C#如何实现序列化和反序列化

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.net下有一种技术叫做对象序列化，说得通俗一点，C#序列化就是把一个对象保存到一个文件或数据库字段中去，C#反序列化就是在需要的时候再把这个文件转化成原来的对象使用。

在.NET中常见的C#序列化的方法主要也有三个：二进制序列化、XML序列化、SOAP序列化。

下面通过一个小例子来说明这三种方法的使用。

using System;  using System.Collections.Generic;  using System.Text;   namespace FileSerializer  {      [Serializable]      public class Book      {                string id;          string name;           public string Id          {              get { return id; }              set { id = value; }          }           public string Name          {              get { return name; }              set { name = value; }          }                    public Book()          {          }           public Book(string id,string name)          {              this.id = id;              this.name = name;          }           public override string ToString()          {              return "编号：" + id + "\t名称：" + name;          }      }  }   using System;  using System.Collections.Generic;  using System.Text;  using System.IO;  using System.Xml.Serialization;   namespace FileSerializer  {      public abstract class Serializer< T>      {          string filePath;           public string FilePath          {              get { return filePath; }              set { filePath = value; }          }           public Serializer(string filePath)          {              this.filePath = filePath;          }           public void Serialize(T serializeObj)          {              using (Stream st = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))              {                  S(st, serializeObj);              }          }           protected abstract void S(Stream st, T serializeObj);           public T Deserialize()          {              using (Stream st = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))              {                  return D(st);              }          }           protected abstract T D(Stream st);      }  }   using System;  using System.Collections.Generic;  using System.Text;  using System.IO;  using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;   namespace FileSerializer  {      class SerializerBinary< T> : Serializer< T>      {          public SerializerBinary(string filePath)              : base(filePath)          {          }          protected override void S(Stream st, T serializeObj)          {              BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();              bf.Serialize(st, serializeObj);          }           protected override T D(Stream st)          {              BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();              return (T)bf.Deserialize(st);          }      }  }   using System;  using System.Collections.Generic;  using System.Text;  using System.IO;  using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap;   namespace FileSerializer  {      public class SerializerSoap< T> : Serializer< T>      {          public SerializerSoap(string filePath)              : base(filePath)          {          }           protected override void S(Stream st, T serializeObj)          {              SoapFormatter sf = new SoapFormatter();              sf.Serialize(st, serializeObj);          }           protected override T D(Stream st)          {              SoapFormatter sf = new SoapFormatter();              return (T)sf.Deserialize(st);          }      }  }    using System;  using System.Collections.Generic;  using System.Text;  using System.Xml.Serialization;  using System.IO;   namespace FileSerializer  {      public class SerializerXml< T> : Serializer< T>      {          public SerializerXml(string filePath)              : base(filePath)          {          }           protected override void S(Stream st, T serializeObj)          {              XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));              xs.Serialize(st, serializeObj);          }           protected override T D(Stream st)          {              XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));              return (T)xs.Deserialize(st);          }      }  }    using System;  using System.Collections.Generic;  using System.Text;   namespace FileSerializer  {      class Program      {          static void Main(string[] args)          {              Book book = new Book("01","C#程序设计入门01");              Serializer< Book> serializer = new SerializerBinary< Book>("bookBinary");              serializer.Serialize(book);               Book newbook = serializer.Deserialize();              Console.WriteLine(newbook.ToString());                   book = new Book("02", "C#程序设计入门02");              serializer = new SerializerSoap< Book>("bookSoap.soap");              serializer.Serialize(book);               newbook = serializer.Deserialize();              Console.WriteLine(newbook.ToString());               book = new Book("03", "C#程序设计入门03");              serializer = new SerializerXml< Book>("bookXml.xml");              serializer.Serialize(book);               newbook = serializer.Deserialize();              Console.WriteLine(newbook.ToString());              Console.ReadLine();          }      }  }

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