag;}int main() {    printf("This program updates last time at %s %s\n", __TIME__, __DATE__);    printf("STDIO COM1\n");    int fd;    struct sigaction saio;    fd = open("/dev/ttyUSB0", O_RDWR);    if (fd == -1) { perror("serialport error\n"); }    else {        printf("open ");        printf("%s", ttyname(fd));        printf(" succesfully\n");    }    saio.sa_handler = signal_handler_IO;    sigemptyset(&saio.sa_mask);    saio.sa_flags = 0;    saio.sa_restorer = NULL;    sigaction(SIGIO, &saio,              NULL); //allow the process to receive SIGIO    fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN,          getpid()); //make the file descriptor asynchronous    fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, FASYNC);    set_speed(fd, 9600);    if (set_Parity(fd, 8, 1, 'N') == FALSE) {        printf("Set Parity Error\n");        exit(0);    }    char buf[254]={0};    while (STOP == 0) {        usleep(100000); /* after receving SIGIO ,wait_flag = FALSE,input is availabe and can be read */        if (wait_flag == 0) {            memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));            res = read(fd, buf, 254);            if ((int) buf[0] == 85) {                for (int i = 0; i < 254; i++) {                    std::cout << std::hex << (int) buf[i] << " ";                }                std::cout << std::endl;            }//            printf("nread=%d,%s\n", res,buf);//            if (res ==1)//             STOP = 1; /*stop loop if only a CR was input */            wait_flag = flag; /*wait for new input */        }    }    close(fd);    return 0;}

select阻塞形式

#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#include #include #define FALSE -1#define TRUE 0#define flag 1#define noflag 0int wait_flag = noflag;int STOP = 0;int res;int speed_arr[] = {B38400, B19200, B9600, B4800, B2400, B1200, B300, B38400, B19200, B9600, B4800, B2400, B1200, B300,};int name_arr[] = {38400, 19200, 9600, 4800, 2400, 1200, 300, 38400, 19200, 9600, 4800, 2400, 1200, 300,};struct STime stcTime;struct SAcc stcAcc;struct SGyro stcGyro;struct SAngle stcAngle;struct SMag stcMag;struct SDStatus stcDStatus;struct SPress stcPress;struct SLonLat stcLonLat;struct SGPSV stcGPSV;void set_speed(int fd, int speed) {    int i;    int status;    struct termios Opt;    tcgetattr(fd, &Opt);    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(speed_arr) / sizeof(int); i++) {        if (speed == name_arr[i]) {            tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);            cfsetispeed(&Opt, speed_arr[i]);            cfsetospeed(&Opt, speed_arr[i]);            status = tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &Opt);            if (status != 0) {                perror("tcsetattr fd1");                return;            }            tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);        }    }}int set_Parity(int fd, int databits, int stopbits, int parity) {    struct termios options;    if (tcgetattr(fd, &options) != 0) {        perror("SetupSerial 1");        return (FALSE);    }    options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;    switch (databits) {        case 7:            options.c_cflag |= CS7;            break;        case 8:            options.c_cflag |= CS8;            break;        default:            fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported data size\n");            return (FALSE);    }    switch (parity) {        case 'n':        case 'N':            options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB; /* Clear parity enable */ options.c_iflag &= ~INPCK; /* Enable parity checking */ break;        case 'o':        case 'O':            options.c_cflag |= (PARODD | PARENB);            options.c_iflag |= INPCK; /* Disnable parity checking */ break;        case 'e':        case 'E':            options.c_cflag |= PARENB; /* Enable parity */ options.c_cflag &= ~PARODD;            options.c_iflag |= INPCK; /* Disnable parity checking */ break;        case 'S':        case 's': /*as no parity */ options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;            options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;            break;        default:            fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported parity\n");            return (FALSE);    }    switch (stopbits) {        case 1:            options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;            break;        case 2:            options.c_cflag |= CSTOPB;            break;        default:            fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported stop bits\n");            return (FALSE);    } /* Set input parity option */    if (parity != 'n') options.c_iflag |= INPCK;    tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH);    options.c_cc[VTIME] = 150;    options.c_cc[VMIN] = 0; /* Update the options and do it NOW */ if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &options) != 0) {        perror("SetupSerial 3");        return (FALSE);    }    return (TRUE);}void signal_handler_IO(int status) {    printf("received SIGIO signale.\n");    wait_flag = noflag;}class DATA {    DATA(char type) {    }};int main() {    std::vector info;    printf("This program updates last time at %s %s\n", __TIME__, __DATE__);    printf("STDIO COM1\n");    int fd;    fd = open("/dev/ttyUSB0", O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY);    if (fd == -1) { perror("serialport error\n"); }    else {        printf("open ");        printf("%s", ttyname(fd));        printf(" succesfully\n");    }    set_speed(fd, 9600);    if (set_Parity(fd, 8, 1, 'N') == FALSE) {        printf("Set Parity Error\n");        exit(0);    }    char buf;    fd_set rd;    int nread = 0;//    char buffer[5] = {char(0xff), char(0xaa), char(0x03), char(0x05), char(0x00)};//    write(fd, buffer, 5);    int lock = true;    std::vector data_st;    while (1) {        FD_ZERO(&rd);        FD_SET(fd, &rd);        while (FD_ISSET(fd, &rd)) {            if (select(fd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0) {                perror("select error\n");            } else {                while ((nread = read(fd, &buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {                    std::cout << std::hex << (int) buf << std::endl;                    if (lock && buf != 0x55) {                        lock=true;                        continue;                    } else {                        lock= false;//                        data_st.insert(data_st.begin(), (long) 0x55);                        data_st.push_back((long) buf);                        if (data_st.size() == 11) {                            char t_buf[11];                            std::vector::iterator it;                            int i = 0;                            long sum = 0;                            for (it = data_st.begin(); it < data_st.end(); it++) {                                t_buf[i] = *it;                                sum = (long) *it;                                i++;                            }                            data_st.clear();                            if (sum == (2 * long(t_buf[11]))) {                            }                            switch (t_buf[1]) {                                case 0x51:                                    memcpy(&stcAcc, &t_buf[2], 8);                                    std::cout << "0x51 加速度"                                              << " ax: " << (float) stcAcc.a[0] / 32768 * 16.0 * 9.8                                              << " ay: " << (float) stcAcc.a[1] / 32768 * 16.0 * 9.8                                              << " az: " << (float) stcAcc.a[2] / 32768 * 16.0 * 9.8                                              << " T: " << (float) (stcAcc.T) / 100                                              << std::endl;                                    break;                                case 0x52:                                    memcpy(&stcGyro, &t_buf[2], 8);                                    break;                                case 0x53:                                    memcpy(&stcAngle, &t_buf[2], 8);                                    std::cout << "0x53 角度"                                              << " agx: " << (float) stcAngle.Angle[0] / 32768 * 180                                              << " agy: " << (float) stcAngle.Angle[1] / 32768 * 180                                              << " az: " << (float) stcAngle.Angle[2] / 32768 * 180                                              << " T: " << (float) (stcAngle.T) / 100                                              << std::endl;                                    break;                                case 0x54:                                    memcpy(&stcMag, &t_buf[2], 8);                                    std::cout << "0x54 磁场"                                            " cx: " << (float)stcMag.h[0] <<                                              " cy: " << (float)stcMag.h[1] <<                                              " cz: " << (float)stcMag.h[2] <<                                              " cT:  " << (float)stcMag.T/100                                              << std::endl;                                    break;                                case 0x55:                                    memcpy(&stcDStatus, &t_buf[2], 8);                                    std::cout << "0x55" << std::endl;                                    break;                                case 0x56:                                    memcpy(&stcPress, &t_buf[2], 8);                                    std::cout << "0x56" << std::endl;                                    break;                                case 0x57:                                    memcpy(&stcLonLat, &t_buf[2], 8);                                    std::cout << "0x57" << std::endl;                                    break;                                case 0x58:                                    memcpy(&stcGPSV, &t_buf[2], 8);                                    std::cout << "0x58" << std::endl;                                    break;                            }//                            std::vector::iterator it;//                            for(it=data_st.begin();it
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